{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2883938833","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006265","title":"The evolutionary dynamics of metabolic protocells","display_name":"The evolutionary dynamics of metabolic protocells","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-07-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2883938833","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006265","mag":"2883938833","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30028838"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006265","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006265","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006265&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86033158","display_name":"PLoS Computational Biology","issn_l":"1553-734X","issn":["1553-734X","1553-7358"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS Computational Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006265&type=printable","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025699271","display_name":"Ximo Pechuan-Jorge","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8938-7931"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129975664","display_name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/05cf8a891","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129975664","https://openalex.org/I4210112371"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ximo Pechuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Systems and Computational Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems and Computational Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129975664"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019204173","display_name":"Raymond Puzio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8866-436X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129975664","display_name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/05cf8a891","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129975664","https://openalex.org/I4210112371"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Raymond Puzio","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Systems and Computational Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8866-436X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems and Computational Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129975664"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016173955","display_name":"Aviv Bergman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6340-2125"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129975664","display_name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/05cf8a891","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129975664","https://openalex.org/I4210112371"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1308548392","display_name":"Santa Fe Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01arysc35","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1308548392"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Aviv Bergman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America","Department of Systems and Computational Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America","Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America","Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Road, Santa Fe, New Mexico, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6340-2125","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129975664"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems and Computational Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129975664"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129975664"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Road, Santa Fe, New Mexico, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1308548392"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5016173955","https://openalex.org/A5019204173","https://openalex.org/A5025699271"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129975664","https://openalex.org/I1308548392"],"apc_list":{"value":2655,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2655},"apc_paid":{"value":2655,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2655},"fwci":0.4633,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71027877,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"7","first_page":"e1006265","last_page":"e1006265"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11445","display_name":"Origins and Evolution of Life","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11445","display_name":"Origins and Evolution of Life","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12236","display_name":"Photoreceptor and optogenetics research","score":0.9890999794006348,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11764","display_name":"Evolution and Genetic Dynamics","score":0.9886000156402588,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocell","display_name":"Protocell","score":0.9945908188819885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metabolic-network","display_name":"Metabolic network","score":0.5686984062194824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fitness-function","display_name":"Fitness function","score":0.48615095019340515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biological-system","display_name":"Biological system","score":0.44815242290496826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/redundancy","display_name":"Redundancy (engineering)","score":0.4407830834388733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.4199557304382324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3410557210445404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-biology","display_name":"Computational biology","score":0.25738978385925293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetics","display_name":"Genetics","score":0.20728257298469543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","score":0.10687041282653809}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114032466","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1389465","display_name":"Protocell","level":3,"score":0.9945908188819885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101810790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2263094","display_name":"Metabolic network","level":2,"score":0.5686984062194824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176066374","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629118","display_name":"Fitness function","level":3,"score":0.48615095019340515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186060115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30336093","display_name":"Biological system","level":1,"score":0.44815242290496826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152124472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1204361","display_name":"Redundancy (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.4407830834388733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.4199557304382324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3410557210445404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.25738978385925293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.20728257298469543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.10687041282653809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41625074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176088","display_name":"Membrane","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001669","descriptor_name":"Biochemical Phenomena","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001669","descriptor_name":"Biochemical Phenomena","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001669","descriptor_name":"Biochemical Phenomena","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002384","descriptor_name":"Catalysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002384","descriptor_name":"Catalysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002384","descriptor_name":"Catalysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007700","descriptor_name":"Kinetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007700","descriptor_name":"Kinetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007700","descriptor_name":"Kinetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008962","descriptor_name":"Models, Theoretical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008962","descriptor_name":"Models, Theoretical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008962","descriptor_name":"Models, Theoretical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009154","descriptor_name":"Mutation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009154","descriptor_name":"Mutation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009154","descriptor_name":"Mutation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012313","descriptor_name":"RNA","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012313","descriptor_name":"RNA","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012313","descriptor_name":"RNA","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019143","descriptor_name":"Evolution, Molecular","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019143","descriptor_name":"Evolution, Molecular","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019143","descriptor_name":"Evolution, Molecular","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D053858","descriptor_name":"Metabolic