{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390401013","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011716","title":"Recurrence risk stratification of hepatocellular carcinomas based on immune gene expression and features extracted from pathological images","display_name":"Recurrence risk stratification of hepatocellular carcinomas based on immune gene expression and features extracted from pathological images","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-12-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390401013","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011716","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38157378"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011716","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011716","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011716&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86033158","display_name":"PLoS Computational Biology","issn_l":"1553-734X","issn":["1553-734X","1553-7358"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS Computational Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011716&type=printable","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065522370","display_name":"Tao Ding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0565-2035"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tao Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Statistical Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Statistical Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100375315","display_name":"Xiao Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9358-1136"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Product Development Personalized Healthcare, Genentech, San Francisco, California, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Product Development Personalized Healthcare, Genentech, San Francisco, California, United States of America","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112516630","display_name":"Jiu Mo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119273862","display_name":"Central South University of Forestry and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02czw2k81","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119273862"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jiu Mo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119273862","https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088934982","display_name":"Gregory S. Alexander","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1907-7828"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gregory Alexander","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mathematical Statistician Consultant, San Francisco, California, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mathematical Statistician Consultant, San Francisco, California, United States of America","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108050360","display_name":"Jialu Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6411-6876"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jialu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mathematical Statistician Consultant, San Francisco, California, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6411-6876","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mathematical Statistician Consultant, San Francisco, California, United States of America","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5065522370","https://openalex.org/A5088934982","https://openalex.org/A5100375315","https://openalex.org/A5108050360","https://openalex.org/A5112516630"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119273862","https://openalex.org/I139660479","https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"apc_list":{"value":2655,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2655},"apc_paid":{"value":2655,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2655},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.44925495,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"12","first_page":"e1011716","last_page":"e1011716"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11297","display_name":"Ferroptosis and cancer prognosis","score":0.5245000123977661,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11297","display_name":"Ferroptosis and cancer prognosis","score":0.5245000123977661,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10073","display_name":"Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment and Prognosis","score":0.14409999549388885,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2721","display_name":"Hepatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10158","display_name":"Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers","score":0.07919999957084656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hepatocellular-carcinoma","display_name":"Hepatocellular carcinoma","score":0.7686600685119629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immune-system","display_name":"Immune system","score":0.5937008261680603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oncology","display_name":"Oncology","score":0.49363839626312256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-stratification","display_name":"Risk stratification","score":0.4833957254886627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pathological","display_name":"Pathological","score":0.46381112933158875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/framingham-risk-score","display_name":"Framingham Risk Score","score":0.41376882791519165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine","display_name":"Internal medicine","score":0.41189080476760864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.38579851388931274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bioinformatics","display_name":"Bioinformatics","score":0.36519378423690796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-biology","display_name":"Computational biology","score":0.3624112904071808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.3461565673351288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease","display_name":"Disease","score":0.26308637857437134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunology","display_name":"Immunology","score":0.18727052211761475}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778019345","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148337","display_name":"Hepatocellular carcinoma","level":2,"score":0.7686600685119629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.5937008261680603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143998085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162555","display_name":"Oncology","level":1,"score":0.49363839626312256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020404979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058438","display_name":"Risk