{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4323343765","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14778/3579075.3579084","title":"FARGO: Fast Maximum Inner Product Search via Global Multi-Probing","display_name":"FARGO: Fast Maximum Inner Product Search via Global Multi-Probing","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4323343765","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14778/3579075.3579084"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.14778/3579075.3579084","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.14778/3579075.3579084","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226185","display_name":"Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment","issn_l":"2150-8097","issn":["2150-8097"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://repository.hkust.edu.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-126159/1/048996_1.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069448247","display_name":"Xi Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3240-8225"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xi Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huazhong University of Science and Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031485610","display_name":"Bolong Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8639-4570"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bolong Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huazhong University of Science and Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031508494","display_name":"Xiaomeng Yi","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaomeng Yi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zilliz"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zilliz","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042330227","display_name":"Xiaofan Luan","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaofan Luan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zilliz"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zilliz","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102908205","display_name":"Charles Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1713-8696"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charles Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zilliz"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zilliz","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011384237","display_name":"Xiaofang Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6343-1455"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaofang Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hong Kong University of Science and Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029380368","display_name":"Christian S. Jensen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9697-7670"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","display_name":"Aalborg University","ror":"https://ror.org/04m5j1k67","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christian S. Jensen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aalborg University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aalborg University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069448247"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5465,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84701507,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"5","first_page":"1100","last_page":"1112"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9937999844551086,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9822999835014343,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7214372158050537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curse-of-dimensionality","display_name":"Curse of dimensionality","score":0.6905602812767029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hash-function","display_name":"Hash function","score":0.619651734828949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/locality-sensitive-hashing","display_name":"Locality-sensitive hashing","score":0.6104151010513306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformation","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","score":0.5558774471282959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/product","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","score":0.5206262469291687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/locality","display_name":"Locality","score":0.45530053973197937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.43389925360679626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.41020679473876953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3830585479736328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.3469899892807007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hash-table","display_name":"Hash table","score":0.3036366105079651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.17783361673355103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.12616762518882751}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7214372158050537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111030470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1430460","display_name":"Curse of dimensionality","level":2,"score":0.6905602812767029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99138194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183427","display_name":"Hash function","level":2,"score":0.619651734828949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74270461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1625299","display_name":"Locality-sensitive hashing","level":4,"score":0.6104151010513306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204241405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461499","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.5558774471282959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5206262469291687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779808786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6664603","display_name":"Locality","level":2,"score":0.45530053973197937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.43389925360679626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.41020679473876953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3830585479736328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3469899892807007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67388219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207440","display_name":"Hash table","level":3,"score":0.3036366105079651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17783361673355103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.12616762518882751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.14778/3579075.3579084","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.14778/3579075.3579084","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226185","display_name":"Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment","issn_l":"2150-8097","issn":["2150-8097"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.hkust.edu.hk:1783.1-126159","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://repository.hkust.edu.