{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4388451915","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011574","title":"Inferring causal connectivity from pairwise recordings and optogenetics","display_name":"Inferring causal connectivity from pairwise recordings and optogenetics","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-11-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4388451915","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011574","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37934793"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011574","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011574","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86033158","display_name":"PLoS Computational Biology","issn_l":"1553-734X","issn":["1553-734X","1553-7358"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS Computational Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011574","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076471339","display_name":"Mikkel Elle Lepper\u00f8d","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4262-5549"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184942183","display_name":"University of Oslo","ror":"https://ror.org/01xtthb56","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799829267","display_name":"Simula Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/00vn06n10","country_code":"NO","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799829267"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mikkel Elle Lepper\u00f8d","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway","Simula Research Laboratory, Oslo, Norway"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4262-5549","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Simula Research Laboratory, Oslo, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799829267"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088701022","display_name":"Tristan M. St\u00f6ber","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3853-0608"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114090438","display_name":"Goethe University Frankfurt","ror":"https://ror.org/04cvxnb49","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114090438"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799829267","display_name":"Simula Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/00vn06n10","country_code":"NO","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799829267"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I904495901","display_name":"Ruhr University Bochum","ror":"https://ror.org/04tsk2644","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I904495901"]}],"countries":["DE","NO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tristan St\u00f6ber","raw_affiliation_strings":["Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany","Institute for Neural Computation, Faculty of Computer Science, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany","Simula Research Laboratory, Oslo, Norway"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3853-0608","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114090438"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Neural Computation, Faculty of Computer Science, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I904495901"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Simula Research Laboratory, Oslo, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799829267"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055001344","display_name":"Torkel Hafting","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0928-3487"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184942183","display_name":"University of Oslo","ror":"https://ror.org/01xtthb56","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Torkel Hafting","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0928-3487","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011330036","display_name":"Marianne Fyhn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0808-4555"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184942183","display_name":"University of Oslo","ror":"https://ror.org/01xtthb56","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799829267","display_name":"Simula Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/00vn06n10","country_code":"NO","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799829267"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Marianne Fyhn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway","Simula Research Laboratory, Oslo, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Simula Research Laboratory, Oslo, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799829267"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072047827","display_name":"Konrad P. K\u00f6rding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8408-4499"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Konrad Paul Kording","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011330036","https://openalex.org/A5055001344","https://openalex.org/A5072047827","https://openalex.org/A5076471339","https://openalex.org/A5088701022"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114090438","https://openalex.org/I184942183","https://openalex.org/I2799829267","https://openalex.org/I79576946","https://openalex.org/I904495901"],"apc_list":{"value":2655,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2655},"apc_paid":{"value":2655,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2655},"fwci":2.0445,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86909381,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"11","first_page":"e1011574","last_page":"e1011574"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12236","display_name":"Photoreceptor and optogenetics research","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10241","display_name":"Functional Brain Connectivity Studies","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optogenetics","display_name":"Optogenetics","score":0.8296616077423096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pairwise-comparison","display_name":"Pairwise comparison","score":0.7378349900245667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-biology","display_name":"Computational biology","score":0.43942925333976746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4333701431751251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.42219191789627075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.4006655514240265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.3826284110546112}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50738837","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q781492","display_name":"Optogenetics","level":2,"score":0.8296616077423096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184898388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1435712","display_name":"Pairwise comparison","level":2,"score":0.7378349900245667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.43942925333976746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4333701431751251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.42219191789627075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.4006655514240265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3826284110546112}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009474","descriptor_name":"Neurons","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009474","descriptor_name":"Neurons","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009474","descriptor_name":"Neurons","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009474","descriptor_name":"Neurons","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009474","descriptor_name":"Neurons","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009474","descriptor_name":"Neurons","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009474","descriptor_name":"Neurons","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015984","descriptor_name":"Causality","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015984","descriptor_name":"Causality","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015984","descriptor_name":"Causality","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015984","descriptor_name":"Causality","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015984","descriptor_name":"Causality","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015984","descriptor_name":"Causality","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015984","descriptor_name":"Causality","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055355","descriptor_name":"Opsins","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055355","descriptor_name":"Opsins","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055355","descriptor_name":"Opsins","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055355","descriptor_name":"Opsins","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055355","descriptor_name":"Opsins","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055355","descriptor_name":"Opsins","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055355","descriptor_name":"Opsins","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D062308","descriptor_name":"Optogenetics","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D062308","descriptor_name":"Optogenetics","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D062308","descriptor_name":"Optogenetics","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D062308","descriptor_name":"Optogenetics","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D062308","descriptor_name":"Optogenetics","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D062308","descriptor_name":"Optogenetics","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D062308","descriptor_name":"Optogenetics","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011574","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011574","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86033158","display_name":"PLoS