stratification","level":2,"score":0.4833957254886627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207886595","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1456138","display_name":"Pathological","level":2,"score":0.46381112933158875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11783203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5478027","display_name":"Framingham Risk Score","level":3,"score":0.41376882791519165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.41189080476760864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.38579851388931274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60644358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128570","display_name":"Bioinformatics","level":1,"score":0.36519378423690796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.3624112904071808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3461565673351288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.26308637857437134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.18727052211761475}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006528","descriptor_name":"Carcinoma, Hepatocellular","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006528","descriptor_name":"Carcinoma, Hepatocellular","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006528","descriptor_name":"Carcinoma, Hepatocellular","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006528","descriptor_name":"Carcinoma, Hepatocellular","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006528","descriptor_name":"Carcinoma, Hepatocellular","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008113","descriptor_name":"Liver Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008113","descriptor_name":"Liver Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008113","descriptor_name":"Liver Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008113","descriptor_name":"Liver Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008113","descriptor_name":"Liver Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015415","descriptor_name":"Biomarkers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015415","descriptor_name":"Biomarkers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015415","descriptor_name":"Biomarkers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015415","descriptor_name":"Biomarkers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015415","descriptor_name":"Biomarkers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015870","descriptor_name":"Gene Expression","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015870","descriptor_name":"Gene Expression","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015870","descriptor_name":"Gene Expression","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015870","descriptor_name":"Gene Expression","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015870","descriptor_name":"Gene Expression","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018570","descriptor_name":"Risk Assessment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018570","descriptor_name":"Risk Assessment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018570","descriptor_name":"Risk Assessment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018570","descriptor_name":"Risk Assessment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018570","descriptor_name":"Risk Assessment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D059016","descriptor_name":"Tumor Microenvironment","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D059016","descriptor_name":"Tumor Microenvironment","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D059016","descriptor_name":"Tumor Microenvironment","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D059016","descriptor_name":"Tumor Microenvironment","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D059016","descriptor_name":"Tumor Microenvironment","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011716","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011716","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011716&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86033158","display_name":"PLoS Computational Biology","issn_l":"1553-734X","issn":["1553-734X","1553-7358"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS Computational Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:38157378","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38157378","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLoS computational biology","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10783785","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10783785","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10783785/pdf/pcbi.1011716.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PLoS Comput Biol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:plo:pcbi00:1011716","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011716","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1c5c6790cf0041d797d9bfef3d3364c2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1c5c6790cf0041d797d9bfef3d3364c2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PLoS Computational Biology, Vol 19, Iss 12, p e1011716 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011716","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011716","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011716&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86033158","display_name":"PLoS Computational Biology","issn_l":"1553-734X","issn":["1553-734X","1553-7358"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS Computational Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.6100000143051147}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5208986151","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"3210063","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322990","display_name":"Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/011ashp19"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322999","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331088","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation for Young Scientists of Shanxi Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332749","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","ror":"https://ror.org/0072zz521"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335305","display_name":"School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335581","display_name":"Young Scientists Fund","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4390401013.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4390401013.