{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387251882","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011513","title":"Patch formation driven by stochastic effects of interaction between viruses and defective interfering particles","display_name":"Patch formation driven by stochastic effects of interaction between viruses and defective interfering particles","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387251882","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011513","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37782667"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011513","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011513","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011513&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86033158","display_name":"PLoS Computational Biology","issn_l":"1553-734X","issn":["1553-734X","1553-7358"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS Computational Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011513&type=printable","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030978972","display_name":"Qiantong Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9969-2179"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiantong Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9969-2179","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003767426","display_name":"Johnny Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2690-3155"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119109","display_name":"Indiana University Bloomington","ror":"https://ror.org/02k40bc56","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109","https://openalex.org/I592451"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Johnny Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013511350","display_name":"Wai-Tong Louis Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4572-6265"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119109","display_name":"Indiana University Bloomington","ror":"https://ror.org/02k40bc56","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109","https://openalex.org/I592451"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wai-Tong Louis Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America","Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000227094","display_name":"Wing-Cheong Lo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7771-5213"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wing-Cheong Lo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7771-5213","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000227094"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"],"apc_list":{"value":2655,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2655},"apc_paid":{"value":2655,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2655},"fwci":1.0788,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79630259,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"10","first_page":"e1011513","last_page":"e1011513"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11764","display_name":"Evolution and Genetic Dynamics","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11764","display_name":"Evolution and Genetic Dynamics","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11048","display_name":"Bacteriophages and microbial interactions","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10482","display_name":"Mathematical and Theoretical Epidemiology and Ecology Models","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virus","display_name":"Virus","score":0.7802566289901733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stochastic-modelling","display_name":"Stochastic modelling","score":0.5730382800102234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamics","display_name":"Dynamics (music)","score":0.5307526588439941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.5141634941101074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.5085116624832153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virology","display_name":"Virology","score":0.42476171255111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viral-replication","display_name":"Viral replication","score":0.42388999462127686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biological-system","display_name":"Biological system","score":0.4020681083202362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.2849714756011963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.20215511322021484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.102742999792099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.07448169589042664}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522874641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808","display_name":"Virus","level":2,"score":0.7802566289901733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127491075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7617825","display_name":"Stochastic modelling","level":2,"score":0.5730382800102234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145912823","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q113558","display_name":"Dynamics (music)","level":2,"score":0.5307526588439941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.5141634941101074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5085116624832153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.42476171255111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140704245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3933202","display_name":"Viral replication","level":3,"score":0.42388999462127686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186060115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30336093","display_name":"Biological system","level":1,"score":0.4020681083202362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2849714756011963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.20215511322021484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.102742999792099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.07448169589042664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000089783","descriptor_name":"Defective Interfering Viruses","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000089783","descriptor_name":"Defective Interfering Viruses","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000089783","descriptor_name":"Defective Interfering Viruses","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000089783","descriptor_name":"Defective Interfering Viruses","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003673","descriptor_name":"Defective Viruses","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003673","descriptor_name":"Defective Viruses","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003673","descriptor_name":"Defective Viruses","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003673","descriptor_name":"Defective Viruses","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012459","descriptor_name":"Salicylates","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014771","descriptor_name":"Virion","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014771","descriptor_name":"Virion","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014771","descriptor_name":"Virion","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014771","descriptor_name":"Virion","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014779","descriptor_name":"Virus Replication","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014779","descriptor_name":"Virus Replication","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014779","descriptor_name":"Virus Replication","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014779","descriptor_name":"Virus Replication","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011513","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011513","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011513&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86033158","display_name":"PLoS Computational Biology","issn_l":"1553-734X","issn":["1553-734X","1553-7358"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS Computational Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:37782667","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37782667","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLoS computational biology","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10569632","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10569632","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10569632/pdf/pcbi.1011513.