{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7115596636","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14279/eceasst.v85.2707","title":"Building Digital Twins for Particle Accelerators: The Role of Architecture and Patterns","display_name":"Building Digital Twins for Particle Accelerators: The Role of Architecture and Patterns","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-05-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7115596636","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14279/eceasst.v85.2707"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.14279/eceasst.v85.2707","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.14279/eceasst.v85.2707","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407052985","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsbibliothek","issn_l":null,"issn":[],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.14279/eceasst.v85.2707","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Sulaiman Khail, Waheedullah","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sulaiman Khail, Waheedullah","raw_affiliation_strings":["HZB"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HZB","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Schnizer, Pierre","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Schnizer, Pierre","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8325734,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11986","display_name":"Scientific Computing and Data Management","score":0.16920000314712524,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11986","display_name":"Scientific Computing and Data Management","score":0.16920000314712524,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12810","display_name":"Real-time simulation and control systems","score":0.08829999715089798,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13650","display_name":"Computational Physics and Python Applications","score":0.05209999904036522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.6306999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.5705000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.5504000186920166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.5457000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-architecture","display_name":"Software architecture","score":0.4481000006198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-oriented-architecture","display_name":"Resource-oriented architecture","score":0.39070001244544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.37389999628067017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-system","display_name":"Control system","score":0.3686999976634979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reference-architecture","display_name":"Reference architecture","score":0.35989999771118164}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.6306999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.5705000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.5504000186920166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.5457000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.51910001039505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.4837999939918518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.46779999136924744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35869016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846636","display_name":"Software architecture","level":3,"score":0.4481000006198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97382630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13501132","display_name":"Resource-oriented architecture","level":5,"score":0.39070001244544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.37389999628067017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17500928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959968","display_name":"Control system","level":2,"score":0.3686999976634979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.3637000024318695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55356503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2136675","display_name":"Reference architecture","level":4,"score":0.35989999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3521000146865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185874996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269699","display_name":"Interdependence","level":2,"score":0.3441999852657318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31190367","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3739927","display_name":"Particle beam","level":3,"score":0.34279999136924744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3422999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98025372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477538","display_name":"Systems architecture","level":3,"score":0.3391999900341034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174683762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q609588","display_name":"Component-based software engineering","level":4,"score":0.31610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41065761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193309","display_name":"Applications architecture","level":4,"score":0.30219998955726624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.2912999987602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988765172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22349898","display_name":"Control software","level":3,"score":0.29030001163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149091818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2429814","display_name":"Software system","level":3,"score":0.2809999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119823426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184793","display_name":"Computer Aided Design","level":2,"score":0.2727000117301941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.26339998841285706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778505590","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141022","display_name":"Eclipse","level":2,"score":0.259799987077713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52913732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857102","display_name":"Software design","level":4,"score":0.2554999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115901376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automation","level":2,"score":0.25279998779296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40071531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2513962","display_name":"Industrial control system","level":3,"score":0.2515999972820282}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.14279/eceasst.v85.2707","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.14279/eceasst.v85.2707","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407052985","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsbibliothek","issn_l":null,"issn":[],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.14279/eceasst.v85.2707","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.14279/eceasst.v85.2707","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407052985","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsbibliothek","issn_l":null,"issn":[],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.6635217070579529}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Particle":[0],"accelerators":[1,52],"are":[2,16,129],"complex":[3,137],"machines":[4],"consisting":[5],"of":[6,8,33,82],"hundreds":[7],"interdependent":[9],"devices.":[10],"Control":[11],"systems":[12],"and":[13,21,46,56,67,71,88,106,115,126],"commissioning":[14],"applications":[15],"used":[17],"to":[18],"steer,":[19],"control,":[20],"optimize":[22],"them.":[23],"Online":[24],"models\u2014now":[25],"increasingly":[26],"implemented":[27],"as":[28],"digital":[29,48],"twins\u2014enable":[30],"real-time":[31],"derivation":[32],"critical":[34],"beam":[35],"parameters":[36],"during":[37],"operation.":[38],"This":[39],"paper":[40],"presents":[41],"our":[42],"experience":[43],"building":[44],"reusable":[45],"configurable":[47],"twins":[49],"for":[50,131],"particle":[51],"using":[53],"architectural":[54],"layering":[55],"software":[57,135],"design":[58,128],"patterns.":[59],"By":[60],"separating":[61],"domain":[62],"logic":[63],"from":[64],"control":[65,89],"infrastructure":[66],"applying":[68],"both":[69],"established":[70],"custom":[72],"patterns,":[73],"we":[74],"have":[75],"developed":[76],"a":[77],"flexible":[78],"twin":[79],"framework":[80],"capable":[81],"supporting":[83],"multiple":[84],"backends,":[85],"simulation":[86],"engines,":[87],"systems.":[90],"We":[91],"demonstrate":[92],"how":[93],"this":[94],"architecture":[95,125],"has":[96],"enabled":[97],"rapid":[98],"deployment":[99],"across":[100],"two":[101],"accelerator":[102],"facilities":[103],"(BESSY":[104],"II":[105],"MLS)":[107],"with":[108],"minimal":[109],"changes,":[110],"while":[111],"also":[112],"improving":[113],"testing":[114],"packaging":[116],"via":[117],"containerized":[118],"delivery.":[119],"Our":[120],"findings":[121],"highlight":[122],"that":[123],"intentional":[124],"pattern-based":[127],"essential":[130],"sustainable,":[132],"adaptable":[133],"scientific":[134],"in":[136],"engineering":[138],"domains.":[139]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-12-16T23:48:00.217561","created_date":"2025-12-16T00:00:00"}
