{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385653232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14778/3603581.3603588","title":"Falcon: A Privacy-Preserving and Interpretable Vertical Federated Learning System","display_name":"Falcon: A Privacy-Preserving and Interpretable Vertical Federated Learning System","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385653232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14778/3603581.3603588"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.14778/3603581.3603588","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.14778/3603581.3603588","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226185","display_name":"Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment","issn_l":"2150-8097","issn":["2150-8097"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101635565","display_name":"Yuncheng Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1436-3916"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yuncheng Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004659618","display_name":"Naili Xing","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Naili Xing","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100389286","display_name":"Gang Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7483-0045"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gang Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033418193","display_name":"Tien Tuan Anh Dinh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8158-3636"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149704539","display_name":"Deakin University","ror":"https://ror.org/02czsnj07","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tien Tuan Anh Dinh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Deakin University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Deakin University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027609768","display_name":"Zhaojing Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7271-3999"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhaojing Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024892041","display_name":"Beng Chin Ooi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4446-1100"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Beng Chin Ooi","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010903591","display_name":"Xiaokui Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0914-4580"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaokui Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032263010","display_name":"Meihui Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0752-9877"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meihui Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Institute of Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101635565"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.9063,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":34,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97027303,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"10","first_page":"2471","last_page":"2484"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9889000058174133,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11612","display_name":"Stochastic Gradient Optimization Techniques","score":0.9731000065803528,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpretability","display_name":"Interpretability","score":0.8489989042282104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8428452014923096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5232312083244324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5216681957244873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/homomorphic-encryption","display_name":"Homomorphic encryption","score":0.5128148198127747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4804401099681854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4563494324684143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.4495278596878052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.3209879994392395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.11828261613845825}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781067378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17027399","display_name":"Interpretability","level":2,"score":0.8489989042282104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8428452014923096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5232312083244324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5216681957244873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158338273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2154943","display_name":"Homomorphic encryption","level":3,"score":0.5128148198127747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4804401099681854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4563494324684143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4495278596878052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.3209879994392395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.11828261613845825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.14778/3603581.3603588","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.14778/3603581.3603588","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226185","display_name":"Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment","issn_l":"2150-8097","issn":["2150-8097"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/30511799","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal contribution"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/30511799","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal contribution"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.41999998688697815}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1506806321","https://openalex.org/W1508764330","https://openalex.org/W1544327602","https://openalex.org/W1579771234","https://openalex.org/W1969009977","https://openalex.org/W2026179596","https://openalex.org/W2062022900","https://openalex.org/W2090117217","https://openalex.org/W2132172731","https://openalex.org/W2150620897","https://openalex.org/W2473418344","https://openalex.org/W2510508396","https://openalex.org/W2516809705","https://openalex.org/W2573908344","https://openalex.org/W2611623725","https://openalex.org/W2701059868","https://openalex.org/W2751501713","https://openalex.org/W2766393794","https://openalex.org/W2767079719","https://openalex.org/W2782492233","https://openalex.org/W2912213068","https://openalex.org/W2951059495","https://openalex.org/W2970606380","https://openalex.org/W2982581272","https://openalex.org/W3000463950","https://openalex.org/W3021654819","https://openalex.org/W3031450565","https://openalex.org/W3049595782","https://openalex.org/W3101860164","https://openalex.org/W3108672920","https://openalex.org/W3175646727","https://openalex.org/W3213008925","https://openalex.org/W4225821859","https://openalex.org/W4226307069","https://openalex.org/W4281848858","https://openalex.org/W4285337687","https://openalex.org/W4294904094"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2905433371","https://openalex.org/W4361193272","https://openalex.org/W4310278675","https://openalex.org/W2806259446","https://openalex.org/W2963326959","https://openalex.org/W1986582023","https://openalex.org/W2883749686","https://openalex.org/W2966829450","https://openalex.org/W4315864862","https://openalex.org/W592311810"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Federated":[0],"learning":[1,11,23],"(FL)":[2],"enables":[3,177],"multiple":[4,223],"data":[5,30,192],"owners":[6],"to":[7,54,71,84,202,234],"collaboratively":[8],"train":[9],"machine":[10],"(ML)":[12],"models":[13,50],"without":[14],"disclosing":[15],"their":[16],"raw":[17],"data.":[18],"In":[19,58,95],"the":[20,26,32,43,46,49,60,73,92,178,199,204],"vertical":[21],"federated":[22],"(VFL)":[24],"setting,":[25],"collaborating":[27],"parties":[28,47],"have":[29],"from":[31],"same":[33],"set":[34],"of":[35,125,144,165,180,194,244],"users":[36,70],"but":[37],"with":[38,115],"disjoint":[39],"attributes.":[40],"After":[41],"constructing":[42],"VFL":[44,106,111,166,195],"models,":[45,127],"deploy":[48],"in":[51,76,184,242],"production":[52],"systems":[53],"infer":[55],"prediction":[56,61,93,114],"requests.":[57],"practice,":[59],"output":[62],"itself":[63],"may":[64],"not":[65],"be":[66],"convincing":[67],"for":[68,121],"party":[69],"make":[72],"decisions,":[74],"especially":[75],"high-stakes":[77],"applications.":[78],"Model":[79],"interpretability":[80,174],"is":[81,138,209],"therefore":[82],"essential":[83],"provide":[85],"meaningful":[86],"insights":[87],"and":[88,104,113,117,133,150,172,197,212,222,237],"better":[89],"comprehension":[90],"on":[91,213],"output.":[94],"this":[96],"paper,":[97],"we":[98,215],"propose":[99],"Falcon,":[100],"a":[101,122,141,170,185],"novel":[102],"privacy-preserving":[103,173],"interpretable":[105,182],"system.":[107],"First,":[108],"Falcon":[109,162,189,208,230],"supports":[110,190],"training":[112],"strong":[116],"efficient":[118,191],"privacy":[119],"protection":[120,137],"wide":[123],"range":[124],"ML":[126],"including":[128],"linear":[129],"regression,":[130,132],"logistic":[131],"multi-layer":[134],"perceptron.":[135],"The":[136,226],"achieved":[139],"by":[140,169],"hybrid":[142],"strategy":[143],"threshold":[145],"partially":[146],"homomorphic":[147],"encryption":[148],"(PHE)":[149],"additive":[151],"secret":[152],"sharing":[153],"scheme":[154],"(SSS),":[155],"ensuring":[156],"no":[157],"intermediate":[158],"information":[159],"disclosure.":[160],"Second,":[161],"facilitates":[163],"understanding":[164],"model":[167],"predictions":[168],"flexible":[171],"framework,":[175],"which":[176],"implementation":[179],"state-of-the-art":[181],"methods":[183],"decentralized":[186],"setting.":[187],"Third,":[188],"parallelism":[193,200],"tasks":[196],"optimizes":[198],"factors":[201],"reduce":[203],"overall":[205],"execution":[206],"time.":[207],"fully":[210],"implemented,":[211],"which,":[214],"conduct":[216],"extensive":[217],"experiments":[218],"using":[219],"six":[220],"real-world":[221],"synthetic":[224],"datasets.":[225],"results":[227],"demonstrate":[228],"that":[229],"achieves":[231],"comparable":[232],"accuracy":[233],"non-private":[235],"algorithms":[236],"outperforms":[238],"three":[239],"secure":[240],"baselines":[241],"terms":[243],"efficiency.":[245]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}