{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4226120882","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009797","title":"DeLTA 2.0: A deep learning pipeline for quantifying single-cell spatial and temporal dynamics","display_name":"DeLTA 2.0: A deep learning pipeline for quantifying single-cell spatial and temporal dynamics","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4226120882","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009797","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35041653"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009797","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009797","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86033158","display_name":"PLoS Computational Biology","issn_l":"1553-734X","issn":["1553-734X","1553-7358"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS Computational Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009797","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057179131","display_name":"Owen M. O\u2019Connor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6276-6269"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","display_name":"Boston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Owen M. O\u2019Connor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biological Design Center, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America","Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6276-6269","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biological Design Center, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069269073","display_name":"Razan N. Alnahhas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1382-2252"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","display_name":"Boston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Razan N. Alnahhas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biological Design Center, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America","Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1382-2252","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biological Design Center, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049621342","display_name":"Jean\u2010Baptiste Lugagne","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8374-6590"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","display_name":"Boston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jean-Baptiste Lugagne","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biological Design Center, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America","Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8374-6590","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biological Design Center, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062640971","display_name":"Mary J. Dunlop","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9261-8216"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","display_name":"Boston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mary J. Dunlop","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biological Design Center, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America","Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9261-8216","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biological Design Center, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5049621342","https://openalex.org/A5062640971"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"],"apc_list":{"value":2655,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2655},"apc_paid":{"value":2655,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2655},"fwci":27.1974,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":110,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99651722,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"1","first_page":"e1009797","last_page":"e1009797"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12859","display_name":"Cell Image Analysis Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12859","display_name":"Cell Image Analysis Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11289","display_name":"Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13114","display_name":"Image Processing Techniques and Applications","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7109506130218506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bottleneck","display_name":"Bottleneck","score":0.6371266841888428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5961523652076721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.570425271987915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.5613340735435486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/python","display_name":"Python (programming language)","score":0.560719907283783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workflow","display_name":"Workflow","score":0.48259198665618896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.4256005883216858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.41602885723114014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.40216121077537537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.32519757747650146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.13316437602043152}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7109506130218506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780513914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18210350","display_name":"Bottleneck","level":2,"score":0.6371266841888428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5961523652076721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.570425271987915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.5613340735435486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C519991488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28865","display_name":"Python (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.560719907283783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177212765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627335","display_name":"Workflow","level":2,"score":0.48259198665618896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.4256005883216858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.41602885723114014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.40216121077537537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.32519757747650146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.13316437602043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001419","descriptor_name":"Bacteria","qualifier_ui":"Q000166","qualifier_name":"cytology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001419","descriptor_name":"Bacteria","qualifier_ui":"Q000166","qualifier_name":"cytology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001419","descriptor_name":"Bacteria","qualifier_ui":"Q000166","qualifier_name":"cytology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008853","descriptor_name":"Microscopy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008853","descriptor_name":"Microscopy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008853","descriptor_name":"Microscopy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019295","descriptor_name":"Computational Biology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019295","descriptor_name":"Computational Biology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019295","descriptor_name":"Computational Biology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D059008","descriptor_name":"Time-Lapse Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D059008","descriptor_name":"Time-Lapse Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D059008","descriptor_name":"Time-Lapse Imaging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D059010","descriptor_name":"Single-Cell