{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411339865","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1013178","title":"Uncovering the impact of randomness in HIV hotspot formation: A mathematical modeling study","display_name":"Uncovering the impact of randomness in HIV hotspot formation: A mathematical modeling study","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411339865","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1013178","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40523005"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1013178","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1013178","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86033158","display_name":"PLoS Computational Biology","issn_l":"1553-734X","issn":["1553-734X","1553-7358"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS Computational Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1013178","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054485522","display_name":"Nao Yamamoto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3131-2368"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57206974","display_name":"New York University","ror":"https://ror.org/0190ak572","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nao Yamamoto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085283623","display_name":"Daniel Citron","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1282-4176"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57206974","display_name":"New York University","ror":"https://ror.org/0190ak572","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel T. Citron","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010701609","display_name":"Samuel Mwalili","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9703-6514"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samuel M. Mwalili","raw_affiliation_strings":["Strathmore University, Ole Sangale Road, Nairobi, Kenya"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Strathmore University, Ole Sangale Road, Nairobi, Kenya","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031627262","display_name":"Duncan Kioi Gathungu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4447-2734"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26805570","display_name":"Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/015h5sy57","country_code":"KE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26805570"]}],"countries":["KE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Duncan K. Gathungu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya","Strathmore University, Ole Sangale Road, Nairobi, Kenya"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26805570"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Strathmore University, Ole Sangale Road, Nairobi, Kenya","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014611351","display_name":"Diego F. Cuadros","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7060-4203"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Diego F. Cuadros","raw_affiliation_strings":["Digital Epidemiology Laboratory, Digital Futures, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digital Epidemiology Laboratory, Digital Futures, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058436429","display_name":"Anna Bershteyn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6604-7093"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57206974","display_name":"New York University","ror":"https://ror.org/0190ak572","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anna Bershteyn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5054485522"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"],"apc_list":{"value":2655,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2655},"apc_paid":{"value":2655,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2655},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.20153005,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"6","first_page":"e1013178","last_page":"e1013178"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11860","display_name":"HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11860","display_name":"HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10082","display_name":"HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions","score":0.9934999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10327","display_name":"Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outlier","display_name":"Outlier","score":0.6711298227310181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/randomness","display_name":"Randomness","score":0.6485458612442017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demography","display_name":"Demography","score":0.59071946144104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.4538728594779968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/community-structure","display_name":"Community structure","score":0.43297791481018066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.4326431453227997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-immunodeficiency-virus","display_name":"Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)","score":0.41816338896751404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.38033249974250793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/econometrics","display_name":"Econometrics","score":0.33165860176086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.32600903511047363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.3212006688117981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.2930452227592468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.25468218326568604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.23224538564682007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunology","display_name":"Immunology","score":0.17249897122383118}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79337645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q779824","display_name":"Outlier","level":2,"score":0.6711298227310181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125112378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176640","display_name":"Randomness","level":2,"score":0.6485458612442017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.59071946144104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.4538728594779968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133079900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5155065","display_name":"Community structure","level":2,"score":0.43297791481018066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.4326431453227997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3013748606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15787","display_name":"Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)","level":2,"score":0.41816338896751404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.38033249974250793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.33165860176086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.32600903511047363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3212006688117981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.2930452227592468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.25468218326568604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.23224538564682007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.17249897122383118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007630","descriptor_name":"Kenya","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007630","descriptor_name":"Kenya","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007630","descriptor_name":"Kenya","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007630","descriptor_name":"Kenya","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015658","descriptor_name":"HIV Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015658","descriptor_name":"HIV Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015658","descriptor_name":"HIV Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015658","descriptor_name":"HIV Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015658","descriptor_name":"HIV Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000635","qualifier_name":"transmission","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015658","descriptor_name":"HIV Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000635","qualifier_name":"transmission","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015658","descriptor_name":"HIV Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000635","qualifier_name":"transmission","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015658","descriptor_name":"HIV Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000635","qualifier_name":"transmission","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015994","descriptor_name":"Incidence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015994","descriptor_name":"Incidence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015994","descriptor_name":"Incidence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015994","descriptor_name":"Incidence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015995","descriptor_name":"Prevalence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015995","descriptor_name":"Prevalence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015995","descriptor_name":"Prevalence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015995","descriptor_name":"Prevalence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019295","descriptor_name":"Computational Biology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019295","descriptor_name":"Computational Biology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019295","descriptor_name":"Computational Biology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019295","descriptor_name":"Computational Biology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058872","descriptor_name":"Epidemics","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058872","descriptor_name":"Epidemics","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058872","descriptor_name":"Epidemics","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058872","descriptor_name":"Epidemics","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1013178","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1013178","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86033158","display_name":"PLoS Computational Biology","issn_l":"1553-734X","issn":["1553-734X","1553-7358"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS Computational Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:40523005","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40523005","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLoS computational biology","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0dd4a996eb264c0db20c1efb5875dc08","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0dd4a996eb264c0db20c1efb5875dc08","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PLoS Computational Biology, Vol 21, Iss 6, p e1013178 (2025)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12201661","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12201661","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PLoS Comput Biol","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1013178","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1013178","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86033158","display_name":"PLoS Computational Biology","issn_l":"1553-734X","issn":["1553-734X","1553-7358"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS Computational Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8399999737739563}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":78,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1967703625","https://openalex.org/W1975726953","https://openalex.org/W1983539485","https://openalex.org/W1989943215","https://openalex.org/W2000302499","https://openalex.org/W2008351212","https://openalex.org/W2017588974","https://openalex.org/W2019559865","https://openalex.org/W2020113255","https://openalex.org/W2022410239","https://openalex.org/W2034864625","https://openalex.org/W2036452432","https://openalex.org/W2052338330","https://openalex.org/W2073627497","https://openalex.org/W2078206416","https://openalex.org/W2089879364","https://openalex.org/W2101587489","https://openalex.org/W2102548029","https://openalex.org/W2104051084","https://openalex.org/W2118183814","https://openalex.org/W2119835296","https://openalex.org/W2130534965","https://openalex.org/W2134297054","https://openalex.org/W2140083708","https://openalex.org/W2143071104","https://openalex.org/W2143124392","https://openalex.org/W2151056519","https://openalex.org/W2154018510","https://openalex.org/W2154481101","https://openalex.org/W2163523004","https://openalex.org/W2164423040","https://openalex.org/W2165847151","https://openalex.org/W2178440867","https://openalex.org/W2292400861","https://openalex.org/W2469408700","https://openalex.org/W2509528234","https://openalex.org/W2577963799","https://openalex.org/W2600593644","https://openalex.org/W2607754171","https://openalex.org/W2743763089","https://openalex.org/W2745761527","https://openalex.org/W2768299619","https://openalex.org/W2768503698","https://openalex.org/W2780546879","https://openalex.org/W2792797040","https://openalex.org/W2795767464","https://openalex.org/W2799958153","https://openalex.org/W2834682931","https://openalex.org/W2884876183","https://openalex.org/W2903911602","https://openalex.org/W2924287205","https://openalex.org/W2946597534","https://openalex.org/W3007548335","https://openalex.org/W3013594674","https://openalex.org/W3014680059","https://openalex.org/W3029878358","https://openalex.org/W3039232656","https://openalex.org/W3094645941","https://openalex.org/W3112829342","https://openalex.org/W3122654638","https://openalex.org/W3129814013","https://openalex.org/W3138672181","https://openalex.org/W3167748842","https://openalex.org/W3207123355","https://openalex.org/W3212494403","https://openalex.org/W4210385936","https://openalex.org/W4223895002","https://openalex.org/W4224255755","https://openalex.org/W4283331037","https://openalex.org/W4285087345","https://openalex.org/W4289704798","https://openalex.org/W4290803773","https://openalex.org/W4291282664","https://openalex.org/W4307508755","https://openalex.org/W4312016830","https://openalex.org/W4377043869","https://openalex.org/W4399379376","https://openalex.org/W4406794056"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3034924094","https://openalex.org/W3094954546","https://openalex.org/W1488708774","https://openalex.org/W1982811510","https://openalex.org/W4391100477","https://openalex.org/W2402189625","https://openalex.org/W4327779705","https://openalex.org/W4310560702","https://openalex.org/W1513698804","https://openalex.org/W2029712093"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Early":[0],"random":[1],"fluctuations":[2],"contribute":[3],"to":[4],"the":[5,17],"emergence":[6],"and":[7,48,53],"persistence":[8],"of":[9,19],"prevalence":[10,22],"outliers,":[11],"especially":[12],"in":[13,21,25],"smaller":[14],"communities.":[15],"Recognizing":[16],"role":[18],"randomness":[20],"outlier":[23],"formation":[24],"these":[26,40],"settings":[27],"is":[28],"crucial":[29],"for":[30,51],"refining":[31],"HIV":[32,52],"control":[33],"strategies,":[34],"as":[35],"traditional":[36],"methods":[37],"may":[38],"overlook":[39],"areas.":[41],"Adaptive":[42],"surveillance":[43],"systems":[44],"can":[45],"enhance":[46],"detection":[47],"intervention":[49],"efforts":[50],"future":[54],"pandemics.":[55]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}