{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4238589811","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijcnds.2021.116484","title":"Optimisation driven-based secure routing in MANET using atom whale optimisation algorithm","display_name":"Optimisation driven-based secure routing in MANET using atom whale optimisation algorithm","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4238589811","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijcnds.2021.116484"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1504/ijcnds.2021.116484","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijcnds.2021.116484","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S156554173","display_name":"International Journal of Communication Networks and Distributed Systems","issn_l":"1754-3916","issn":["1754-3916","1754-3924"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317825","host_organization_name":"Inderscience Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317825"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Inderscience Publishers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Communication Networks and Distributed Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007599960","display_name":"Suresh R. Halhalli","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Suresh R. Halhalli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronics Engineering, M.S. Bidve Engineering College, Latur, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronics Engineering, M.S. Bidve Engineering College, Latur, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033392289","display_name":"Shounak Rushikesh Sugave","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-8751"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088227","display_name":"MIT World Peace University","ror":"https://ror.org/004ymxd45","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088227"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shounak Rushikesh Sugave","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of CET, Dr. Vishwanath Karad MIT World Peace University, Pune, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of CET, Dr. Vishwanath Karad MIT World Peace University, Pune, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088227"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091592194","display_name":"B.N. Jagdale","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088227","display_name":"MIT World Peace University","ror":"https://ror.org/004ymxd45","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088227"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B.N. Jagdale","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of CET, Dr. Vishwanath Karad MIT World Peace University, Pune, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of CET, Dr. Vishwanath Karad MIT World Peace University, Pune, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088227"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5007599960"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2225,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81102044,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"1","first_page":"77","last_page":"77"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10246","display_name":"Mobile Ad Hoc Networks","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10246","display_name":"Mobile Ad Hoc Networks","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11504","display_name":"Advanced Authentication Protocols Security","score":0.9796000123023987,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9787999987602234,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8545213937759399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing-protocol","display_name":"Routing protocol","score":0.6114943623542786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.6068770885467529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-ad-hoc-network","display_name":"Mobile ad hoc network","score":0.5651194453239441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.5629936456680298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5429731011390686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distance-vector-routing-protocol","display_name":"Distance-vector routing protocol","score":0.48817020654678345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-source-routing","display_name":"Dynamic Source Routing","score":0.4784248471260071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-routing-protocol","display_name":"Wireless Routing Protocol","score":0.4649212658405304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/destination-sequenced-distance-vector-routing","display_name":"Destination-Sequenced Distance Vector routing","score":0.4633716940879822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/link-state-routing-protocol","display_name":"Link-state routing protocol","score":0.4253828525543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.42249882221221924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3947465419769287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3347911834716797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.16382470726966858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.07935899496078491}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8545213937759399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104954878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648707","display_name":"Routing protocol","level":3,"score":0.6114943623542786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.6068770885467529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91280400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4085781","display_name":"Mobile ad hoc network","level":3,"score":0.5651194453239441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.5629936456680298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5429731011390686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202385902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1229441","display_name":"Distance-vector routing protocol","level":5,"score":0.48817020654678345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9659607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1268903","display_name":"Dynamic Source Routing","level":4,"score":0.4784248471260071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47318570","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8026863","display_name":"Wireless Routing Protocol","level":4,"score":0.4649212658405304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29436982","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3700557","display_name":"Destination-Sequenced Distance Vector routing","level":5,"score":0.4633716940879822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89305328","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1755411","display_name":"Link-state routing protocol","level":4,"score":0.4253828525543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.42249882221221924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3947465419769287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3347911834716797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.16382470726966858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.07935899496078491}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1504/ijcnds.2021.116484","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijcnds.2021.116484","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S156554173","display_name":"International Journal of Communication Networks and Distributed Systems","issn_l":"1754-3916","issn":["1754-3916","1754-3924"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317825","host_organization_name":"Inderscience Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317825"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Inderscience Publishers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Communication Networks and Distributed Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","score":0.4000000059604645}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968388765","https://openalex.org/W2430455952","https://openalex.org/W2034296768","https://openalex.org/W998025572","https://openalex.org/W2121798534","https://openalex.org/W2818863284","https://openalex.org/W2139978795","https://openalex.org/W2105937634","https://openalex.org/W2041855631","https://openalex.org/W2758162329"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Mobile":[0],"ad":[1],"hoc":[2],"networks":[3],"(MANETs)":[4],"routing":[5,41,53,71,85,123],"is":[6,33,54,82,92,124,135,157],"a":[7,68,172],"very":[8],"challenging":[9],"task":[10],"because":[11],"of":[12,16,21,29,46,138,176,184,190],"the":[13,17,27,40,51,74,83,96,102,118,127,130,136,150,187],"dynamic":[14,62],"nature":[15],"network.":[18],"The":[19,87,133,154,165],"linking":[20],"provisional":[22],"communication":[23],"assures":[24],"based":[25],"on":[26],"infrastructure":[28],"MANET,":[30],"however,":[31],"there":[32],"no":[34],"centralised":[35],"monitoring":[36],"process":[37],"for":[38],"making":[39],"in":[42,44,61],"MANETs":[43],"terms":[45],"trust":[47,103,163],"and":[48,110,117,143,162,186],"security.":[49],"Therefore,":[50],"stability":[52],"not":[55],"considered,":[56],"which":[57,81],"may":[58],"break":[59],"easily":[60],"MANETs.":[63],"Thus,":[64],"this":[65],"paper":[66],"introduces":[67],"trust-based":[69],"secure":[70,122],"protocol":[72],"using":[73,129],"proposed":[75,131,166],"atom":[76,89,139],"whale":[77,90,144],"optimisation":[78,91,141,145],"algorithm":[79,146],"(AWOA),":[80],"trust-aware":[84],"protocol.":[86],"developed":[88],"utilised":[93],"to":[94,101],"select":[95],"optimal":[97],"route":[98],"with":[99,171],"respect":[100],"factors,":[104],"like":[105],"average":[106],"encounter":[107],"rate":[108],"(AER),":[109],"successful":[111],"cooperation":[112],"frequency":[113],"(SCF),":[114],"integrity":[115],"factor,":[116],"forwarding":[119],"rate.":[120],"Moreover,":[121],"performed":[125],"between":[126],"nodes":[128],"AWOA.":[132],"AWOA":[134,167],"integration":[137],"search":[140],"(ASO),":[142],"(WOA)":[147],"that":[148],"inherits":[149],"faster":[151],"global":[152],"convergence.":[153],"fitness":[155],"function":[156],"newly":[158],"modelled":[159],"considering":[160],"mobility,":[161],"factors.":[164],"outperformed":[168],"other":[169],"methods":[170],"minimal":[173],"end-to-end":[174],"delay":[175],"0.0083":[177],"sec,":[178],"maximal":[179,188],"packet":[180],"delivery":[181],"ratio":[182],"(PDR)":[183],"97.73%,":[185],"throughput":[189],"85.05%":[191],"respectively.":[192]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
