{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2548429475","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14778/3007263.3007289","title":"Sapphire","display_name":"Sapphire","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2548429475","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14778/3007263.3007289","mag":"2548429475"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.14778/3007263.3007289","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.14778/3007263.3007289","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226185","display_name":"Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment","issn_l":"2150-8097","issn":["2150-8097"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038522506","display_name":"Ahmed El-Roby","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0737-3400"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed El-Roby","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Waterloo"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043474306","display_name":"Khaled Ammar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khaled Ammar","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Waterloo"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000416532","display_name":"Ashraf Aboulnaga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6693-7099"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ashraf Aboulnaga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qatar Computing Research Institute, HBKU"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qatar Computing Research Institute, HBKU","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082997975","display_name":"Jimmy Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0661-7189"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jimmy Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Waterloo"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2993,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87420041,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"13","first_page":"1481","last_page":"1484"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10317","display_name":"Advanced Database Systems and Queries","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11719","display_name":"Data Quality and Management","score":0.9905999898910522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sparql","display_name":"SPARQL","score":0.9673141837120056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8477833867073059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rdf","display_name":"RDF","score":0.7784538269042969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.6724094152450562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linked-data","display_name":"Linked data","score":0.655981719493866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rdf-schema","display_name":"RDF Schema","score":0.4789476990699768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.4728824496269226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vocabulary","display_name":"Vocabulary","score":0.4587746858596802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.4028075039386749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantic-web","display_name":"Semantic Web","score":0.15261629223823547}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41009113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54871","display_name":"SPARQL","level":4,"score":0.9673141837120056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8477833867073059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147497476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54872","display_name":"RDF","level":3,"score":0.7784538269042969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.6724094152450562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69075417","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q515701","display_name":"Linked data","level":3,"score":0.655981719493866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15657843","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1751819","display_name":"RDF Schema","level":5,"score":0.4789476990699768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.4728824496269226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777601683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6499736","display_name":"Vocabulary","level":2,"score":0.4587746858596802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.4028075039386749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2129575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54837","display_name":"Semantic Web","level":2,"score":0.15261629223823547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.14778/3007263.3007289","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.14778/3007263.3007289","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226185","display_name":"Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment","issn_l":"2150-8097","issn":["2150-8097"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.5199999809265137}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W509898","https://openalex.org/W1480615301","https://openalex.org/W1484056211","https://openalex.org/W1509946529","https://openalex.org/W1540862445","https://openalex.org/W1971684273","https://openalex.org/W2041265293","https://openalex.org/W2079694211","https://openalex.org/W2098388305"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1991234668","https://openalex.org/W2768092701","https://openalex.org/W2205065274","https://openalex.org/W1484849781","https://openalex.org/W3095079208","https://openalex.org/W2533549501","https://openalex.org/W2183469477","https://openalex.org/W2403584057","https://openalex.org/W2360498695","https://openalex.org/W137909637"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"There":[0],"is":[1,46,128,131,151],"currently":[2],"a":[3,179,187,275],"large":[4],"amount":[5],"of":[6,26,28,42,50,107,119,148,154,258],"publicly":[7],"accessible":[8],"structured":[9,159,173],"data":[10,14,30,44,52,74,96,114,122,150,184,231],"available":[11],"as":[12,144],"RDF":[13,29,183],"sets.":[15,232],"For":[16],"example,":[17],"the":[18,38,43,51,55,88,95,105,109,113,116,149,158,213,229,243,248,251,263,271],"Linked":[19],"Open":[20],"Data":[21],"(LOD)":[22],"cloud":[23,57],"now":[24],"consists":[25],"thousands":[27],"sets":[31,45,53,97],"with":[32],"over":[33,66,157,238],"30":[34],"billion":[35],"triples,":[36],"and":[37,40,77,194,266],"number":[39],"size":[41],"continuously":[47],"growing.":[48],"Many":[49],"in":[54,83,171,250],"LOD":[56,244],"provide":[58],"public":[59,239],"SPARQL":[60,80,127,139,217,240],"endpoints":[61,241],"to":[62,72,85,101,134,138,166,270],"allow":[63],"issuing":[64],"queries":[65,163,218,234],"them.":[67],"These":[68,233],"end-points":[69],"enable":[70],"users":[71],"retrieve":[73],"using":[75],"precise":[76],"highly":[78],"expressive":[79,216],"queries.":[81,174],"However,":[82],"order":[84],"do":[86],"so,":[87],"user":[89,214,249,277],"must":[90],"have":[91],"sufficient":[92],"knowledge":[93,147,227],"about":[94,228],"that":[98,103,140,185,219],"she":[99],"wishes":[100],"query,":[102],"is,":[104],"structure":[106],"data,":[108,265],"vocabulary":[110],"used":[111],"within":[112],"set,":[115],"exact":[117],"values":[118],"literals,":[120],"their":[121],"types,":[123],"etc.":[124],"Thus,":[125],"while":[126],"powerful,":[129],"it":[130],"not":[132,142,200],"easy":[133,165],"use.":[135],"An":[136],"alternative":[137],"does":[141,199],"require":[143],"much":[145],"prior":[146],"some":[152],"form":[153],"keyword":[155,192],"search":[156,162,193],"data.":[160],"Keyword":[161],"are":[164,208,235],"use,":[167],"but":[168,203],"inherently":[169],"ambiguous":[170,191],"describing":[172],"This":[175],"demonstration":[176],"introduces":[177],"Sapphire,":[178],"system":[180,198],"for":[181],"querying":[182],"strikes":[186],"middle":[188],"ground":[189],"between":[190],"difficult-to-use":[195],"SPARQL.":[196],"Our":[197],"replace":[201],"either,":[202],"utilizes":[204],"both":[205],"where":[206],"they":[207],"most":[209],"effective.":[210],"Sapphire":[211,246],"helps":[212],"construct":[215],"represent":[220],"her":[221],"information":[222],"needs":[223],"without":[224],"requiring":[225],"detailed":[226],"queried":[230,264],"then":[236],"executed":[237],"from":[242],"cloud.":[245],"guides":[247],"query":[252,259,272],"writing":[253],"process":[254],"by":[255,267],"showing":[256],"suggestions":[257],"terms":[260],"based":[261,273],"on":[262,274],"recommending":[268],"changes":[269],"predictive":[276],"model.":[278]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2016-11-11T00:00:00"}
