{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3205709663","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14428/esann/2021.es2021-2","title":"The Coming of Age of Interpretable and Explainable Machine Learning Models","display_name":"The Coming of Age of Interpretable and Explainable Machine Learning Models","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3205709663","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14428/esann/2021.es2021-2","mag":"3205709663"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.14428/esann/2021.es2021-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.14428/esann/2021.es2021-2","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.14428/esann/2021.es2021-2","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306509709","display_name":"ESANN 2021 proceedings","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ESANN 2021 proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.14428/esann/2021.es2021-2","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010155676","display_name":"Paulo Lisb\u00f6a","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6365-4499"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63098007","display_name":"Liverpool John Moores University","ror":"https://ror.org/04zfme737","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63098007"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paulo Lisboa","raw_affiliation_strings":["-Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool -United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"-Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool -United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63098007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006278156","display_name":"Sascha Saralajew","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2248-8062"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889804353","display_name":"Robert Bosch (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/01fe0jt45","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889804353"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sascha Saralajew","raw_affiliation_strings":["-Bosch Center for Artificial Intelligence, Renningen -Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"-Bosch Center for Artificial Intelligence, Renningen -Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889804353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069425032","display_name":"Alfredo Vellido","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9843-1911"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9617848","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/03mb6wj31","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alfredo Vellido","raw_affiliation_strings":["-Universitat Politcnica de Catalunya and IDEAI-UPC Research Center, Barcelona -Spain","-Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya and IDEAI-UPC Research Center, Barcelona -Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"-Universitat Politcnica de Catalunya and IDEAI-UPC Research Center, Barcelona -Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"-Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya and IDEAI-UPC Research Center, Barcelona -Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027248793","display_name":"Thomas Villmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6725-0141"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116397343","display_name":"Hochschule Mittweida","ror":"https://ror.org/024ga3r86","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116397343"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Villmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["-University of Applied Sciences Mittweida, Saxon Institute for Comp. Intelligence and Machine Learning, Mittweida -Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"-University of Applied Sciences Mittweida, Saxon Institute for Comp. Intelligence and Machine Learning, Mittweida -Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116397343"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"547","last_page":"556"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9531000256538391,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpretability","display_name":"Interpretability","score":0.8980906009674072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/session","display_name":"Session (web analytics)","score":0.7542276382446289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7389050126075745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.7228928208351135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7165247201919556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5818113088607788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/realisation","display_name":"Realisation","score":0.5183123350143433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/realm","display_name":"Realm","score":0.4402264952659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.33576714992523193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.06999275088310242}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781067378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17027399","display_name":"Interpretability","level":2,"score":0.8980906009674072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779182362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17126187","display_name":"Session (web