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PLoS Comput Biol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d8de2098834248a8b7ff24670c889533","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d8de2098834248a8b7ff24670c889533","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PLoS Computational Biology, Vol 19, Iss 10, p e1011513 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/cc30a28d-3935-4b67-88af-6ac219e318b9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2031/cc30a28d-3935-4b67-88af-6ac219e318b9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055387","display_name":"CityU Scholars","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Liang, Q, Yang, J, Fan, W-T L & Lo, W-C 2023, 'Patch formation driven by stochastic effects of interaction between viruses and defective interfering particles', PLoS Computational Biology, vol. 19, no. 10, e1011513. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011513","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011513","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011513","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011513&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86033158","display_name":"PLoS Computational Biology","issn_l":"1553-734X","issn":["1553-734X","1553-7358"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS Computational Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1110848294","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"N00014-20-1-2411","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","funder_display_name":"Office of Naval Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2378406734","display_name":"Collaborative Research: MODULUS: Stochastic reaction-diffusion equations on metric graphs and spatially-resolved dynamics of virus infection spread","funder_award_id":"2152103","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3221592215","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DMS-1855417 571","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5518821347","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CityU 11301821","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309893","funder_display_name":"City University of Hong Kong"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5615852358","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DMS-1855417","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8006577219","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"N00014-20","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","funder_display_name":"Office of Naval Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8466879438","display_name":"Stochastic Systems for Interacting Populations","funder_award_id":"1855417","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8876996369","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"N00014","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","funder_display_name":"Office of Naval Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8948141043","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DMS-2152103","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309893","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321019","display_name":"University Grants Committee","ror":"https://ror.org/00djwmt25"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","display_name":"Office of Naval Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00rk2pe57"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387251882.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387251882.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1562060992","https://openalex.org/W1771360046","https://openalex.org/W1976429053","https://openalex.org/W2000183229","https://openalex.org/W2014184548","https://openalex.org/W2014903591","https://openalex.org/W2020009024","https://openalex.org/W2025692116","https://openalex.org/W2028677491","https://openalex.org/W2031837694","https://openalex.org/W2051899627","https://openalex.org/W2064059889","https://openalex.org/W2076483355","https://openalex.org/W2082823773","https://openalex.org/W2088650511","https://openalex.org/W2093788843","https://openalex.org/W2122416091","https://openalex.org/W2124252812","https://openalex.org/W2142688143","https://openalex.org/W2143884467","https://openalex.org/W2155418451","https://openalex.org/W2168573378","https://openalex.org/W2173211537","https://openalex.org/W2173356783","https://openalex.org/W2244397882","https://openalex.org/W2331304488","https://openalex.org/W2335960586","https://openalex.org/W2343188872","https://openalex.org/W2414881902","https://openalex.org/W2519274381","https://openalex.org/W2756301958","https://openalex.org/W2771412072","https://openalex.org/W2795300196","https://openalex.org/W2883402357","https://openalex.org/W2905179790","https://openalex.org/W2977134802","https://openalex.org/W2982768160","https://openalex.org/W3156841087","https://openalex.org/W3160337431","https://openalex.org/W3204810204","https://openalex.org/W6749499922"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2724817865","https://openalex.org/W2400992695","https://openalex.org/W2382944939","https://openalex.org/W2771969352","https://openalex.org/W1993066527","https://openalex.org/W4300802590","https://openalex.org/W3089663803","https://openalex.org/W1671315843","https://openalex.org/W2934102237","https://openalex.org/W2122087743"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Defective":[0],"interfering":[1],"particles":[2,6,14,179],"(DIPs)":[3],"are":[4,15],"virus-like":[5],"that":[7,170],"occur":[8],"naturally":[9],"during":[10],"virus":[11,30,88,112,121,133,143,163,178,186],"infections.":[12],"These":[13],"defective,":[16],"lacking":[17],"essential":[18],"genetic":[19],"materials":[20],"for":[21],"replication,":[22],"but":[23],"they":[24],"can":[25,172],"interact":[26],"with":[27,65],"the":[28,39,72,92,102,108,116,120,127,130,136,154,158,162,175,182,185],"wild-type":[29],"and":[31,54,77,90,96,124,129,135,164,180],"potentially":[32],"be":[33],"used":[34],"as":[35],"therapeutic":[36],"agents.":[37],"However,":[38],"effect":[40,104],"of":[41,75,87,111,119,132,138,142,161,177,184],"DIPs":[42,78,171],"on":[43],"infection":[44],"spread":[45,117,134,151,159,183],"is":[46,105],"still":[47],"unclear":[48],"due":[49],"to":[50,70,99],"complicated":[51],"stochastic":[52,97,103,139],"effects":[53],"nonlinear":[55],"spatial":[56,109,150],"dynamics.":[57],"In":[58],"this":[59],"work,":[60],"we":[61],"develop":[62],"a":[63,66],"model":[64],"new":[67],"hybrid":[68],"method":[69],"study":[71],"spatial-temporal":[73],"dynamics":[74,110],"viruses":[76],"co-infections":[79],"within":[80],"hosts.":[81],"We":[82,114],"present":[83],"two":[84],"different":[85],"scenarios":[86],"production":[89],"compare":[91,115],"results":[93,168],"from":[94],"deterministic":[95],"models":[98],"demonstrate":[100,169],"how":[101],"involved":[106],"in":[107,122,153],"transmission.":[113],"features":[118,152],"simulations":[123,146],"experiments,":[125],"including":[126,157],"formation":[128],"speed":[131],"emergence":[137],"patchy":[140],"patterns":[141],"distribution.":[144],"Our":[145],"simultaneously":[147],"capture":[148],"observed":[149],"experimental":[155],"data,":[156],"rate":[160],"its":[165],"patchiness.":[166],"The":[167],"slow":[173],"down":[174],"growth":[176],"make":[181],"more":[187],"patchy.":[188]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-05T07:39:15.569665","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
