{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4378977571","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011149","title":"Disproportionate impacts of COVID-19 in a large US city","display_name":"Disproportionate impacts of COVID-19 in a large US city","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4378977571","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011149","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37262052"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011149","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011149","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011149&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86033158","display_name":"PLoS Computational Biology","issn_l":"1553-734X","issn":["1553-734X","1553-7358"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS Computational Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011149&type=printable","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057464567","display_name":"Spencer J. Fox","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1969-3778"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165733156","display_name":"University of Georgia","ror":"https://ror.org/00te3t702","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165733156"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Spencer J. Fox","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America","Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America","Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165733156"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165733156"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165733156"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015749797","display_name":"Emily Javan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6008-0271"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Emily Javan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060720742","display_name":"Remy Pasco","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9321-6876"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Remy Pasco","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048245082","display_name":"Graham Gibson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6662-3903"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343871089","display_name":"Los Alamos National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01e41cf67","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I1343871089","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210120050"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Graham C. Gibson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States of America"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343871089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047747871","display_name":"Briana A. Betke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8620-2186"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Briana Betke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101448495","display_name":"Jos\u00e9 Lu\u00eds Herrera","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1688-3704"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jos\u00e9 L. Herrera-Diestra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023417934","display_name":"Spencer Woody","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2882-3450"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Spencer Woody","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024276663","display_name":"Kelly Pierce","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6513-8305"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kelly Pierce","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Texas Advanced Computing Center, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Texas Advanced Computing Center, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032688452","display_name":"Kaitlyn E. Johnson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8011-0012"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118636833","display_name":"Rockefeller Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/03sfkwk85","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118636833"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kaitlyn E. Johnson","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Rockefeller Foundation, New York, New York, United States of America"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Rockefeller Foundation, New York, New York, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118636833"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033426429","display_name":"Maureen Johnson-Le\u00f3n","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Maureen Johnson-Le\u00f3n","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019027915","display_name":"Michael Lachmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1086-9717"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1308548392","display_name":"Santa Fe Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01arysc35","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1308548392"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michael Lachmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, New Mexico, United States of America"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, New Mexico, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1308548392"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088820305","display_name":"Lauren Ancel Meyers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5828-8874"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1308548392","display_name":"Santa Fe Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01arysc35","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1308548392"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lauren Ancel Meyers","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America","The Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, New Mexico, United States of America"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, New Mexico, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1308548392"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":12,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015749797","https://openalex.org/A5019027915","https://openalex.org/A5023417934","https://openalex.org/A5024276663","https://openalex.org/A5032688452","https://openalex.org/A5033426429","https://openalex.org/A5047747871","https://openalex.org/A5048245082","https://openalex.org/A5057464567","https://openalex.org/A5060720742","https://openalex.org/A5088820305","https://openalex.org/A5101448495"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118636833","https://openalex.org/I1308548392","https://openalex.org/I1343871089","https://openalex.org/I165733156","https://openalex.org/I86519309"],"apc_list":{"value":2655,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2655},"apc_paid":{"value":2655,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2655},"fwci":1.5292,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80233428,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"6","first_page":"e1011149","last_page":"e1011149"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10410","display_name":"COVID-19 epidemiological studies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2611","display_name":"Modeling and Simulation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10410","display_name":"COVID-19 epidemiological studies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2611","display_name":"Modeling and Simulation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11296","display_name":"COVID-19 and healthcare impacts","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11711","display_name":"COVID-19 Pandemic Impacts","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poisson-regression","display_name":"Poisson regression","score":0.7451358437538147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demography","display_name":"Demography","score":0.7168365120887756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.6748400926589966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/percentile","display_name":"Percentile","score":0.6300249099731445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coronavirus-disease-2019","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","score":0.6128372550010681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/socioeconomic-status","display_name":"Socioeconomic