Networks and Pathways","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D053858","descriptor_name":"Metabolic Networks and Pathways","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D053858","descriptor_name":"Metabolic Networks and Pathways","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D058045","descriptor_name":"Artificial Cells","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058045","descriptor_name":"Artificial Cells","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058045","descriptor_name":"Artificial Cells","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006265","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006265","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006265&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86033158","display_name":"PLoS Computational Biology","issn_l":"1553-734X","issn":["1553-734X","1553-7358"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS Computational Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:30028838","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30028838","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLoS computational biology","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:51e4ac04cd7746eaafd345c3b3f62bbd","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/51e4ac04cd7746eaafd345c3b3f62bbd","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PLoS Computational Biology, Vol 14, Iss 7, p e1006265 (2018)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:5031657","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6070278","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/6845708","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/The_evolutionary_dynamics_of_metabolic_protocells/6845708","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Dataset"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006265","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006265","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006265&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86033158","display_name":"PLoS Computational Biology","issn_l":"1553-734X","issn":["1553-734X","1553-7358"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS Computational Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1084246994","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CA164468","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2325996138","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01-DA033788","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5032064356","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01-CA164468-01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8288036582","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NIH R01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310214","display_name":"Fundaci\u00f3n Ram\u00f3n Areces","ror":"https://ror.org/04ra91131"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2883938833.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2883938833.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W91684319","https://openalex.org/W1256551924","https://openalex.org/W1586920498","https://openalex.org/W1668115650","https://openalex.org/W1865631169","https://openalex.org/W1939609876","https://openalex.org/W1963851337","https://openalex.org/W1982326783","https://openalex.org/W1990834116","https://openalex.org/W1993748480","https://openalex.org/W2003792777","https://openalex.org/W2009481751","https://openalex.org/W2014228605","https://openalex.org/W2015251794","https://openalex.org/W2022145241","https://openalex.org/W2032941780","https://openalex.org/W2033873715","https://openalex.org/W2045979783","https://openalex.org/W2050110866","https://openalex.org/W2053806202","https://openalex.org/W2060915805","https://openalex.org/W2061425021","https://openalex.org/W2062079296","https://openalex.org/W2078355959","https://openalex.org/W2081781433","https://openalex.org/W2084936276","https://openalex.org/W2087895317","https://openalex.org/W2097398982","https://openalex.org/W2106962907","https://openalex.org/W2116844639","https://openalex.org/W2127092336","https://openalex.org/W2127723087","https://openalex.org/W2128651447","https://openalex.org/W2141141714","https://openalex.org/W2143649693","https://openalex.org/W2149299792","https://openalex.org/W2149819774","https://openalex.org/W2158225543","https://openalex.org/W2160059782","https://openalex.org/W2165693128","https://openalex.org/W2167062553","https://openalex.org/W2169712257","https://openalex.org/W2172133051","https://openalex.org/W2258189510","https://openalex.org/W2333229651","https://openalex.org/W2347016755","https://openalex.org/W2528792946","https://openalex.org/W2560750880","https://openalex.org/W2577653739","https://openalex.org/W2921617892","https://openalex.org/W2949128383","https://openalex.org/W3099582822","https://openalex.org/W4240695170"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2488224828","https://openalex.org/W2998115572","https://openalex.org/W2033867172","https://openalex.org/W2499941174","https://openalex.org/W4324018125","https://openalex.org/W2075143087","https://openalex.org/W2328915338","https://openalex.org/W2042444504","https://openalex.org/W1563026688","https://openalex.org/W2399881650"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Protocell":[0],"multilevel":[1],"selection":[2],"models":[3,44],"have":[4,145],"been":[5,146],"proposed":[6],"to":[7,198,212,236],"study":[8],"the":[9,26,39,46,51,60,70,83,99,105,120,129,134,149,152,159,162,166,178,181,184,190,200,205,208,214,218,238,241,245],"evolutionary":[10,154],"dynamics":[11,102],"of":[12,17,25,38,42,72,82,123,131,136,142,151,168,180,207,225,240],"vesicles":[13],"encapsulating":[14],"a":[15,34,94,111,115,124,196,233],"set":[16],"replicating,":[18],"competing":[19],"and":[20,54,139,170,229],"mutating":[21],"sequences.":[22],"The":[23,79],"frequency":[24],"different":[27],"sequence":[28,74,87],"types":[29],"determines":[30],"protocell":[31,52,106,112,153],"survival":[32],"through":[33],"fitness":[35,80,116],"function.":[36],"One":[37],"defining":[40],"features":[41,141],"these":[43,64],"is":[45,76,89],"genetic":[47],"load":[48,202],"generated":[49],"when":[50,69],"divides":[53],"its":[55,86],"sequences":[56,160,210],"are":[57,164,232],"assorted":[58],"between":[59],"offspring":[61],"vesicles.":[62],"However,":[63],"stochastic":[65],"assortment":[66,201],"effects":[67],"disappear":[68],"redundancy":[71,206],"each":[73],"type":[75],"sufficiently":[77],"high.":[78],"dependence":[81],"vesicle":[84,163],"with":[85,114,128],"content":[88],"usually":[90],"defined":[91],"without":[92],"considering":[93],"realistic":[95],"account":[96],"on":[97],"how":[98,133],"lower":[100],"level":[101],"would":[103,144],"specify":[104],"fitness.":[107],"Here,":[108],"we":[109,221],"present":[110],"model":[113],"function":[117],"determined":[118],"by":[119,148,188,203,244],"output":[121],"flux":[122],"simple":[125],"metabolic":[126,185],"network":[127,219,227],"aim":[130],"understanding":[132],"evolution":[135],"both":[137,165],"kinetic":[138,191],"topological":[140],"metabolism":[143,242],"constrained":[147],"particularities":[150],"dynamics.":[155],"In":[156],"our":[157],"model,":[158],"inside":[161],"carriers":[167],"information":[169],"Michaelis-Menten":[171],"catalysts":[172,182,231],"exhibiting":[173],"saturation.":[174],"We":[175],"found":[176],"that":[177,223],"saturation":[179],"controlling":[183],"fluxes,":[186],"achievable":[187],"modifying":[189],"or":[192],"stoichiometric":[193],"parameters,":[194],"provides":[195],"mechanism":[197],"ameliorate":[199],"increasing":[204],"catalytic":[209],"required":[211],"achieve":[213],"maximum":[215],"flux.":[216],"Regarding":[217],"architecture,":[220],"conclude":[222],"combinations":[224],"parallel":[226],"motifs":[228],"bimolecular":[230],"robust":[234],"way":[235],"increase":[237],"complexity":[239],"enclosed":[243],"protocell.":[246]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}