{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2919850041","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006839","title":"The gradient of the reinforcement landscape influences sensorimotor learning","display_name":"The gradient of the reinforcement landscape influences sensorimotor learning","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-03-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2919850041","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006839","mag":"2919850041","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30830902"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006839","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006839","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006839&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86033158","display_name":"PLoS Computational Biology","issn_l":"1553-734X","issn":["1553-734X","1553-7358"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS Computational Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006839&type=printable","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002416229","display_name":"Joshua G. A. Cashaback","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8642-6648"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168635309","display_name":"University of Calgary","ror":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168635309"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405260330","display_name":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03k51z204","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168635309","https://openalex.org/I4405260330"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Joshua G. A. Cashaback","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada","Human Performance Laboratory, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168635309","https://openalex.org/I4405260330"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Human Performance Laboratory, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168635309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083153316","display_name":"Christopher K. Lao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125749732","display_name":"Western University","ror":"https://ror.org/02grkyz14","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher K. Lao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085880862","display_name":"Dimitrios J. Palidis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4491-4557"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125749732","display_name":"Western University","ror":"https://ror.org/02grkyz14","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dimitrios J. Palidis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brain and Mind Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada","Department of Psychology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada","Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brain and Mind Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018173166","display_name":"Susan Coltman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3113-0911"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125749732","display_name":"Western University","ror":"https://ror.org/02grkyz14","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Susan K. Coltman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brain and Mind Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada","Department of Psychology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada","Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brain and Mind Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090840416","display_name":"Heather E. McGregor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7137-9041"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125749732","display_name":"Western University","ror":"https://ror.org/02grkyz14","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heather R. McGregor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brain and Mind Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada","Department of Psychology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada","Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brain and Mind Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044806170","display_name":"Paul L. Gribble","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1368-032X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125749732","display_name":"Western University","ror":"https://ror.org/02grkyz14","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1319306116","display_name":"Haskins Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/003j5cv40","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1319306116"]}],"countries":["CA","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Paul L. Gribble","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brain and Mind Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada","Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada","Department of Psychology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada","Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brain and Mind Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1319306116"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002416229","https://openalex.org/A5044806170"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125749732","https://openalex.org/I1319306116","https://openalex.org/I168635309","https://openalex.org/I4405260330"],"apc_list":{"value":2655,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2655},"apc_paid":{"value":2655,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2655},"fwci":3.4733,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":68,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9295655,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"3","first_page":"e1006839","last_page":"e1006839"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10982","display_name":"Motor Control and Adaptation","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10982","display_name":"Motor Control and Adaptation","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.9872000217437744,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10653","display_name":"Robot Manipulation and Learning","score":0.9842000007629395,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement","display_name":"Reinforcement","score":0.5693904161453247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.5653432607650757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/animal-behavior","display_name":"Animal behavior","score":0.5055892467498779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.43032222986221313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.358852744102478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.3424130380153656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.29359376430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.28425073623657227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zoology","display_name":"Zoology","score":0.10564464330673218}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67203356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321905","display_name":"Reinforcement","level":2,"score":0.5693904161453247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.5653432607650757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988419192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7155","display_name":"Animal behavior","level":2,"score":0.5055892467498779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.43032222986221313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.358852744102478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.3424130380153656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.29359376430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.28425073623657227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90856448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431","display_name":"Zoology","level":1,"score":0.10564464330673218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006225","descriptor_name":"Hand","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006225","descriptor_name":"Hand","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006225","descriptor_name":"Hand","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009048","descriptor_name":"Motor Skills","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009048","descriptor_name":"Motor Skills","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009048","descriptor_name":"Motor