Analysis","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D059010","descriptor_name":"Single-Cell Analysis","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D059010","descriptor_name":"Single-Cell Analysis","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009797","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009797","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86033158","display_name":"PLoS Computational Biology","issn_l":"1553-734X","issn":["1553-734X","1553-7358"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS Computational Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35041653","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35041653","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLoS computational biology","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:cec53aeb977a44d086aac6257abee85d","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/cec53aeb977a44d086aac6257abee85d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PLoS Computational Biology, Vol 18, Iss 1, p e1009797 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8797229","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8797229","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PLoS Comput Biol","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009797","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009797","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86033158","display_name":"PLoS Computational Biology","issn_l":"1553-734X","issn":["1553-734X","1553-7358"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS Computational Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3355807097","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AI153853","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3582097020","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1804096","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5121474177","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2032357","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8117289956","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1804096","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335353","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335353","display_name":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka","ror":"https://ror.org/010xaa060"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1905036359","https://openalex.org/W1996666978","https://openalex.org/W2031502025","https://openalex.org/W2048733914","https://openalex.org/W2086128646","https://openalex.org/W2090363184","https://openalex.org/W2107523606","https://openalex.org/W2160041854","https://openalex.org/W2168997454","https://openalex.org/W2205770822","https://openalex.org/W2467964007","https://openalex.org/W2507783863","https://openalex.org/W2548342201","https://openalex.org/W2607462092","https://openalex.org/W2767587403","https://openalex.org/W2798012109","https://openalex.org/W2804461679","https://openalex.org/W2811106513","https://openalex.org/W2894617794","https://openalex.org/W2899699117","https://openalex.org/W2961654898","https://openalex.org/W2977389456","https://openalex.org/W3005423028","https://openalex.org/W3015600294","https://openalex.org/W3037866112","https://openalex.org/W3091775814","https://openalex.org/W3108016225","https://openalex.org/W3128218038","https://openalex.org/W3131357209","https://openalex.org/W3135640205","https://openalex.org/W3139406751","https://openalex.org/W3153751420","https://openalex.org/W3154351960","https://openalex.org/W3157225059","https://openalex.org/W3162666452","https://openalex.org/W3198576198","https://openalex.org/W3208772529","https://openalex.org/W4245858310","https://openalex.org/W4251379442","https://openalex.org/W6790410020"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2595172197","https://openalex.org/W2084856301","https://openalex.org/W2127970246","https://openalex.org/W2885125400","https://openalex.org/W1989889224","https://openalex.org/W4226493464","https://openalex.org/W3133861977","https://openalex.org/W2951211570","https://openalex.org/W3103566983","https://openalex.org/W3029198973"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Improvements":[0],"in":[1,19,114,174,180],"microscopy":[2,235,298],"software":[3,253],"and":[4,28,61,75,153,162,167,197,200,205,240,281],"hardware":[5],"have":[6],"dramatically":[7],"increased":[8],"the":[9,42,102,105,115,145,181,213,223,229,241,252,256],"pace":[10],"of":[11,65,104,133,151,183,194,243,269,279],"image":[12],"acquisition,":[13],"making":[14,290],"analysis":[15],"a":[16,54,244,292],"major":[17,220],"bottleneck":[18],"generating":[20],"quantitative,":[21],"single-cell":[22,87],"data.":[23,299],"Although":[24],"tools":[25],"for":[26,111,147,274,295],"segmenting":[27],"tracking":[29,168],"bacteria":[30,112],"within":[31],"time-lapse":[32,90,297],"images":[33,64],"exist,":[34],"most":[35],"require":[36],"human":[37,94],"input,":[38],"are":[39,137,169],"specialized":[40],"to":[41,71,85,123,140,158,177,212,222,231],"experimental":[43],"set":[44],"up,":[45],"or":[46],"lack":[47],"accuracy.":[48],"Here,":[49],"we":[50,190,216],"introduce":[51,218],"DeLTA":[52,98,262],"2.0,":[53],"purely":[55],"Python":[56],"workflow":[57],"that":[58,225],"can":[59,155,250],"rapidly":[60],"accurately":[62],"analyze":[63,191],"single":[66],"cells":[67],"on":[68,258],"two-dimensional":[69,124,214],"surfaces":[70],"quantify":[72,159],"gene":[73],"expression":[74],"cell":[76],"growth.":[77],"The":[78],"algorithm":[79],"uses":[80],"deep":[81],"convolutional":[82],"neural":[83],"networks":[84],"extract":[86],"information":[88],"from":[89],"images,":[91],"requiring":[92],"no":[93],"input":[95],"after":[96],"training.":[97],"2.0":[99,263],"retains":[100],"all":[101],"functionality":[103],"original":[106],"version,":[107],"which":[108],"was":[109],"optimized":[110],"growing":[113],"mother":[116],"machine":[117],"microfluidic":[118],"device,":[119],"but":[120],"extends":[121],"results":[122],"growth":[125,206],"environments.":[126],"Two-dimensional":[127],"environments":[128],"represent":[129],"an":[130],"important":[131],"class":[132],"data":[134],"because":[135],"they":[136,143,154],"more":[138,171],"straightforward":[139],"implement":[141],"experimentally,":[142],"offer":[144],"potential":[146],"studies":[148],"using":[149],"co-cultures":[150],"cells,":[152,199,280],"be":[156],"used":[157],"spatial":[160],"effects":[161],"multi-generational":[163],"phenomena.":[164],"However,":[165],"segmentation":[166],"significantly":[170],"challenging":[172],"tasks":[173],"two-dimensions":[175],"due":[176],"exponential":[178],"increases":[179],"number":[182],"cells.":[184],"To":[185],"showcase":[186],"this":[187],"new":[188],"functionality,":[189],"mixed":[192],"populations":[193],"antibiotic":[195],"resistant":[196],"susceptible":[198],"also":[201,217],"track":[202],"pole":[203],"age":[204],"rate":[207],"across":[208],"generations.":[209],"In":[210],"addition":[211],"capabilities,":[215],"several":[219],"improvements":[221],"code":[224,257],"increase":[226],"accessibility,":[227],"including":[228],"ability":[230],"accept":[232],"many":[233],"standard":[234],"file":[236],"formats":[237],"as":[238],"inputs":[239],"introduction":[242],"Google":[245],"Colab":[246],"notebook":[247],"so":[248],"users":[249],"try":[251],"without":[254],"installing":[255],"their":[259],"local":[260],"machine.":[261],"is":[264,282],"rapid,":[265],"with":[266,277,285],"run":[267],"times":[268],"less":[270],"than":[271],"10":[272],"minutes":[273],"complete":[275],"movies":[276],"hundreds":[278],"highly":[283],"accurate,":[284],"error":[286],"rates":[287],"around":[288],"1%,":[289],"it":[291],"powerful":[293],"tool":[294],"analyzing":[296]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":34},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-01-13T01:12:25.745995","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
