{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2232738904","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14529/jsfi150304","title":"The L-CSC cluster: Optimizing power efficiency to become the greenest supercomputer in the world in the Green500 list of November 2014","display_name":"The L-CSC cluster: Optimizing power efficiency to become the greenest supercomputer in the world in the Green500 list of November 2014","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2232738904","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14529/jsfi150304","mag":"2232738904"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.14529/jsfi150304","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.14529/jsfi150304","pdf_url":"https://superfri.org/superfri/article/download/65/137","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210177204","display_name":"Supercomputing Frontiers and Innovations","issn_l":"2313-8734","issn":["2313-8734","2409-6008"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310312680","host_organization_name":"Publishing center of the South Ural State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310312680"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Publishing center of the South Ural State University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Supercomputing Frontiers and Innovations","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://superfri.org/superfri/article/download/65/137","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"David Rohr","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801628138","display_name":"Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/05vmv8m79","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801628138"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"David Rohr","raw_affiliation_strings":["Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Frankfurt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Frankfurt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801628138"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Gvozden Neskovic","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801628138","display_name":"Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/05vmv8m79","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801628138"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gvozden Neskovic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Frankfurt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Frankfurt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801628138"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Volker Lindenstruth","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801628138","display_name":"Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/05vmv8m79","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801628138"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114090438","display_name":"Goethe University Frankfurt","ror":"https://ror.org/04cvxnb49","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114090438"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Volker Lindenstruth","raw_affiliation_strings":["Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Frankfurt\r\nGoethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Frankfurt\r\nGoethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801628138","https://openalex.org/I114090438"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801628138"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.11844287,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"3","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.2897999882698059,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.2897999882698059,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10715","display_name":"Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems","score":0.2549999952316284,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.07360000163316727,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supercomputer","display_name":"Supercomputer","score":0.8507999777793884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-consumption","display_name":"Power consumption","score":0.4779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity","display_name":"Electricity","score":0.46790000796318054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-cluster","display_name":"Computer cluster","score":0.4377000033855438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster","display_name":"Cluster (spacecraft)","score":0.3856000006198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/commodity","display_name":"Commodity","score":0.38199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.3695000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.3668999969959259}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83283714","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121117","display_name":"Supercomputer","level":2,"score":0.8507999777793884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.651199996471405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984118289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29954","display_name":"Power consumption","level":3,"score":0.4779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206658404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12725","display_name":"Electricity","level":2,"score":0.46790000796318054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29140674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q206637","display_name":"Computer cluster","level":2,"score":0.4377000033855438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164866538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367351","display_name":"Cluster (spacecraft)","level":2,"score":0.3856000006198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779439359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317088","display_name":"Commodity","level":2,"score":0.38199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3695000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.3668999969959259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118993495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5042828","display_name":"Electrical efficiency","level":3,"score":0.3610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.3549000024795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.34439998865127563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58053490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176555","display_name":"Quantum computer","level":3,"score":0.33410000801086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.3287999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C459310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117801","display_name":"Computational science","level":1,"score":0.3172000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.3089999854564667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.29440000653266907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2982832238","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5531640","display_name":"General purpose","level":2,"score":0.2856999933719635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779231336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7534724","display_name":"Sketch","level":2,"score":0.25540000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983317576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1853339","display_name":"Power demand","level":4,"score":0.2549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.2533999979496002}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.14529/jsfi150304","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.14529/jsfi150304","pdf_url":"https://superfri.org/superfri/article/download/65/137","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210177204","display_name":"Supercomputing Frontiers and Innovations","issn_l":"2313-8734","issn":["2313-8734","2409-6008"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310312680","host_organization_name":"Publishing center of the South Ural State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310312680"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Publishing center of the South Ural State University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Supercomputing Frontiers and Innovations","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1811.11475","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1811.11475","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1811.11475","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.14529/jsfi150304","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.14529/jsfi150304","pdf_url":"https://superfri.org/superfri/article/download/65/137","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210177204","display_name":"Supercomputing Frontiers and Innovations","issn_l":"2313-8734","issn":["2313-8734","2409-6008"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310312680","host_organization_name":"Publishing center of the South Ural State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310312680"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Publishing center of the South Ural State University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Supercomputing Frontiers and Innovations","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2232738904.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2232738904.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"L-CSC":[1,54,114],"(Lattice":[2],"Computer":[3],"for":[4,29,65,112,151],"Scientific":[5],"Computing)":[6],"is":[7,24,36,115],"a":[8,56,100],"general":[9,87],"purpose":[10,23],"compute":[11],"cluster":[12,134],"built":[13],"with":[14,73],"commodity":[15],"hardware":[16],"installed":[17],"at":[18],"GSI.":[19],"Its":[20],"main":[21],"operational":[22],"Lattice":[25],"QCD":[26],"(LQCD)":[27],"calculations":[28],"physics":[30],"simulations.":[31],"Quantum":[32],"Chromo":[33],"Dynamics":[34],"(QCD)":[35],"the":[37,41,46,52,60,104,125,133,142,147,152,156,161,166,171],"physical":[38],"theory":[39],"describing":[40],"strong":[42],"force,":[43],"one":[44],"of":[45,63,107,155],"four":[47],"known":[48],"fundamental":[49],"interactions":[50],"in":[51,86,92,103,160,174],"universe.":[53],"leverages":[55],"multi-GPU":[57],"design":[58,135],"accommodating":[59],"huge":[61],"demand":[62],"LQCD":[64],"memory":[66],"bandwidth.":[67],"In":[68],"recent":[69],"years,":[70],"heterogeneous":[71],"clusters":[72],"accelerators":[74],"such":[75],"as":[76,136,138,170],"GPUs":[77,111],"have":[78,88],"become":[79],"more":[80,82],"and":[81,98,118],"powerful":[83],"while":[84],"supercomputers":[85,159],"shown":[89],"enormous":[90],"increases":[91],"power":[93,128,143,148],"consumption":[94],"making":[95],"electricity":[96],"costs":[97],"cooling":[99],"significant":[101],"factor":[102],"total":[105],"cost":[106],"ownership.":[108],"Using":[109],"mainly":[110],"processing,":[113],"very":[116],"power-efficient,":[117],"its":[119],"architecture":[120],"was":[121],"optimized":[122],"to":[123,140,165],"provide":[124],"greatest":[126],"possible":[127],"efficiency.":[129,144],"This":[130],"paper":[131],"presents":[132],"well":[137],"optimizations":[139],"improve":[141],"It":[145],"examines":[146],"measurements":[149],"performed":[150],"Green500":[153],"list":[154],"most":[157],"power-efficient":[158],"world":[162],"which":[163],"led":[164],"number":[167],"1":[168],"position":[169],"greenest":[172],"supercomputer":[173],"November":[175],"2014.":[176]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
