{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3032576810","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007465","title":"Modeling the effects of motivation on choice and learning in the basal ganglia","display_name":"Modeling the effects of motivation on choice and learning in the basal ganglia","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-05-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3032576810","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007465","mag":"3032576810","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32453725"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007465","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007465","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007465&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86033158","display_name":"PLoS Computational Biology","issn_l":"1553-734X","issn":["1553-734X","1553-7358"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS Computational Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007465&type=printable","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003579519","display_name":"Maaike M.H. van Swieten","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7361-9467"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108304","display_name":"MRC Brain Network Dynamics Unit","ror":"https://ror.org/01tfjyv98","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I4210087105","https://openalex.org/I4210108304","https://openalex.org/I90344618"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maaike M. H. van Swieten","raw_affiliation_strings":["MRC Brain Network Dynamics Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7361-9467","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MRC Brain Network Dynamics Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108304","https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049095056","display_name":"Rafa\u0142 Bogacz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8994-1661"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108304","display_name":"MRC Brain Network Dynamics Unit","ror":"https://ror.org/01tfjyv98","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I4210087105","https://openalex.org/I4210108304","https://openalex.org/I90344618"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rafal Bogacz","raw_affiliation_strings":["MRC Brain Network Dynamics Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8994-1661","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MRC Brain Network Dynamics Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108304","https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5049095056"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I4210108304"],"apc_list":{"value":2655,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2655},"apc_paid":{"value":2655,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2655},"fwci":1.7056,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83687201,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"5","first_page":"e1007465","last_page":"e1007465"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10042","display_name":"Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10042","display_name":"Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10056","display_name":"Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.6915868520736694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/basal-ganglia","display_name":"Basal ganglia","score":0.6901821494102478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/incentive-salience","display_name":"Incentive salience","score":0.6390372514724731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dopaminergic","display_name":"Dopaminergic","score":0.5995815396308899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.5854814648628235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/salience","display_name":"Salience (neuroscience)","score":0.5108446478843689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4401479959487915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-psychology","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","score":0.3660646378993988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.3550032377243042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.311003714799881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dopamine","display_name":"Dopamine","score":0.21639099717140198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/central-nervous-system","display_name":"Central nervous system","score":0.0864991545677185}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.6915868520736694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778187257","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q464210","display_name":"Basal ganglia","level":3,"score":0.6901821494102478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780160660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6014281","display_name":"Incentive salience","level":3,"score":0.6390372514724731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137183658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461076","display_name":"Dopaminergic","level":3,"score":0.5995815396308899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.5854814648628235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108154423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1469792","display_name":"Salience (neuroscience)","level":2,"score":0.5108446478843689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4401479959487915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.3660646378993988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3550032377243042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.311003714799881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513476851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170304","display_name":"Dopamine","level":2,"score":0.21639099717140198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529278444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47273","display_name":"Central nervous system","level":2,"score":0.0864991545677185}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001479","descriptor_name":"Basal Ganglia","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001479","descriptor_name":"Basal Ganglia","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001479","descriptor_name":"Basal Ganglia","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001479","descriptor_name":"Basal Ganglia","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001522","descriptor_name":"Behavior, Animal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001522","descriptor_name":"Behavior, Animal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001522","descriptor_name":"Behavior, Animal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001522","descriptor_name":"Behavior, Animal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002755","descriptor_name":"Choice