{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2809876685","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijmtm.2018.10014126","title":"Examining the causes of the 'bullwhip effect': a study of the Qinhuangdao Port's coal supply chain","display_name":"Examining the causes of the 'bullwhip effect': a study of the Qinhuangdao Port's coal supply chain","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2809876685","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijmtm.2018.10014126","mag":"2809876685"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1504/ijmtm.2018.10014126","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijmtm.2018.10014126","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137964361","display_name":"International Journal of Manufacturing Technology and Management","issn_l":"1368-2148","issn":["1368-2148","1741-5195"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317825","host_organization_name":"Inderscience Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317825"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Inderscience Publishers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Manufacturing Technology and Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100358453","display_name":"Hongmei Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1584-2492"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39333907","display_name":"Yanshan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02txfnf15","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101931","display_name":"HBIS (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00zjpfj13","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210101931"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117826","display_name":"Hebei University of Environmental Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/02bjyz323","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117826"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongmei Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Economics and Management School, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao Hebei 066004, China; Postdoctoral Station, Hebei Port Group CO. LTD, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, China","Economics and Management School, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao Hebei 066004, China","Postdoctoral Station, Hebei Port Group CO. LTD, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Economics and Management School, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao Hebei 066004, China; Postdoctoral Station, Hebei Port Group CO. LTD, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39333907","https://openalex.org/I4210117826"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Economics and Management School, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao Hebei 066004, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Postdoctoral Station, Hebei Port Group CO. LTD, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101931"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090101809","display_name":"Haiju Hu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39333907","display_name":"Yanshan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02txfnf15","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haiju Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Center for Regional Economic Development and Economics and Management School, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao Hebei 066004, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center for Regional Economic Development and Economics and Management School, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao Hebei 066004, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113844873","display_name":"Meimei Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meimei Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bohai Polytechnic Vocational College, Cangzhou, Hebei 061000, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bohai Polytechnic Vocational College, Cangzhou, Hebei 061000, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2637,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.57942418,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":"4/5","first_page":"470","last_page":"470"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14368","display_name":"Evaluation and Optimization Models","score":0.6116999983787537,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14368","display_name":"Evaluation and Optimization Models","score":0.6116999983787537,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10328","display_name":"Supply Chain and Inventory Management","score":0.5694000124931335,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12306","display_name":"Urban and Freight Transport Logistics","score":0.545199990272522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bullwhip-effect","display_name":"Bullwhip effect","score":0.986318826675415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supply-chain","display_name":"Supply chain","score":0.7688798308372498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/port","display_name":"Port (circuit theory)","score":0.5519261360168457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coal","display_name":"Coal","score":0.465717077255249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/order","display_name":"Order (exchange)","score":0.4275047779083252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.4249873161315918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supply-chain-management","display_name":"Supply chain management","score":0.3855985403060913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.3805534541606903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.37468433380126953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.32882171869277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-management","display_name":"Operations management","score":0.3210861086845398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.15200626850128174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing","display_name":"Marketing","score":0.14622646570205688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finance","display_name":"Finance","score":0.07749003171920776}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178595485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1343909","display_name":"Bullwhip effect","level":4,"score":0.986318826675415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108713360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1824206","display_name":"Supply chain","level":2,"score":0.7688798308372498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32802771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2443617","display_name":"Port (circuit theory)","level":2,"score":0.5519261360168457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518851703","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24489","display_name":"Coal","level":2,"score":0.465717077255249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.4275047779083252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.4249873161315918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44104985","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q492886","display_name":"Supply chain management","level":3,"score":0.3855985403060913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3805534541606903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.37468433380126953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.32882171869277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.3210861086845398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15200626850128174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.14622646570205688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.07749003171920776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1504/ijmtm.2018.10014126","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijmtm.2018.10014126","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S137964361","display_name":"International Journal of Manufacturing Technology and Management","issn_l":"1368-2148","issn":["1368-2148","1741-5195"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317825","host_organization_name":"Inderscience Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317825"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Inderscience Publishers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Manufacturing Technology and Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:ids:ijmtma:v:32:y:2018:i:4/5:p:470-487","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=93363","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3033911751","https://openalex.org/W2120960819","https://openalex.org/W1547689673","https://openalex.org/W2370866402","https://openalex.org/W2887263146","https://openalex.org/W2059681752","https://openalex.org/W2110010547","https://openalex.org/W2773072605","https://openalex.org/W1999630373","https://openalex.org/W2140044546"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Although":[0],"in":[1,69],"recent":[2],"years":[3],"the":[4,14,28,36,39,50,56,59,79,83,86,95,100,120,125,140],"coal":[5,17,45,131],"business":[6],"of":[7,16,24,38,42,53,55,58,82,85,108,124,128],"Qinhuangdao":[8,43,129],"Port":[9],"maintains":[10],"relatively":[11],"efficient":[12],"operations,":[13],"problem":[15,26],"inventory":[18,93],"overstock":[19],"remains.":[20],"The":[21,117],"main":[22],"reason":[23],"such":[25],"is":[27,75,94],"bullwhip":[29,40,60,87,126,141],"effect.":[30,61,88,142],"In":[31],"this":[32],"study,":[33],"we":[34],"analysis":[35],"causes":[37,57,84,123],"effect":[41,127],"Port's":[44,130],"supply":[46,132],"chain":[47,133],"and":[48,114,134],"examine":[49],"relative":[51,80],"contribution":[52],"each":[54],"Simulation":[62],"models":[63],"developed":[64],"by":[65,103],"Witness":[66],"are":[67],"used":[68,76],"collecting":[70],"data.":[71],"A":[72],"factorial":[73],"design":[74],"to":[77,138],"measure":[78],"contributions":[81],"We":[89],"find":[90],"that":[91],"amendatory":[92],"most":[96,121],"significant":[97],"one":[98],"among":[99],"causes,":[101],"followed":[102],"demand":[104],"forecast":[105],"updating,":[106],"number":[107],"echelons,":[109],"information":[110],"delay,":[111],"transportation":[112],"delay":[113],"order":[115],"batching.":[116],"result":[118],"shows":[119],"seriously":[122],"provides":[135],"possible":[136],"ways":[137],"mitigate":[139]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}