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1597336200","https://openalex.org/W1889335134","https://openalex.org/W1969489445","https://openalex.org/W1977268696","https://openalex.org/W2005397767","https://openalex.org/W2070050178","https://openalex.org/W2081871084","https://openalex.org/W2082538443","https://openalex.org/W2094919948","https://openalex.org/W2101113740","https://openalex.org/W2107018762","https://openalex.org/W2107060225","https://openalex.org/W2114104545","https://openalex.org/W2116240199","https://openalex.org/W2123664981","https://openalex.org/W2129925362","https://openalex.org/W2130410032","https://openalex.org/W2133059825","https://openalex.org/W2145025818","https://openalex.org/W2149199519","https://openalex.org/W2333367339","https://openalex.org/W2625559053","https://openalex.org/W2767128594","https://openalex.org/W2788142646","https://openalex.org/W2795334950","https://openalex.org/W2795989238","https://openalex.org/W2820434479","https://openalex.org/W2920895864","https://openalex.org/W2922204263","https://openalex.org/W2942610007","https://openalex.org/W2999160028","https://openalex.org/W3000129002","https://openalex.org/W3005127469","https://openalex.org/W3007604420","https://openalex.org/W3023954831","https://openalex.org/W3024126283","https://openalex.org/W3025022288","https://openalex.org/W3029736266","https://openalex.org/W3035290865","https://openalex.org/W3045387409","https://openalex.org/W3087223457","https://openalex.org/W3090926208","https://openalex.org/W3093964219","https://openalex.org/W3097158773","https://openalex.org/W3134770865","https://openalex.org/W3166753505","https://openalex.org/W3212903603","https://openalex.org/W4210774372","https://openalex.org/W4210955410","https://openalex.org/W4213062169","https://openalex.org/W4309698081","https://openalex.org/W4377010987"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2417822880","https://openalex.org/W2809701302","https://openalex.org/W628600844","https://openalex.org/W1570838273","https://openalex.org/W2410885201","https://openalex.org/W2385390897","https://openalex.org/W3172842848","https://openalex.org/W2418745692","https://openalex.org/W2800415451","https://openalex.org/W2404951810"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Immune-based":[1],"therapy":[2],"is":[3,55],"a":[4,109,134,239,282,286,290,346,389],"promising":[5],"type":[6],"of":[7,32,40,62,82,111,137,169,257,264,270,318,349,362,417,431,450],"treatment":[8],"for":[9,52,368,376,396],"hepatocellular":[10],"carcinoma":[11],"(HCC)":[12],"but":[13],"has":[14],"only":[15],"been":[16],"partially":[17],"successful":[18],"due":[19],"to":[20,46,58,133,175,255,297,339,393],"the":[21,30,38,60,79,88,104,115,164,166,190,207,222,230,245,277,303,319,334,340,369,414,429,447,451],"high":[22],"heterogeneity":[23],"in":[24,29,37,98,337,355,425],"HCC":[25,397],"tumor.":[26],"The":[27,235,306,422],"differences":[28],"degree":[31],"tumor":[33,41,266,356],"cell":[34],"progression":[35],"and":[36,91,139,185,199,214,360],"activity":[39],"immune":[42,83,216,350,357,419],"microenvironment":[43],"could":[44,280],"lead":[45],"varied":[47],"clinical":[48,93],"outcome.":[49,105],"Accurate":[50],"subgrouping":[51],"recurrence":[53],"risk":[54,89,148,192,208,278,284,308,439],"an":[56],"approach":[57],"address":[59],"issue":[61],"such":[63],"heterogeneity.":[64],"It":[65],"remains":[66],"under":[67],"investigation":[68],"as":[69,253,411,413],"whether":[70,92],"integrating":[71],"quantitative":[72],"whole":[73],"slide":[74],"image":[75,154],"(WSI)":[76],"features":[77,141,155],"with":[78,156,206,345,442],"expression":[80,167,415],"profile":[81,168],"marker":[84,172,217,420],"genes":[85,173,218],"can":[86,96,403],"improve":[87],"stratification,":[90,285],"outcome":[94],"prediction":[95,227,242],"assist":[97],"understanding":[99],"molecular":[100,203],"biology":[101],"that":[102,276,317,373,402,435],"drives":[103],"METHODS:":[106],"We":[107,160,179,387],"included":[108],"total":[110],"231":[112],"patients":[113,182,321,342],"from":[114,145,195,407],"Cancer":[116],"Genome":[117],"Atlas":[118],"Liver":[119],"Hepatocellular":[120],"Carcinoma":[121],"(TCGA-LIHC)":[122],"project.":[123],"For":[124],"each":[125],"patient,":[126],"we":[127],"extracted":[128,406],"18":[129],"statistical":[130],"metrics":[131],"corresponding":[132],"global":[135],"region":[136],"interest":[138],"135":[140],"regarding":[142],"nucleus":[143],"shape":[144],"WSI.":[146],"A":[147],"score":[149,193,237,279,298],"was":[150,293],"developed":[151,388],"using":[152,399],"these":[153],"high-dimensional":[157],"survival":[158,225],"modeling.":[159],"also":[161],"introduced":[162],"into":[163,183,221,446],"model":[165,228,392],"66":[170],"representative":[171],"relevant":[174],"currently":[176],"available":[177],"immunotherapies.":[178],"stratified":[180],"all":[181],"higher":[184],"lower-risk":[186,287,341],"subgroup":[187,288,309,371],"based":[188],"on":[189,244],"final":[191,223],"selected":[194,220],"multiple":[196],"models":[197,434],"generated,":[198],"further":[200],"investigated":[201],"underlying":[202,448],"mechanisms":[204],"associated":[205],"stratification.":[209],"RESULTS:":[210],"One":[211],"WSI":[212],"feature":[213,401],"three":[215,418],"were":[219,343],"recurrence-free":[224],"(RFS)":[226],"following":[229],"best":[231],"integrated":[232],"modeling":[233],"framework.":[234],"resultant":[236],"showed":[238],"significantly":[240,311],"improved":[241],"performance":[243],"test":[246,330],"dataset":[247],"(mean":[248],"time-dependent":[249,262],"AUCs":[250,263],"=":[251,268,324],"0.707)":[252],"compared":[254],"those":[256],"other":[258],"types":[259],"(e.g:":[260],"mean":[261],"AJCC":[265],"stage":[267],"0.525)":[269],"input":[271],"data":[272],"integration.":[273],"To":[274],"assess":[275],"provide":[281,436],"higher-resolution":[283],"(or":[289,301],"higher-risk":[291,320,335,370],"subgroup)":[292],"arbitrarily":[294],"assigned":[295],"according":[296],"falling":[299],"below":[300],"above)":[302],"median":[304,313],"score.":[305],"lower":[307],"had":[310],"longer":[312],"RFS":[314,323,395],"time":[315],"than":[316],"(median":[322],"903":[325],"vs.":[326],"265":[327],"days,":[328],"log-rank":[329],"p-value<":[331],"0.0001).":[332],"Additionally,":[333],"subgroup,":[336],"contrast":[338],"characterized":[344],"significant":[347],"downregulation":[348],"checkpoint":[351],"genes,":[352],"suppressive":[353],"signal":[354],"response":[358],"pathways,":[359],"depletion":[361],"CD8":[363],"T":[364],"cells.":[365],"These":[366],"observations":[367],"suggest":[372],"new":[374],"targets":[375],"adoptive":[377],"or":[378],"checkpoint-based":[379],"combined":[380],"systemic":[381],"therapies":[382],"may":[383],"be":[384,404],"useful.":[385],"CONCLUSION:":[386],"novel":[390],"prognostic":[391,433],"predict":[394],"patients,":[398],"one":[400],"automatically":[405],"routine":[408],"histopathological":[409],"images,":[410],"well":[412],"profiles":[416],"genes.":[421],"methodology":[423],"used":[424],"this":[426],"paper":[427],"demonstrates":[428],"feasibility":[430],"developing":[432],"both":[437],"useful":[438],"stratification":[440],"along":[441],"valuable":[443],"biological":[444],"insights":[445],"characteristics":[449],"subgroups":[452],"identified.":[453]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}