{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402043034","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14778/3681954.3681964","title":"Automating the Enterprise with Foundation Models","display_name":"Automating the Enterprise with Foundation Models","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402043034","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14778/3681954.3681964"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.14778/3681954.3681964","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.14778/3681954.3681964","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226185","display_name":"Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment","issn_l":"2150-8097","issn":["2150-8097"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016816241","display_name":"Michael Wornow","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2215-6527"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michael Wornow","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039749428","display_name":"Avanika Narayan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Avanika Narayan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5097335659","display_name":"Krista Opsahl-Ong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Krista Opsahl-Ong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5097335660","display_name":"Quinn McIntyre","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Quinn McIntyre","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108071956","display_name":"Nigam Shah","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nigam Shah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103852640","display_name":"Christopher R\u00e9","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher R\u00e9","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5016816241"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.2804,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92336229,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"11","first_page":"2805","last_page":"2812"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13287","display_name":"Robotic Process Automation Applications","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13287","display_name":"Robotic Process Automation Applications","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10703","display_name":"Business Process Modeling and Analysis","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workflow","display_name":"Workflow","score":0.926039457321167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automation","display_name":"Automation","score":0.7580045461654663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.711834192276001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5627763867378235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.5436919331550598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workflow-technology","display_name":"Workflow technology","score":0.5026073455810547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4832809269428253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foundation","display_name":"Foundation (evidence)","score":0.4518727958202362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workflow-management-system","display_name":"Workflow management system","score":0.4247822165489197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.20901426672935486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.15857425332069397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.07154294848442078}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177212765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627335","display_name":"Workflow","level":2,"score":0.926039457321167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115901376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automation","level":2,"score":0.7580045461654663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.711834192276001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5627763867378235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.5436919331550598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19612761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8034836","display_name":"Workflow technology","level":3,"score":0.5026073455810547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4832809269428253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780966255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5474306","display_name":"Foundation (evidence)","level":2,"score":0.4518727958202362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140824633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2808660","display_name":"Workflow management system","level":3,"score":0.4247822165489197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.20901426672935486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15857425332069397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.07154294848442078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.14778/3681954.3681964","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.14778/3681954.3681964","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226185","display_name":"Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment","issn_l":"2150-8097","issn":["2150-8097"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.5199999809265137,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W139661254","https://openalex.org/W1972827683","https://openalex.org/W2079815456","https://openalex.org/W2211160973","https://openalex.org/W2260378577","https://openalex.org/W2264475115","https://openalex.org/W2584555500","https://openalex.org/W2799015892","https://openalex.org/W2963143727","https://openalex.org/W3013259567","https://openalex.org/W3044438666","https://openalex.org/W3095780624","https://openalex.org/W3098281022","https://openalex.org/W3137133090","https://openalex.org/W3198839277","https://openalex.org/W4206801261","https://openalex.org/W4221143046","https://openalex.org/W4242763616","https://openalex.org/W4312991867","https://openalex.org/W4315647142","https://openalex.org/W4321448364","https://openalex.org/W4352978410","https://openalex.org/W4366549916","https://openalex.org/W4385413298","https://openalex.org/W4385474838","https://openalex.org/W4387835442","https://openalex.org/W4389520177","https://openalex.org/W4394862732","https://openalex.org/W4402753874","https://openalex.org/W6733403177"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2391168633","https://openalex.org/W2385499106","https://openalex.org/W2035995658","https://openalex.org/W2376671203","https://openalex.org/W2375304607","https://openalex.org/W2049143847","https://openalex.org/W1574425962","https://openalex.org/W2354357087","https://openalex.org/W2353477037","https://openalex.org/W2387628393"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Automating":[0],"enterprise":[1,130],"workflows":[2,131,156],"could":[3],"unlock":[4],"$4":[5],"trillion/year":[6],"in":[7,42],"productivity":[8],"gains.":[9],"Despite":[10],"being":[11],"of":[12,24,52,62,74,148,155,179,187],"interest":[13],"to":[14,48,128],"the":[15,21,72,146],"data":[16,207],"management":[17,208],"community":[18],"for":[19,55,108],"decades,":[20],"ultimate":[22],"vision":[23],"end-to-end":[25,109,184],"workflow":[26,110,161],"automation":[27,40,111],"has":[28,76],"remained":[29],"elusive.":[30],"Current":[31],"solutions":[32],"rely":[33],"on":[34,159,174],"process":[35,39],"mining":[36],"and":[37,65,90,116,164,194,199],"robotic":[38],"(RPA),":[41],"which":[43],"a":[44,50,57,63,104,126,160,175,180],"bot":[45],"is":[46],"hard-coded":[47],"follow":[49],"set":[51],"predefined":[53],"rules":[54],"completing":[56],"workflow.":[58],"Through":[59],"case":[60],"studies":[61],"hospital":[64],"large":[66],"B2B":[67],"enterprise,":[68],"we":[69,123],"find":[70],"that":[71,141],"adoption":[73],"RPA":[75,150],"been":[77],"inhibited":[78],"by":[79],"high":[80],"set-up":[81,167],"costs":[82],"(12--18":[83],"months),":[84],"unreliable":[85],"execution":[86],"(60%":[87],"initial":[88,138],"accuracy),":[89],"burdensome":[91],"maintenance":[92],"(requiring":[93],"multiple":[94],"FTEs).":[95],"Multimodal":[96],"foundation":[97],"models":[98],"(FMs)":[99],"such":[100],"as":[101,196],"GPT-4":[102],"offer":[103],"promising":[105],"new":[106],"approach":[107],"given":[112],"their":[113],"generalized":[114],"reasoning":[115],"planning":[117],"abilities.":[118],"To":[119],"study":[120],"these":[121],"capabilities":[122],"propose":[124],"ECLAIR,":[125],"system":[127],"automate":[129],"with":[132,151,168,206],"minimal":[133,169],"human":[134],"supervision.":[135],"We":[136,189],"conduct":[137],"experiments":[139],"showing":[140],"multimodal":[142],"FMs":[143],"can":[144,203],"address":[145],"limitations":[147],"traditional":[149],"(1)":[152],"near-human-level":[153],"understanding":[154,162],"(93%":[157],"accuracy":[158],"task)":[163],"(2)":[165],"instant":[166],"technical":[170],"barrier":[171],"(based":[172],"solely":[173],"natural":[176],"language":[177],"description":[178],"workflow,":[181],"ECLAIR":[182],"achieves":[183],"completion":[185],"rates":[186],"40%).":[188],"identify":[190],"human-AI":[191],"collaboration,":[192],"validation,":[193],"self-improvement":[195],"open":[197],"challenges,":[198],"suggest":[200],"ways":[201],"they":[202],"be":[204],"solved":[205],"techniques.":[209]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-05T08:41:31.759640","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}