{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2800445472","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijbic.2018.10012978","title":"Automatic diagnosis of pulmonary nodules using a hierarchical extreme learning machine model","display_name":"Automatic diagnosis of pulmonary nodules using a hierarchical extreme learning machine model","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2800445472","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijbic.2018.10012978","mag":"2800445472"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1504/ijbic.2018.10012978","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijbic.2018.10012978","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S121342672","display_name":"International Journal of Bio-Inspired Computation","issn_l":"1758-0366","issn":["1758-0366","1758-0374"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317825","host_organization_name":"Inderscience Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317825"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Inderscience Publishers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Bio-Inspired Computation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025942924","display_name":"Yan Qiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6231-3721"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170751988","display_name":"Shanxi University of Finance and Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/04nte7y58","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170751988"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yan Qiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Management, Shanxi University of Finance & Economics, Taiyuan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Management, Shanxi University of Finance & Economics, Taiyuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170751988"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109951131","display_name":"Lei Ge","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9086337","display_name":"Taiyuan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03kv08d37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Ge","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Software, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Software, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103119022","display_name":"Rui Hao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3012-0276"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9086337","display_name":"Taiyuan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03kv08d37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rui Hao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, TaiYuan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, TaiYuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072310671","display_name":"Zilin Qiang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9086337","display_name":"Taiyuan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03kv08d37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zilin Qiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, TaiYuan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, TaiYuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034506145","display_name":"Juanjuan Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8134-9076"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9086337","display_name":"Taiyuan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03kv08d37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juanjuan Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, TaiYuan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, TaiYuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025942924"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170751988"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1629,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.56507945,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"3","first_page":"192","last_page":"192"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12676","display_name":"Machine Learning and ELM","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12676","display_name":"Machine Learning and ELM","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":0.9632999897003174,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10062","display_name":"MicroRNA in disease regulation","score":0.9319999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1306","display_name":"Cancer Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5462741851806641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extreme-learning-machine","display_name":"Extreme learning machine","score":0.5047975778579712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4826274812221527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.057475775480270386}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5462741851806641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780150128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21948731","display_name":"Extreme learning machine","level":3,"score":0.5047975778579712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4826274812221527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.057475775480270386}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1504/ijbic.2018.10012978","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijbic.2018.10012978","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S121342672","display_name":"International Journal of Bio-Inspired Computation","issn_l":"1758-0366","issn":["1758-0366","1758-0374"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317825","host_organization_name":"Inderscience Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317825"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Inderscience Publishers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Bio-Inspired Computation","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2067443264","https://openalex.org/W31566076","https://openalex.org/W4297902562","https://openalex.org/W2741186499","https://openalex.org/W2804652951","https://openalex.org/W2556335056","https://openalex.org/W2002678693","https://openalex.org/W1584764049"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"effectively":[1,143],"improve":[2],"the":[3,55,84,98,107,111,121,145],"diagnosis":[4,14,130],"of":[5,54,83,97,147],"pulmonary":[6,17,38,57,85,99,114,128],"nodules,":[7],"this":[8],"paper":[9],"proposes":[10],"a":[11,21],"new":[12,22],"automatic":[13],"method":[15,134],"for":[16],"nodules":[18],"based":[19],"on":[20],"hierarchical":[23],"extreme":[24,68],"learning":[25,69],"machine":[26,70],"(H-ELM)":[27],"that":[28],"can":[29],"automatically":[30],"carry":[31],"out":[32],"feature":[33,90,149],"extraction,":[34],"model":[35],"training":[36],"and":[37,79,124,138,142],"nodule":[39,58,86,100,115,129],"detection.":[40],"In":[41,110],"our":[42,132],"method,":[43,123],"an":[44,67],"adaptive":[45],"histogram":[46],"equalisation":[47],"is":[48,104,135],"used":[49,118],"first":[50],"to":[51,75,119],"enhance":[52],"contrast":[53],"original":[56],"image.":[59,87],"The":[60],"processed":[61],"images":[62,116],"are":[63,117],"then":[64],"input":[65,102],"into":[66],"(ELM)-based":[71],"unsupervised":[72],"multilayer":[73],"auto-encoder":[74],"obtain":[76],"more":[77,136],"compact":[78],"meaningful":[80],"high-level":[81,95],"features":[82,96],"Finally,":[88],"supervised":[89],"classification,":[91],"which":[92],"uses":[93],"these":[94],"as":[101],"data,":[103],"implemented":[105],"using":[106],"ELM":[108],"classifier.":[109],"experiments,":[112],"2,800":[113],"validate":[120],"proposed":[122,133],"compared":[125],"with":[126],"existing":[127],"methods,":[131],"accurate":[137],"less":[139],"time":[140],"consuming":[141],"avoids":[144],"complexity":[146],"manual":[148],"extraction.":[150]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