Behavior","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002755","descriptor_name":"Choice Behavior","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002755","descriptor_name":"Choice Behavior","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002755","descriptor_name":"Choice Behavior","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004298","descriptor_name":"Dopamine","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004298","descriptor_name":"Dopamine","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004298","descriptor_name":"Dopamine","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004298","descriptor_name":"Dopamine","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008636","descriptor_name":"Mesencephalon","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008636","descriptor_name":"Mesencephalon","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008636","descriptor_name":"Mesencephalon","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008636","descriptor_name":"Mesencephalon","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008959","descriptor_name":"Models, Neurological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008959","descriptor_name":"Models, Neurological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008959","descriptor_name":"Models, Neurological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008959","descriptor_name":"Models, Neurological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009042","descriptor_name":"Motivation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009042","descriptor_name":"Motivation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009042","descriptor_name":"Motivation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009042","descriptor_name":"Motivation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009434","descriptor_name":"Neural Pathways","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009434","descriptor_name":"Neural Pathways","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009434","descriptor_name":"Neural Pathways","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009434","descriptor_name":"Neural Pathways","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012054","descriptor_name":"Reinforcement, Psychology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012054","descriptor_name":"Reinforcement, Psychology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012054","descriptor_name":"Reinforcement, Psychology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012054","descriptor_name":"Reinforcement, Psychology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012201","descriptor_name":"Reward","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012201","descriptor_name":"Reward","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012201","descriptor_name":"Reward","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012201","descriptor_name":"Reward","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051379","descriptor_name":"Mice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051379","descriptor_name":"Mice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051379","descriptor_name":"Mice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051379","descriptor_name":"Mice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D059290","descriptor_name":"Dopaminergic Neurons","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D059290","descriptor_name":"Dopaminergic Neurons","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D059290","descriptor_name":"Dopaminergic Neurons","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D059290","descriptor_name":"Dopaminergic Neurons","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007465","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007465","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007465&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86033158","display_name":"PLoS Computational Biology","issn_l":"1553-734X","issn":["1553-734X","1553-7358"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS Computational Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:32453725","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32453725","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLoS computational biology","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:plo:pcbi00:1007465","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007465","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d4424d1b471c4b968f1872b19a6aecaf","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d4424d1b471c4b968f1872b19a6aecaf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PLoS Computational Biology, Vol 16, Iss 5, p e1007465 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7274475","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7274475","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PLoS Comput Biol","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007465","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007465","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007465&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86033158","display_name":"PLoS Computational Biology","issn_l":"1553-734X","issn":["1553-734X","1553-7358"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS Computational Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.8199999928474426,"display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3602986768","display_name":"Evaluation of costs and benefits of actions in the basal ganglia","funder_award_id":"BB/S006338/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334629","funder_display_name":"Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3656223189","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MC_UU_12024","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334626","funder_display_name":"Medical Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3660457013","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BB/S006338/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334629","funder_display_name":"Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G420847197","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MC_UU_00003/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334626","funder_display_name":"Medical Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6685968704","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MC_UU_12024/5","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334626","funder_display_name":"Medical Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7240803413","display_name":"Using computer simulations for predicting interventions restoring healthy patterns of neural activity","funder_award_id":"MC_UU_12024/5","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334626","funder_display_name":"Medical Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332167","display_name":"Directorate for Biological Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/001xhss06"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334626","display_name":"Medical Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/03x94j517"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334629","display_name":"Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/00cwqg982"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3032576810.