status","score":0.576702356338501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pandemic","display_name":"Pandemic","score":0.5704437494277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rate-ratio","display_name":"Rate ratio","score":0.5602293610572815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zip-code","display_name":"Zip code","score":0.5108737349510193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confidence-interval","display_name":"Confidence interval","score":0.39023393392562866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.28299546241760254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-health","display_name":"Environmental health","score":0.2573436498641968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine","display_name":"Internal medicine","score":0.1724572479724884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.1492140293121338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.14028722047805786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.08940300345420837}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73269764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954529","display_name":"Poisson regression","level":3,"score":0.7451358437538147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.7168365120887756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6748400926589966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122048520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2913954","display_name":"Percentile","level":2,"score":0.6300249099731445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.6128372550010681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147077947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1515895","display_name":"Socioeconomic status","level":3,"score":0.576702356338501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89623803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12184","display_name":"Pandemic","level":5,"score":0.5704437494277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167704817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7295548","display_name":"Rate ratio","level":3,"score":0.5602293610572815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018590553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q136208","display_name":"Zip code","level":2,"score":0.5108737349510193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.39023393392562866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.28299546241760254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.2573436498641968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.1724572479724884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.1492140293121338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.14028722047805786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.08940300345420837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086402","descriptor_name":"SARS-CoV-2","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086402","descriptor_name":"SARS-CoV-2","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086402","descriptor_name":"SARS-CoV-2","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005006","descriptor_name":"Ethnicity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005006","descriptor_name":"Ethnicity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005006","descriptor_name":"Ethnicity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006760","descriptor_name":"Hospitalization","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006760","descriptor_name":"Hospitalization","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006760","descriptor_name":"Hospitalization","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011634","descriptor_name":"Public Health","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011634","descriptor_name":"Public Health","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011634","descriptor_name":"Public Health","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011149","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011149","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011149&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86033158","display_name":"PLoS Computational Biology","issn_l":"1553-734X","issn":["1553-734X","1553-7358"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS Computational Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:37262052","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37262052","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLoS computational biology","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10234557","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10234557","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10234557/pdf/pcbi.1011149.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PLoS Comput Biol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a95e3fd67d5544859ce9fb398c979424","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a95e3fd67d5544859ce9fb398c979424","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PLoS Computational Biology, Vol 19, Iss 6, p e1011149 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:2470436","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/2470436","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:2520145","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/2520145","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011149","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011149","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011149&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86033158","display_name":"PLoS Computational Biology","issn_l":"1553-734X","issn":["1553-734X","1553-7358"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS Computational Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"No poverty","score":0.5400000214576721,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1127810244","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"89233218CNA0000","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1406813184","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"89233218CNA000","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338304","funder_display_name":"Los Alamos National Laboratory"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G216489703","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"89233218CNA00000","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332369","funder_display_name":"National Nuclear Security Administration"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3303685494","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U01IP001136","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332162","funder_display_name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3359278407","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"9233218CNA000001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332369","funder_display_name":"National Nuclear Security Administration"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3793674015","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"9233218CNA000001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338304","funder_display_name":"Los Alamos National Laboratory"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4950733632","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"000001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6083127429","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"00001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6387710405","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"9233218CNA00000","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332369","funder_display_name":"National Nuclear Security Administration"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6995210142","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"89233218CNA000001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332369","funder_display_name":"National Nuclear Security Administration"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7038891139","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"89233218","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338304","funder_display_name":"Los