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-126159","pdf_url":"https://repository.hkust.edu.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-126159/1/048996_1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference paper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/7d3e71cd-37dd-4efc-a347-f1e14a9c0490","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://vbn.aau.dk/da/publications/7d3e71cd-37dd-4efc-a347-f1e14a9c0490","pdf_url":"https://vbn.aau.dk/ws/files/678681221/3579075.3579084.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401731","display_name":"VBN Forskningsportal (Aalborg Universitet)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","host_organization_name":"Aalborg University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Zhao, X, Zheng, B, Yi, X, Luan, X, Xie, C, Zhou, X & Jensen, C S 2023, 'FARGO : Fast Maximum Inner Product Search via Global Multi-Probing', Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment, vol. 16, no. 5, pp. 1100-1112. https://doi.org/10.14778/3579075.3579084","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.hkust.edu.hk:1783.1-126159","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://repository.hkust.edu.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-126159","pdf_url":"https://repository.hkust.edu.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-126159/1/048996_1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference paper"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1121271761","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Program","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1231421488","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"under","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1955705865","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021YFC3300303","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2074007050","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62072125","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3085993365","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"(Grant No.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G391238517","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":", and","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6624196571","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021YFC","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7033253288","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grants","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7674961","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61902134","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7726157001","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant No.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4323343765.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1575370549","https://openalex.org/W1974627246","https://openalex.org/W1978475816","https://openalex.org/W1979148915","https://openalex.org/W2012833704","https://openalex.org/W2031248101","https://openalex.org/W2061212083","https://openalex.org/W2113741880","https://openalex.org/W2147717514","https://openalex.org/W2155502235","https://openalex.org/W2197084977","https://openalex.org/W2218762779","https://openalex.org/W2294518132","https://openalex.org/W2397770138","https://openalex.org/W2441967103","https://openalex.org/W2567214097","https://openalex.org/W2605350416","https://openalex.org/W2792883393","https://openalex.org/W2801922433","https://openalex.org/W2949510380","https://openalex.org/W2981630259","https://openalex.org/W2998566393","https://openalex.org/W3007299504","https://openalex.org/W3030998173","https://openalex.org/W3089996945","https://openalex.org/W3105270890","https://openalex.org/W3105727767","https://openalex.org/W3172286366","https://openalex.org/W3174354514","https://openalex.org/W3196736500"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2135779989","https://openalex.org/W2144265691","https://openalex.org/W2183040431","https://openalex.org/W2033383639","https://openalex.org/W2754607325","https://openalex.org/W144856782","https://openalex.org/W3108918257","https://openalex.org/W2080135560","https://openalex.org/W2963557510","https://openalex.org/W3016124764"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Maximum":[0],"inner":[1,83,114],"product":[2,115],"search":[3,35,92],"(MIPS)":[4],"in":[5,196],"high-dimensional":[6,99],"spaces":[7],"has":[8],"wide":[9],"applications":[10],"but":[11],"is":[12,73,190],"computationally":[13],"expensive":[14],"due":[15],"to":[16,31,116],"the":[17,28,79,82,110,113,154],"curse":[18],"of":[19,81,112,157,192,198],"dimensionality.":[20],"Existing":[21],"studies":[22,48],"employ":[23],"asymmetric":[24],"transformations":[25,133],"that":[26,108,134,152,170,185,188],"reduce":[27],"MIPS":[29,96],"problem":[30],"a":[32,90,103,145,164],"nearest":[33],"neighbor":[34],"(NNS)":[36],"problem,":[37],"which":[38,61],"can":[39],"be":[40],"solved":[41],"using":[42],"locality-sensitive":[43],"hashing":[44],"(LSH).":[45],"However,":[46],"these":[47],"usually":[49],"maintain":[50],"multiple":[51],"hash":[52],"tables":[53],"and":[54,174,201],"locally":[55],"examine":[56,118],"them":[57],"one":[58],"by":[59],"one,":[60],"may":[62],"cause":[63],"additional":[64],"costs":[65],"on":[66,97],"probing":[67],"unnecessary":[68],"points.":[69],"In":[70,85,122],"addition,":[71,123],"LSH":[72],"applied":[74],"without":[75],"taking":[76],"into":[77],"account":[78],"properties":[80,111],"product.":[84],"this":[86],"paper,":[87],"we":[88,124,143,162],"develop":[89,125],"fast":[91],"framework":[93],"FARGO":[94,189],"for":[95],"large-scale,":[98],"data.":[100],"We":[101,178],"propose":[102,163],"global":[104,165],"multi-probing":[105],"(GMP)":[106],"strategy":[107],"exploits":[109],"globally":[117],"high":[119],"quality":[120],"candidates.":[121],"two":[126],"optimization":[127],"techniques.":[128],"First,":[129],"different":[130],"with":[131,182],"existing":[132,194],"introduce":[135],"either":[136],"distortion":[137],"errors":[138],"or":[139],"data":[140,158,184],"distribution":[141,159],"imbalances,":[142],"design":[144],"novel":[146],"transformation,":[147,151],"called":[148],"random":[149],"XBOX":[150],"avoids":[153],"negative":[155],"effects":[156],"imbalances.":[160],"Second,":[161],"adaptive":[166],"early":[167],"termination":[168],"condition":[169],"finds":[171],"results":[172],"quickly":[173],"offers":[175],"theoretical":[176],"guarantees.":[177],"conduct":[179],"extensive":[180],"experiments":[181],"real-world":[183],"offer":[186],"evidence":[187],"capable":[191],"outperforming":[193],"proposals":[195],"terms":[197],"both":[199],"accuracy":[200],"efficiency.":[202]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-15T08:11:43.952461","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}