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3032576810.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":72,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W96373698","https://openalex.org/W896531847","https://openalex.org/W1526327880","https://openalex.org/W1969089145","https://openalex.org/W1970761553","https://openalex.org/W1971797700","https://openalex.org/W1971999279","https://openalex.org/W1976284302","https://openalex.org/W1981982902","https://openalex.org/W1982670892","https://openalex.org/W1986164891","https://openalex.org/W1994403598","https://openalex.org/W2011451766","https://openalex.org/W2014954487","https://openalex.org/W2020925019","https://openalex.org/W2023990491","https://openalex.org/W2029383690","https://openalex.org/W2037457092","https://openalex.org/W2039673011","https://openalex.org/W2041712720","https://openalex.org/W2046713808","https://openalex.org/W2081550061","https://openalex.org/W2086950122","https://openalex.org/W2092703117","https://openalex.org/W2094619218","https://openalex.org/W2097552217","https://openalex.org/W2098534820","https://openalex.org/W2104155094","https://openalex.org/W2105162965","https://openalex.org/W2109059823","https://openalex.org/W2112759156","https://openalex.org/W2114207481","https://openalex.org/W2114483830","https://openalex.org/W2115586314","https://openalex.org/W2117726420","https://openalex.org/W2119170562","https://openalex.org/W2120282263","https://openalex.org/W2125749907","https://openalex.org/W2129478155","https://openalex.org/W2131938106","https://openalex.org/W2139252049","https://openalex.org/W2142110758","https://openalex.org/W2148228571","https://openalex.org/W2148764920","https://openalex.org/W2156952192","https://openalex.org/W2158420012","https://openalex.org/W2163647009","https://openalex.org/W2163773342","https://openalex.org/W2163805252","https://openalex.org/W2164125772","https://openalex.org/W2164657513","https://openalex.org/W2167021628","https://openalex.org/W2171592792","https://openalex.org/W2201003164","https://openalex.org/W2269679621","https://openalex.org/W2318609293","https://openalex.org/W2467643547","https://openalex.org/W2507447634","https://openalex.org/W2551311960","https://openalex.org/W2597943135","https://openalex.org/W2743792417","https://openalex.org/W2785323625","https://openalex.org/W2795803103","https://openalex.org/W2799652277","https://openalex.org/W2801937529","https://openalex.org/W2805837749","https://openalex.org/W2808649721","https://openalex.org/W2897534342","https://openalex.org/W2944997976","https://openalex.org/W2952557035","https://openalex.org/W3008625362","https://openalex.org/W4295332810"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3092411928","https://openalex.org/W211056545","https://openalex.org/W2021873022","https://openalex.org/W2007231598","https://openalex.org/W2388200580","https://openalex.org/W4205296828","https://openalex.org/W4306904969","https://openalex.org/W2105892294","https://openalex.org/W3027081464","https://openalex.org/W4229779921"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Decision":[0],"making":[1],"relies":[2],"on":[3,10,102,137,177,260],"adequately":[4],"evaluating":[5],"the":[6,11,17,30,44,62,89,98,109,117,120,123,132,138,151,155,160,168,179,183,193,205,218,222,244,250],"consequences":[7],"of":[8,13,100,126,134,197,199,215,263],"actions":[9,66,200],"basis":[12],"past":[14],"experience":[15],"and":[16,36,58,67,85,104,122,129,172,182,195,231,241,265,267],"current":[18,124],"physiological":[19,47,81,149],"state.":[20],"A":[21],"key":[22],"role":[23],"in":[24,88,147,159,204,217,226,243],"this":[25,127,253],"process":[26],"is":[27,255],"played":[28],"by":[29,40,55,191,249],"basal":[31,90,206,219,245],"ganglia,":[32],"where":[33],"neural":[34,261],"activity":[35,144,162],"plasticity":[37],"are":[38,247],"modulated":[39,248],"dopaminergic":[41,56,143,161],"input":[42],"from":[43],"midbrain.":[45],"Internal":[46],"factors,":[48],"such":[49],"as":[50,116,167],"hunger,":[51],"scale":[52],"signals":[53],"encoded":[54,158],"neurons":[57],"thus":[59],"they":[60],"alter":[61],"motivation":[63,101,110],"for":[64,78,96,142],"taking":[65],"learning.":[68,105],"However,":[69],"to":[70,111,164],"our":[71],"knowledge,":[72],"no":[73],"formal":[74],"mathematical":[75],"formulation":[76],"exists":[77],"how":[79,131,238],"a":[80,94,113,188,227,234],"state":[82],"affects":[83],"learning":[84,196,216,242],"action":[86],"selection":[87],"ganglia.":[91],"We":[92,185],"developed":[93],"framework":[95,107],"modelling":[97],"effect":[99],"choice":[103],"The":[106,209],"defines":[108],"obtain":[112],"particular":[114],"resource":[115],"difference":[118,169],"between":[119,170],"desired":[121],"level":[125],"resource,":[128],"proposes":[130],"utility":[133,171,198],"reinforcements":[135],"depends":[136,176],"motivation.":[139,184,251],"To":[140],"account":[141],"previously":[145],"recorded":[146],"different":[148],"states,":[150],"paper":[152],"argues":[153],"that":[154],"prediction":[156],"error":[157],"needs":[163],"be":[165,202],"redefined":[166],"expected":[173],"utility,":[174],"which":[175,192],"both":[178],"objective":[180],"reinforcement":[181],"also":[186,256],"demonstrate":[187],"possible":[189],"mechanism":[190],"evaluation":[194],"can":[201],"implemented":[203],"ganglia":[207,220,246],"network.":[208],"presented":[210],"theory":[211,225,254],"brings":[212],"together":[213],"models":[214],"with":[221,258],"incentive":[223],"salience":[224],"single":[228],"simple":[229],"framework,":[230],"it":[232],"provides":[233],"mechanistic":[235],"insight":[236],"into":[237],"decision":[239],"processes":[240],"Moreover,":[252],"consistent":[257],"data":[259],"underpinnings":[262],"overeating":[264],"obesity,":[266],"makes":[268],"further":[269],"experimental":[270],"predictions.":[271]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-01-13T01:12:25.745995","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