analytics)","level":2,"score":0.7542276382446289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7389050126075745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.7228928208351135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7165247201919556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5818113088607788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779462738","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17146409","display_name":"Realisation","level":2,"score":0.5183123350143433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778757428","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1250464","display_name":"Realm","level":2,"score":0.4402264952659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.33576714992523193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.06999275088310242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.14428/esann/2021.es2021-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.14428/esann/2021.es2021-2","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.14428/esann/2021.es2021-2","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306509709","display_name":"ESANN 2021 proceedings","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ESANN 2021 proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk:16509","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401246","display_name":"Liverpool John Moores University","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I63098007","host_organization_name":"Liverpool John Moores University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63098007"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference or Workshop Item"},{"id":"pmh:oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/368022","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2117/368022","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196262","display_name":"UPCommons institutional repository (Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I9617848","host_organization_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference report"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.14428/esann/2021.es2021-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.14428/esann/2021.es2021-2","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.14428/esann/2021.es2021-2","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306509709","display_name":"ESANN 2021 proceedings","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ESANN 2021 proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.49000000953674316,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3205709663.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3205709663.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968420163","https://openalex.org/W2049588052","https://openalex.org/W2076063813","https://openalex.org/W2093827448","https://openalex.org/W2095705004","https://openalex.org/W2100495367","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2166322089","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2272817333","https://openalex.org/W2295107390","https://openalex.org/W2516809705","https://openalex.org/W2530382561","https://openalex.org/W2594164664","https://openalex.org/W2594475271","https://openalex.org/W2613339651","https://openalex.org/W2618530766","https://openalex.org/W2770662937","https://openalex.org/W2809671526","https://openalex.org/W2911779594","https://openalex.org/W2913240367","https://openalex.org/W2945976633","https://openalex.org/W2951885001","https://openalex.org/W2964303497","https://openalex.org/W2977466813","https://openalex.org/W2981731882","https://openalex.org/W2994536315","https://openalex.org/W3013628093","https://openalex.org/W3023371261","https://openalex.org/W3034487425","https://openalex.org/W3034781633","https://openalex.org/W3035373585","https://openalex.org/W3113653931","https://openalex.org/W3184018210","https://openalex.org/W3205127767","https://openalex.org/W3205740068","https://openalex.org/W3205791871","https://openalex.org/W3206131282","https://openalex.org/W3206415949","https://openalex.org/W3207343759","https://openalex.org/W3207655322","https://openalex.org/W4231109964","https://openalex.org/W4287811112","https://openalex.org/W4288262051","https://openalex.org/W4294619778","https://openalex.org/W4298289240","https://openalex.org/W4319261911","https://openalex.org/W6637568146","https://openalex.org/W6687483927","https://openalex.org/W6694826524","https://openalex.org/W6730267373","https://openalex.org/W6760385162","https://openalex.org/W6802036119","https://openalex.org/W6802584391"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2905433371","https://openalex.org/W2359053655","https://openalex.org/W2387777532","https://openalex.org/W2961288924","https://openalex.org/W2888392564","https://openalex.org/W2810895613","https://openalex.org/W2382709029","https://openalex.org/W4310278675","https://openalex.org/W1986582023","https://openalex.org/W2966829450"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Machine":[0,85],"learning-based":[1,57],"systems":[2,30],"are":[3,31,123],"now":[4],"part":[5],"of":[6,10,22,37,47,49],"a":[7],"wide":[8],"array":[9],"real-world":[11],"applications":[12],"seamlessly":[13],"embedded":[14],"in":[15,55,84,126],"the":[16,20,38,45,50,121],"social":[17],"realm.":[18],"In":[19,72],"wake":[21],"this":[23,73,127],"realisation,":[24],"strict":[25],"legal":[26],"regulations":[27],"for":[28,120],"these":[29,105],"currently":[32],"being":[33],"developed,":[34],"addressing":[35],"some":[36],"risks":[39],"they":[40],"may":[41],"pose.":[42],"This":[43],"is":[44],"coming":[46],"age":[48],"interpretability":[51],"and":[52,87,94,100,107],"explainability":[53],"problems":[54,106],"machine":[56,96],"data":[58],"analysis,":[59],"which":[60],"can":[61],"no":[62],"longer":[63],"be":[64],"seen":[65],"just":[66],"as":[67,98],"an":[68],"academic":[69],"research":[70],"problem.":[71],"tutorial,":[74],"associated":[75],"to":[76,103,112],"ESANN":[77],"2021":[78],"special":[79],"session":[80,122],"on":[81],"\"Interpretable":[82],"Models":[83],"Learning":[86],"Explainable":[88],"Artificial":[89],"Intelligence\",":[90],"we":[91],"discuss":[92],"explainable":[93],"interpretable":[95],"learning":[97],"post-hoc":[99],"ante-hoc":[101],"strategies":[102],"address":[104],"highlight":[108],"several":[109],"aspects":[110],"related":[111],"them,":[113],"including":[114],"their":[115],"assessment.":[116],"The":[117],"contributions":[118],"accepted":[119],"then":[124],"presented":[125],"context.":[128]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}