Skills","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011336","descriptor_name":"Probability","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011336","descriptor_name":"Probability","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011336","descriptor_name":"Probability","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012054","descriptor_name":"Reinforcement, Psychology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012054","descriptor_name":"Reinforcement, Psychology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012054","descriptor_name":"Reinforcement, Psychology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013647","descriptor_name":"Task Performance and Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013647","descriptor_name":"Task Performance and Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013647","descriptor_name":"Task Performance and Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006839","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006839","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006839&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86033158","display_name":"PLoS Computational Biology","issn_l":"1553-734X","issn":["1553-734X","1553-7358"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS Computational Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:30830902","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30830902","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLoS computational biology","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:plo:pcbi00:1006839","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006839","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3165ec3983bd4aa898bdc2bed36fc453","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3165ec3983bd4aa898bdc2bed36fc453","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PLoS Computational Biology, Vol 15, Iss 3, p e1006839 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:5425148","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6417747","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/7800245","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/The_gradient_of_the_reinforcement_landscape_influences_sensorimotor_learning/7800245","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Dataset"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ir.lib.uwo.ca:brainpub-1493","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/brainpub/492","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400648","display_name":"Scholarship@Western (Western University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I125749732","host_organization_name":"Western University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125749732"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006839","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006839","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006839&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86033158","display_name":"PLoS Computational Biology","issn_l":"1553-734X","issn":["1553-734X","1553-7358"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS Computational Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G146286059","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RGPIN 238338","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338069","funder_display_name":"Institute of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Addiction"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2165548363","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Canada","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","funder_display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3520130479","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RGPIN 238338","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","funder_display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6221715925","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RGPIN","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","funder_display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8339026412","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PJT-153447","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321487","funder_display_name":"Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321487","display_name":"Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338069","display_name":"Institute of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Addiction","ror":"https://ror.org/043tfr230"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2919850041.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2919850041.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1824988365","https://openalex.org/W1873164297","https://openalex.org/W1971904523","https://openalex.org/W1972983651","https://openalex.org/W1981578159","https://openalex.org/W1993101445","https://openalex.org/W2000209681","https://openalex.org/W2003375661","https://openalex.org/W2021742495","https://openalex.org/W2023688891","https://openalex.org/W2041946752","https://openalex.org/W2050549636","https://openalex.org/W2072509280","https://openalex.org/W2072863238","https://openalex.org/W2075987972","https://openalex.org/W2083905756","https://openalex.org/W2093356961","https://openalex.org/W2104440316","https://openalex.org/W2106539961","https://openalex.org/W2107726111","https://openalex.org/W2119930762","https://openalex.org/W2121044470","https://openalex.org/W2121863487","https://openalex.org/W2130609859","https://openalex.org/W2138131323","https://openalex.org/W2160413527","https://openalex.org/W2166732736","https://openalex.org/W2170585417","https://openalex.org/W2175592801","https://openalex.org/W2181409883","https://openalex.org/W2245919523","https://openalex.org/W2330855095","https://openalex.org/W2417049248","https://openalex.org/W2498756368","https://openalex.org/W2511716057","https://openalex.org/W2521692426","https://openalex.org/W2533902952","https://openalex.org/W2593477571","https://openalex.org/W2608378666","https://openalex.org/W2613867659","https://openalex.org/W2740562124","https://openalex.org/W2745009458","https://openalex.org/W2766421749","https://openalex.org/W2792821421","https://openalex.org/W2795398060","https://openalex.org/W2802548965","https://openalex.org/W2809294262","https://openalex.org/W2917724207","https://openalex.org/W2949090437","https://openalex.org/W4214717370","https://openalex.org/W6677916085"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4310083477","https://openalex.org/W2328553770","https://openalex.org/W2920061524","https://openalex.org/W1977959518","https://openalex.org/W2038908348","https://openalex.org/W2107890255","https://openalex.org/W2106552856","https://openalex.org/W2145821588","https://openalex.org/W2086122291","https://openalex.org/W1987513656"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Consideration":[0],"of":[1,14,38,58,65,84,98,109,177],"previous":[2],"successes":[3],"and":[4,21,148,174,193],"failures":[5],"is":[6,43],"essential":[7],"to":[8,73,132,137,161,198],"mastering":[9],"a":[10,35,55,62,95,112,133,138,146,149,168],"motor":[11,115,178],"skill.":[12],"Much":[13],"what":[15],"we":[16,47,77,102],"know":[17],"about":[18],"how":[19,46,79],"humans":[20,80],"animals":[22],"learn":[23,48],"from":[24,29,34,54],"such":[25],"reinforcement":[26,50,89,117],"feedback":[27,51,90],"comes":[28],"experiments":[30],"that":[31,91,126,152,170,185],"involve":[32],"sampling":[33,53],"small":[36],"number":[37],"discrete":[39],"actions.":[40,60,100],"Yet,":[41],"it":[42],"less":[44],"understood":[45],"through":[49],"when":[52,87,130,142],"continuous":[56,63,96],"set":[57,64,97],"possible":[59,66,99],"Navigating":[61],"actions":[67],"likely":[68,160],"requires":[69],"using":[70],"gradient":[71,135,151,196],"information":[72,197],"maximize":[74],"success.":[75],"Here":[76],"addressed":[78],"adapt":[81],"the":[82,104,107,163,186],"aim":[83],"their":[85],"hand":[86],"experiencing":[88],"was":[92],"associated":[93],"with":[94],"Specifically,":[101],"manipulated":[103],"change":[105,113],"in":[106,114,154],"probability":[108],"reward":[110],"given":[111],"action-the":[116],"gradient-to":[118],"study":[119],"its":[120],"influence":[121],"on":[122,190],"learning.":[123,179,200],"We":[124,166],"found":[125],"participants":[127,157],"learned":[128],"faster":[129],"exposed":[131],"steep":[134,147,164],"compared":[136],"shallow":[139,150],"gradient.":[140,165],"Further,":[141],"initially":[143],"positioned":[144],"between":[145],"rose":[153],"opposite":[155],"directions,":[156],"were":[158],"more":[159],"ascend":[162],"introduce":[167],"model":[169],"captures":[171],"our":[172,182],"results":[173],"several":[175],"features":[176],"Taken":[180],"together,":[181],"work":[183],"suggests":[184],"sensorimotor":[187],"system":[188],"relies":[189],"temporally":[191],"recent":[192],"spatially":[194],"local":[195],"drive":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-04-15T08:11:43.952461","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}