{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4307216461","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010612","title":"Emergent multilevel selection in a simple spatial model of the evolution of altruism","display_name":"Emergent multilevel selection in a simple spatial model of the evolution of altruism","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-10-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4307216461","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010612","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36282807"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010612","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010612","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010612&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86033158","display_name":"PLoS Computational Biology","issn_l":"1553-734X","issn":["1553-734X","1553-7358"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS Computational Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010612&type=printable","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031807185","display_name":"Rutger Hermsen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4633-4877"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173063890","display_name":"University of Applied Sciences Utrecht","ror":"https://ror.org/028z9kw20","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173063890"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193662353","display_name":"Utrecht University","ror":"https://ror.org/04pp8hn57","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rutger Hermsen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Complex Systems Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands","Theoretical Biology Group, Biology Department, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4633-4877","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Complex Systems Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173063890","https://openalex.org/I193662353"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Theoretical Biology Group, Biology Department, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5031807185"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173063890","https://openalex.org/I193662353"],"apc_list":{"value":2655,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2655},"apc_paid":{"value":2655,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2655},"fwci":2.3752,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9048652,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"10","first_page":"e1010612","last_page":"e1010612"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11252","display_name":"Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11252","display_name":"Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10482","display_name":"Mathematical and Theoretical Epidemiology and Ecology Models","score":0.9939000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11764","display_name":"Evolution and Genetic Dynamics","score":0.9894999861717224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/altruism","display_name":"Altruism (biology)","score":0.9043899774551392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/group-selection","display_name":"Group selection","score":0.7527550458908081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kin-selection","display_name":"Kin selection","score":0.6440773010253906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.581149160861969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inclusive-fitness","display_name":"Inclusive fitness","score":0.49271896481513977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.4708257019519806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evolutionary-dynamics","display_name":"Evolutionary dynamics","score":0.4462661147117615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.4405374228954315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tragedy-of-the-commons","display_name":"Tragedy of the commons","score":0.42497727274894714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/competition","display_name":"Competition (biology)","score":0.41347184777259827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.4008542597293854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evolutionary-biology","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","score":0.35840702056884766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.24836859107017517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.19621825218200684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.15965691208839417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.14173996448516846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1159757673740387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/commons","display_name":"Commons","score":0.10481935739517212}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780279448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2559380","display_name":"Altruism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.9043899774551392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51520907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q874437","display_name":"Group selection","level":3,"score":0.7527550458908081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23714114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q741598","display_name":"Kin selection","level":2,"score":0.6440773010253906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.581149160861969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4430575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1005215","display_name":"Inclusive fitness","level":2,"score":0.49271896481513977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4708257019519806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171578705","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5418700","display_name":"Evolutionary dynamics","level":3,"score":0.4462661147117615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4405374228954315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15517945","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334622","display_name":"Tragedy of the commons","level":3,"score":0.42497727274894714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91306197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45767","display_name":"Competition (biology)","level":2,"score":0.41347184777259827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.4008542597293854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.35840702056884766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.24836859107017517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.19621825218200684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.15965691208839417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.14173996448516846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1159757673740387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49427245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9828451","display_name":"Commons","level":2,"score":0.10481935739517212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000533","descriptor_name":"Altruism","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000533","descriptor_name":"Altruism","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000533","descriptor_name":"Altruism","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000533","descriptor_name":"Altruism","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005075","descriptor_name":"Biological Evolution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005075","descriptor_name":"Biological Evolution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005075","descriptor_name":"Biological Evolution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005075","descriptor_name":"Biological Evolution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012641","descriptor_name":"Selection, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012641","descriptor_name":"Selection, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012641","descriptor_name":"Selection, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012641","descriptor_name":"Selection, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010612","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010612","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010612&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86033158","display_name":"PLoS Computational