Alamos National Laboratory"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7340972926","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"other","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7500863821","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"89233218CNA000001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338304","funder_display_name":"Los Alamos National Laboratory"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7851296133","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"9233218CNA000001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8659807574","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"89233218CNA000001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8803809456","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"89233218CNA00000","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G996238640","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"89233218CNA00000","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338304","funder_display_name":"Los Alamos National Laboratory"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/01bj3aw27"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332162","display_name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","ror":"https://ror.org/042twtr12"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332369","display_name":"National Nuclear Security Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/03sk1we31"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338304","display_name":"Los Alamos National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01e41cf67"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4378977571.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4378977571.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":92,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2806184448","https://openalex.org/W3010233963","https://openalex.org/W3013287931","https://openalex.org/W3013967887","https://openalex.org/W3020264722","https://openalex.org/W3021923959","https://openalex.org/W3023031160","https://openalex.org/W3024821741","https://openalex.org/W3025090814","https://openalex.org/W3028038140","https://openalex.org/W3028156929","https://openalex.org/W3029756051","https://openalex.org/W3031713996","https://openalex.org/W3034304416","https://openalex.org/W3034312608","https://openalex.org/W3035792471","https://openalex.org/W3043457217","https://openalex.org/W3043925871","https://openalex.org/W3045369523","https://openalex.org/W3045825506","https://openalex.org/W3045927119","https://openalex.org/W3088839942","https://openalex.org/W3090786066","https://openalex.org/W3092667410","https://openalex.org/W3093046487","https://openalex.org/W3093082373","https://openalex.org/W3093725770","https://openalex.org/W3093800226","https://openalex.org/W3094631967","https://openalex.org/W3094713894","https://openalex.org/W3104168960","https://openalex.org/W3108096807","https://openalex.org/W3108542354","https://openalex.org/W3110221007","https://openalex.org/W3111021405","https://openalex.org/W3114735216","https://openalex.org/W3115267462","https://openalex.org/W3117021508","https://openalex.org/W3118449104","https://openalex.org/W3120380938","https://openalex.org/W3121139527","https://openalex.org/W3121159199","https://openalex.org/W3126317793","https://openalex.org/W3126910622","https://openalex.org/W3127271954","https://openalex.org/W3134046412","https://openalex.org/W3135257712","https://openalex.org/W3139158003","https://openalex.org/W3140392498","https://openalex.org/W3156310478","https://openalex.org/W3157070895","https://openalex.org/W3158314079","https://openalex.org/W3158325128","https://openalex.org/W3158720366","https://openalex.org/W3161251579","https://openalex.org/W3162142963","https://openalex.org/W3162528877","https://openalex.org/W3167108216","https://openalex.org/W3168205127","https://openalex.org/W3172535605","https://openalex.org/W3174471133","https://openalex.org/W3178381761","https://openalex.org/W3178627911","https://openalex.org/W3178958087","https://openalex.org/W3193938173","https://openalex.org/W3197430550","https://openalex.org/W3198233589","https://openalex.org/W3198688080","https://openalex.org/W3202134042","https://openalex.org/W3203141500","https://openalex.org/W3204763149","https://openalex.org/W3208851179","https://openalex.org/W4205957636","https://openalex.org/W4206087383","https://openalex.org/W4206127769","https://openalex.org/W4206946759","https://openalex.org/W4213103498","https://openalex.org/W4213413148","https://openalex.org/W4214774575","https://openalex.org/W4220974994","https://openalex.org/W4223443877","https://openalex.org/W4223912877","https://openalex.org/W4225015742","https://openalex.org/W4226088605","https://openalex.org/W4226548638","https://openalex.org/W4242774525","https://openalex.org/W4280520791","https://openalex.org/W4287207693","https://openalex.org/W4399647823","https://openalex.org/W4411392672","https://openalex.org/W6887313015","https://openalex.org/W6906500337"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2905389827","https://openalex.org/W2124163887","https://openalex.org/W2145444714","https://openalex.org/W2244413240","https://openalex.org/W2751739536","https://openalex.org/W3138881018","https://openalex.org/W4366429137","https://openalex.org/W2517270130","https://openalex.org/W2134038172","https://openalex.org/W3188723866"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"COVID-19":[0,65,239],"has":[1],"disproportionately":[2],"impacted":[3],"individuals":[4],"depending":[5],"on":[6,14,256],"where":[7],"they":[8],"live":[9],"and":[10,12,18,54,69,89,132,159,185,201,241],"work,":[11],"based":[13],"their":[15,38,134],"race,":[16],"ethnicity,":[17],"socioeconomic":[19],"status.":[20],"Studies":[21],"have":[22,33,133],"documented":[23],"catastrophic":[24],"disparities":[25,156,240],"at":[26],"critical":[27],"points":[28],"throughout":[29],"the":[30,61,174,182,188,198,207,212,222,243],"pandemic,":[31],"but":[32,119,218],"not":[34],"yet":[35],"systematically":[36],"tracked":[37],"severity":[39],"through":[40],"time.":[41],"Using":[42],"anonymized":[43],"hospitalization":[44,57],"data":[45,262],"from":[46],"March":[47],"11,":[48],"2020":[49],"to":[50,103,122,154,179,211,236],"June":[51],"1,":[52],"2021":[53],"fine-grain":[55],"infection":[56,87,158,199],"rates,":[58],"we":[59,79],"estimate":[60,80,155],"time-varying":[62],"burden":[63],"of":[64,165,177,254],"by":[66],"age":[67,108],"group":[68],"ZIP":[70,170],"code":[71],"in":[72,157,173,181],"Austin,":[73],"Texas.":[74],"During":[75],"this":[76],"15-month":[77,223],"period,":[78],"an":[81],"overall":[82],"23.7%":[83],"(95%":[84,91,194,204],"CrI:":[85,92,112,117,139,144,195,205],"22.5-24.8%)":[86],"rate":[88,200,209],"29.4%":[90],"28.0-31.0%)":[93],"case":[94],"reporting":[95,160,208],"rate.":[96],"Individuals":[97],"over":[98,221],"65":[99],"were":[100],"less":[101,213],"likely":[102,121],"be":[104,123],"infected":[105],"than":[106],"younger":[107],"groups":[109],"(11.2%":[110],"[95%":[111,116,138,143],"10.3-12.0%]":[113],"vs":[114,128,141],"25.1%":[115],"23.7-26.4%]),":[118],"more":[120,189],"hospitalized":[124],"(1,965":[125],"per":[126,130],"100,000":[127],"376":[129],"100,000)":[131],"infections":[135],"reported":[136],"(53%":[137],"49-57%]":[140],"28%":[142],"27-30%]).":[145],"We":[146,168],"used":[147],"a":[148,163,251,257],"mixed":[149],"effect":[150],"poisson":[151],"regression":[152],"model":[153],"rates":[161],"as":[162,250],"function":[164],"social":[166,245],"vulnerability.":[167],"compared":[169,210],"codes":[171],"ranking":[172],"75th":[175],"percentile":[176],"vulnerability":[178,246],"those":[180],"25th":[183],"percentile,":[184],"found":[186],"that":[187,229,242],"vulnerable":[190,214],"communities":[191],"had":[192],"2.5":[193],"2.0-3.0)":[196],"times":[197],"only":[202],"70%":[203],"60%-82%)":[206],"communities.":[215],"Inequality":[216],"persisted":[217],"declined":[219],"significantly":[220],"study":[224],"period.":[225],"Our":[226],"results":[227],"suggest":[228],"further":[230],"public":[231],"health":[232],"efforts":[233],"are":[234,263],"needed":[235],"mitigate":[237],"local":[238,258],"CDC's":[244],"index":[247],"may":[248],"serve":[249],"reliable":[252],"predictor":[253],"risk":[255],"scale":[259],"when":[260],"surveillance":[261],"limited.":[264]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}