Computational Biology","issn_l":"1553-734X","issn":["1553-734X","1553-7358"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS Computational Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:37934793","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37934793","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLoS computational biology","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10656035","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10656035","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10656035/pdf/pcbi.1011574.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PLoS Comput Biol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8e56280f76b24719a7b2878e2a0023fe","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8e56280f76b24719a7b2878e2a0023fe","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PLoS Computational Biology, Vol 19, Iss 11, p e1011574 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.duo.uio.no:10852/108078","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10852/108078","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401717","display_name":"Duo Research Archive (University of Oslo)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I184942183","host_organization_name":"University of Oslo","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"1553-734X","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011574","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011574","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86033158","display_name":"PLoS Computational Biology","issn_l":"1553-734X","issn":["1553-734X","1553-7358"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS Computational Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3200173757","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01MH103910","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G388406880","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"300504","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323299","funder_display_name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4826594729","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"231248","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323299","funder_display_name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309370","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323260","display_name":"Universitetet i Oslo","ror":"https://ror.org/01xtthb56"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323299","display_name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d","ror":"https://ror.org/00epmv149"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":64,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W582034398","https://openalex.org/W1591992744","https://openalex.org/W1825044724","https://openalex.org/W1963598891","https://openalex.org/W1977541636","https://openalex.org/W1988384534","https://openalex.org/W1988758873","https://openalex.org/W1998653759","https://openalex.org/W2010600019","https://openalex.org/W2013927030","https://openalex.org/W2018760402","https://openalex.org/W2019035443","https://openalex.org/W2026920679","https://openalex.org/W2044105590","https://openalex.org/W2049910836","https://openalex.org/W2069519142","https://openalex.org/W2080040321","https://openalex.org/W2083694956","https://openalex.org/W2087185095","https://openalex.org/W2112455917","https://openalex.org/W2116531552","https://openalex.org/W2119070939","https://openalex.org/W2124852332","https://openalex.org/W2127389037","https://openalex.org/W2131181615","https://openalex.org/W2132557528","https://openalex.org/W2143891888","https://openalex.org/W2144865900","https://openalex.org/W2147238273","https://openalex.org/W2147270524","https://openalex.org/W2151226328","https://openalex.org/W2152564840","https://openalex.org/W2154000159","https://openalex.org/W2155163959","https://openalex.org/W2160961804","https://openalex.org/W2160999198","https://openalex.org/W2167095271","https://openalex.org/W2188850810","https://openalex.org/W2293817841","https://openalex.org/W2295048429","https://openalex.org/W2485511763","https://openalex.org/W2508363096","https://openalex.org/W2581259096","https://openalex.org/W2604272474","https://openalex.org/W2756497902","https://openalex.org/W2761083746","https://openalex.org/W2767513918","https://openalex.org/W2791461106","https://openalex.org/W2885305518","https://openalex.org/W2900917686","https://openalex.org/W2951107471","https://openalex.org/W2991573834","https://openalex.org/W3083658372","https://openalex.org/W3120903090","https://openalex.org/W3122958054","https://openalex.org/W3125009572","https://openalex.org/W4206836245","https://openalex.org/W4221019405","https://openalex.org/W4225898070","https://openalex.org/W4229737049","https://openalex.org/W4231081240","https://openalex.org/W4245474015","https://openalex.org/W4367841728","https://openalex.org/W6671520704"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2802231275","https://openalex.org/W1987269193","https://openalex.org/W642420035","https://openalex.org/W3096957045","https://openalex.org/W4206477879","https://openalex.org/W2913368251","https://openalex.org/W2435758087","https://openalex.org/W2271615357","https://openalex.org/W87499999","https://openalex.org/W4206570293"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"understand":[1],"the":[2,20,27,42,61,67,78,122,129,134,139,172],"neural":[3,45,143,169],"mechanisms":[4],"underlying":[5],"brain":[6],"function,":[7],"neuroscientists":[8],"aim":[9],"to":[10,73,167],"quantify":[11],"causal":[12,79,162],"interactions":[13,170],"between":[14,131],"neurons,":[15],"for":[16],"instance":[17],"by":[18,99,120],"perturbing":[19],"activity":[21,35],"of":[22,44,60,138],"neuron":[23,30,34,69],"A":[24],"and":[25,104,133,153],"measuring":[26],"effect":[28],"on":[29],"B.":[31],"Recently,":[32],"manipulating":[33],"using":[36,48,149],"light-sensitive":[37],"opsins,":[38],"optogenetics,":[39],"has":[40],"increased":[41],"specificity":[43],"perturbation.":[46],"However,":[47],"widefield":[49],"optogenetic":[50],"interventions,":[51],"multiple":[52],"neurons":[53,63,76],"are":[54],"usually":[55],"perturbed,":[56],"producing":[57],"a":[58],"confound-any":[59],"stimulated":[62],"can":[64,96,115,164],"have":[65],"affected":[66],"postsynaptic":[68],"making":[70],"it":[71],"challenging":[72],"discern":[74],"which":[75],"produced":[77],"effect.":[80],"Here,":[81],"we":[82,145],"show":[83],"how":[84,94],"such":[85],"confounds":[86],"produce":[87],"large":[88],"biases":[89],"in":[90,106,171],"interpretations.":[91],"We":[92],"explain":[93],"confounding":[95],"be":[97,165],"reduced":[98],"combining":[100],"instrumental":[101],"variables":[102],"(IV)":[103],"difference":[105],"differences":[107],"(DiD)":[108],"techniques":[109,157],"from":[110,128,151,161],"econometrics.":[111],"Combined,":[112],"these":[113],"methods":[114,160],"estimate":[116],"(causal)":[117],"effective":[118],"connectivity":[119],"exploiting":[121],"weak,":[123],"approximately":[124],"random":[125],"signal":[126],"resulting":[127],"interaction":[130],"stimulation":[132],"absolute":[135],"refractory":[136],"period":[137],"neuron.":[140],"In":[141],"simulated":[142],"networks,":[144],"find":[146],"that":[147,159],"estimates":[148],"ideas":[150],"IV":[152],"DiD":[154],"outperform":[155],"na\u00efve":[156],"suggesting":[158],"inference":[163],"useful":[166],"disentangle":[168],"brain.":[173]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