Biology","issn_l":"1553-734X","issn":["1553-734X","1553-7358"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS Computational Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36282807","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36282807","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLoS computational biology","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:plo:pcbi00:1010612","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010612","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1aa3d37431b54ad1a7f70de6f5d0fc4e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1aa3d37431b54ad1a7f70de6f5d0fc4e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PLoS Computational Biology, Vol 18, Iss 10, p e1010612 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9595567","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9595567","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PLoS Comput Biol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:uu:oai:dspace.library.uu.nl:1874/423810","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/423810","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401843","display_name":"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","host_organization_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PLoS Computational Biology, 18(10), 1. Public Library of Science","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010612","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010612","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010612&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86033158","display_name":"PLoS Computational Biology","issn_l":"1553-734X","issn":["1553-734X","1553-7358"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS Computational Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.5199999809265137,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G78560179","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RGY0072/2015","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307846","funder_display_name":"Human Frontier Science Program"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307846","display_name":"Human Frontier Science Program","ror":"https://ror.org/02ebx7v45"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4307216461.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4307216461.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":73,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W185548520","https://openalex.org/W627565722","https://openalex.org/W1498617765","https://openalex.org/W1503023806","https://openalex.org/W1586920498","https://openalex.org/W1639913278","https://openalex.org/W1941279661","https://openalex.org/W1966588229","https://openalex.org/W1968100562","https://openalex.org/W1976504509","https://openalex.org/W1980661496","https://openalex.org/W1986960203","https://openalex.org/W1987631246","https://openalex.org/W1991223348","https://openalex.org/W1999813617","https://openalex.org/W2006819253","https://openalex.org/W2009481751","https://openalex.org/W2017454755","https://openalex.org/W2018291578","https://openalex.org/W2019988542","https://openalex.org/W2023553163","https://openalex.org/W2025475849","https://openalex.org/W2025490132","https://openalex.org/W2032090023","https://openalex.org/W2034143604","https://openalex.org/W2035440806","https://openalex.org/W2038882739","https://openalex.org/W2039949339","https://openalex.org/W2047647995","https://openalex.org/W2049049121","https://openalex.org/W2061664934","https://openalex.org/W2063792498","https://openalex.org/W2087169316","https://openalex.org/W2087907588","https://openalex.org/W2097223422","https://openalex.org/W2097398982","https://openalex.org/W2098069022","https://openalex.org/W2104326329","https://openalex.org/W2120564921","https://openalex.org/W2121396649","https://openalex.org/W2124337033","https://openalex.org/W2131781005","https://openalex.org/W2132422935","https://openalex.org/W2133305515","https://openalex.org/W2133758294","https://openalex.org/W2138427174","https://openalex.org/W2141729069","https://openalex.org/W2146433021","https://openalex.org/W2151939613","https://openalex.org/W2153339171","https://openalex.org/W2154281017","https://openalex.org/W2157639208","https://openalex.org/W2167062553","https://openalex.org/W2167793690","https://openalex.org/W2226396244","https://openalex.org/W2254562710","https://openalex.org/W2330431548","https://openalex.org/W2332686020","https://openalex.org/W2444260979","https://openalex.org/W2587159704","https://openalex.org/W2939460375","https://openalex.org/W2981261674","https://openalex.org/W3004688349","https://openalex.org/W3017082821","https://openalex.org/W3121595786","https://openalex.org/W3123764764","https://openalex.org/W3123899867","https://openalex.org/W3200402529","https://openalex.org/W4200391740","https://openalex.org/W4301424833","https://openalex.org/W4399142321","https://openalex.org/W6607484406","https://openalex.org/W6645045626"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2117400773","https://openalex.org/W2025102384","https://openalex.org/W2055965139","https://openalex.org/W1980325434","https://openalex.org/W1990546527","https://openalex.org/W3019340858","https://openalex.org/W2068398720","https://openalex.org/W1990662158","https://openalex.org/W4253720545","https://openalex.org/W3163573728"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Theories":[0],"on":[1,136,196,220],"the":[2,19,24,43,75,80,123,142,161,168,185,188,201,215,221,231,252,255],"evolutionary":[3,210],"origins":[4],"of":[5,18,21,46,79,127,160,190,203,209,214,224,234,254,277],"altruistic":[6,94,172,180],"behavior":[7],"have":[8,13],"a":[9,15,88,157,207,272],"long":[10],"history":[11],"and":[12,31,55,77,108,125,139,144,177,227],"become":[14],"canonical":[16],"part":[17],"theory":[20,135],"evolution.":[22],"Nevertheless,":[23],"mechanisms":[25],"that":[26,42,65,102,149,243,264],"allow":[27],"altruism":[28,165,191,197,204],"to":[29,63,120,132,154,182],"appear":[30],"persist":[32],"are":[33,66,130],"still":[34],"incompletely":[35],"understood.":[36],"It":[37],"is":[38,48],"well":[39],"known,":[40],"however,":[41],"spatial":[44,258,266],"structure":[45,76],"populations":[47,64],"an":[49],"important":[50],"determinant.":[51],"In":[52],"both":[53],"theoretical":[54],"experimental":[56],"studies,":[57],"much":[58],"attention":[59],"has":[60],"been":[61],"devoted":[62],"subdivided":[67],"into":[68,98],"discrete":[69],"groups.":[70],"Such":[71],"studies":[72],"typically":[73],"imposed":[74],"dynamics":[78],"groups":[81],"by":[82,105],"hand.":[83],"Here,":[84],"we":[85,129],"instead":[86],"present":[87],"simple":[89],"individual-based":[90],"model":[91],"in":[92,114,156,167,193,251],"which":[93],"organisms":[95],"spontaneously":[96],"self-organize":[97],"spatially":[99],"separated":[100],"colonies":[101,151,173,186,216],"themselves":[103],"reproduce":[104,174],"binary":[106],"fission":[107],"hence":[109,205],"behave":[110],"as":[111,271],"Darwinian":[112],"entities":[113],"their":[115,199,244],"own":[116],"right.":[117],"Using":[118],"software":[119],"automatically":[121],"track":[122],"rise":[124],"fall":[126],"colonies,":[128],"able":[131],"apply":[133],"formal":[134],"multilevel":[137],"selection":[138,189,202],"thus":[140],"quantify":[141],"within-":[143],"among-group":[145],"dynamics.":[146],"This":[147,229],"reveals":[148],"individual":[150],"inevitably":[152],"succumb":[153],"defectors":[155],"within-colony":[158],"\"tragedy":[159],"commons\".":[162],"Even":[163],"so,":[164],"persists":[166],"population":[169,267],"because":[170],"more":[171,175],"frequently":[176],"drive":[178],"less":[179],"ones":[181],"extinction.":[183],"Evidently,":[184],"promote":[187],"but":[192,240],"turn":[194],"depend":[195],"for":[198,237,275],"existence;":[200],"involves":[206],"kind":[208],"bootstrapping.":[211],"The":[212,260],"emergence":[213],"also":[217,241,262],"depends":[218],"crucially":[219],"length":[222],"scales":[223,236],"motility,":[225],"altruism,":[226],"competition.":[228],"reconfirms":[230],"general":[232],"relevance":[233],"these":[235],"social":[238],"evolution,":[239],"stresses":[242],"impact":[245],"can":[246,269],"only":[247],"be":[248],"understood":[249],"fully":[250],"light":[253],"emergent":[256,265],"eco-evolutionary":[257],"patterns.":[259],"results":[261],"suggest":[263],"patterns":[268],"function":[270],"starting":[273],"point":[274],"transitions":[276],"individuality.":[278]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-01-13T01:12:25.745995","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
