{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415625767","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1013588","title":"Ten simple rules for optimal and careful use of generative AI in science","display_name":"Ten simple rules for optimal and careful use of generative AI in science","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415625767","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1013588","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41150680"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1013588","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1013588","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86033158","display_name":"PLoS Computational Biology","issn_l":"1553-734X","issn":["1553-734X","1553-7358"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS Computational Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1013588","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062774172","display_name":"Mohamed Helmy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9561-7956"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32625721","display_name":"University of Saskatchewan","ror":"https://ror.org/010x8gc63","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32625721"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148498","display_name":"Bioinformatics Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/044w3nw43","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I2801752549","https://openalex.org/I4210148498"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150572","display_name":"Idaho State Department of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/03t6zfb73","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210150572"]}],"countries":["CA","SG","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Helmy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bioinformatics Institute (BII), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Republic of Singapore","Department of Computer Science, Idaho State University, Boise, Idaho, United States of America","Department of Computer Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan, Canada","Vaccine and Infectious Diseases Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan, Canada","Vaccinology and Immunotherapeutics Program, School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9561-7956","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bioinformatics Institute (BII), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Republic of Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I4210148498"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Idaho State University, Boise, Idaho, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150572"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32625721"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vaccine and Infectious Diseases Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32625721"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vaccinology and Immunotherapeutics Program, School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32625721"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089050646","display_name":"Lingling Jin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4586-2347"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32625721","display_name":"University of Saskatchewan","ror":"https://ror.org/010x8gc63","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32625721"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lingling Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32625721"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089380873","display_name":"Amr Alhossary","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4470-5817"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100538780","display_name":"Wesleyan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05h7xva58","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100538780"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Amr Alhossary","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chemistry Department, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chemistry Department, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100538780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020799928","display_name":"Tamer Mansour","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4747-4241"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159247623","display_name":"Mansoura University","ror":"https://ror.org/01k8vtd75","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159247623"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}],"countries":["EG","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tamer Mansour","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Clinical Pathology, College of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt","Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Clinical Pathology, College of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159247623"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009434659","display_name":"Diogo Pellegrina","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6423-5093"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32625721","display_name":"University of Saskatchewan","ror":"https://ror.org/010x8gc63","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32625721"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Diogo Pellagrina","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vaccine and Infectious Diseases Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6423-5093","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vaccine and Infectious Diseases Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32625721"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058501977","display_name":"Kumar Selvarajoo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0314-9666"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148498","display_name":"Bioinformatics Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/044w3nw43","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I2801752549","https://openalex.org/I4210148498"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kumar Selvarajoo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bioinformatics Institute (BII), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Republic of Singapore","School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore, Republic of Singapore","Synthetic Biology Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Republic of Singapore","Synthetic Biology for Clinical and Technological Innovation (SynCTI), National University of Singapore (NUS), Centre for Life Sciences #02-07, Singapore, Republic of Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bioinformatics Institute (BII), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Republic of Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I4210148498"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore, Republic of Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Synthetic Biology Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Republic of Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Synthetic Biology for Clinical and Technological Innovation (SynCTI), National University of Singapore (NUS), Centre for Life Sciences #02-07, Singapore, Republic of Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5009434659","https://openalex.org/A5020799928","https://openalex.org/A5058501977","https://openalex.org/A5062774172","https://openalex.org/A5089050646","https://openalex.org/A5089380873"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100538780","https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I159247623","https://openalex.org/I165932596","https://openalex.org/I172675005","https://openalex.org/I32625721","https://openalex.org/I4210148498","https://openalex.org/I4210150572","https://openalex.org/I84218800"],"apc_list":{"value":2655,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2655},"apc_paid":{"value":2655,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2655},"fwci":2.6133,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91250496,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"10","first_page":"e1013588","last_page":"e1013588"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.13230000436306,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.13230000436306,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11804","display_name":"Quantum many-body systems","score":0.04740000143647194,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11986","display_name":"Scientific Computing and Data Management","score":0.029100000858306885,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.6837999820709229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-grammar","display_name":"Generative grammar","score":0.5677000284194946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-model","display_name":"Generative model","score":0.367000013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-life","display_name":"Artificial life","score":0.2353000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medline","display_name":"MEDLINE","score":0.22699999809265137}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.6837999820709229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6471999883651733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6000000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.5677000284194946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167966045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532625","display_name":"Generative model","level":3,"score":0.367000013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3303999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.27709999680519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19273510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q263847","display_name":"Artificial life","level":2,"score":0.2353000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.22699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.21240000426769257}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1013588","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1013588","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86033158","display_name":"PLoS Computational Biology","issn_l":"1553-734X","issn":["1553-734X","1553-7358"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS Computational Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41150680","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41150680","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLoS computational biology","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a75db0f34fed44409a97612a041bc097","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a75db0f34fed44409a97612a041bc097","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PLoS Computational Biology, Vol 21, Iss 10, p e1013588 (2025)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dr.ntu.edu.sg:10356/208238","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10356/208238","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402609","display_name":"DR-NTU (Nanyang Technological University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","host_organization_name":"Nanyang Technological University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:11370888","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12561928","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1013588","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1013588","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86033158","display_name":"PLoS Computational Biology","issn_l":"1553-734X","issn":["1553-734X","1553-7358"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS Computational Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2804142383","https://openalex.org/W2911489562","https://openalex.org/W3046375318","https://openalex.org/W3177828909","https://openalex.org/W4205773061","https://openalex.org/W4229051371","https://openalex.org/W4313453502","https://openalex.org/W4317390716","https://openalex.org/W4318035272","https://openalex.org/W4318263917","https://openalex.org/W4323531772","https://openalex.org/W4323835264","https://openalex.org/W4385689343","https://openalex.org/W4390862268","https://openalex.org/W4391899687","https://openalex.org/W4400270729","https://openalex.org/W4400585815","https://openalex.org/W4405042800","https://openalex.org/W4413902283"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Modern":[0],"AI":[1,11,33],"technologies":[2],"leverage":[3],"natural":[4],"language":[5,19,23,40,73,86],"processing":[6],"(NLP),":[7],"a":[8],"subfield":[9],"of":[10,32,58],"dedicated":[12],"to":[13],"understanding,":[14],"interpreting,":[15],"and":[16,48,68,75,81],"generating":[17],"human":[18],"for":[20,72,85],"developing":[21],"large":[22],"models":[24,36,64,78],"(LLMs),":[25],"which":[26],"have":[27],"significantly":[28],"advanced":[29],"the":[30,62,76],"capabilities":[31],"systems.":[34],"These":[35],"can":[37],"perform":[38],"complex":[39],"tasks":[41],"such":[42],"as":[43],"text":[44],"generation,":[45],"summarization,":[46],"translation,":[47],"sentiment":[49],"analysis,":[50],"with":[51],"unprecedented":[52],"accuracy.":[53],"The":[54],"two":[55],"main":[56],"kinds":[57],"pre-training":[59],"LLMs":[60],"are":[61],"BERT-like":[63],"(e.g.,":[65,79],"BioBERT,":[66],"proteinBERT,":[67],"PubMedBERT":[69],"used":[70,83],"primarily":[71,84],"understanding;":[74],"GPT-like":[77],"BioGPT":[80],"ChatGPT-4o)":[82],"generation":[87]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-07T13:39:58.223016","created_date":"2025-10-28T00:00:00"}
