{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1979193800","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/ofc.2013.oth3c.1","title":"Spectral Pre-Distortion with FPGA and DAC at 448-Gb/s DP-16QAM Improving Nonlinear Threshold Power","display_name":"Spectral Pre-Distortion with FPGA and DAC at 448-Gb/s DP-16QAM Improving Nonlinear Threshold Power","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1979193800","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/ofc.2013.oth3c.1","mag":"1979193800"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1364/ofc.2013.oth3c.1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1364/ofc.2013.oth3c.1","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Optical Fiber Communication Conference/National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference 2013","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010506866","display_name":"W. Idler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5255-7255"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72090969","display_name":"Nokia (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/038km2573","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I72090969"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1322087612","display_name":"Alcatel Lucent (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/00c5mwp75","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322087612"]}],"countries":["DE","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"W. Idler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bell Labs, Alcatel-Lucent, Lorenzstr. 10, D-70435 Stuttgart, Germany","[Bell Labs Alcatel-Lucent, Stuttgart, Germany]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bell Labs, Alcatel-Lucent, Lorenzstr. 10, D-70435 Stuttgart, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1322087612"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Bell Labs Alcatel-Lucent, Stuttgart, Germany]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72090969"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084895021","display_name":"Fred Buchali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0565-9640"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1322087612","display_name":"Alcatel Lucent (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/00c5mwp75","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322087612"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72090969","display_name":"Nokia (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/038km2573","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I72090969"]}],"countries":["DE","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F. Buchali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bell Labs, Alcatel-Lucent, Lorenzstr. 10, D-70435 Stuttgart, Germany","[Bell Labs Alcatel-Lucent, Stuttgart, Germany]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bell Labs, Alcatel-Lucent, Lorenzstr. 10, D-70435 Stuttgart, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1322087612"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Bell Labs Alcatel-Lucent, Stuttgart, Germany]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72090969"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051863880","display_name":"Karsten Schuh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1322087612","display_name":"Alcatel Lucent (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/00c5mwp75","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322087612"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72090969","display_name":"Nokia (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/038km2573","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I72090969"]}],"countries":["DE","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Schuh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bell Labs, Alcatel-Lucent, Lorenzstr. 10, D-70435 Stuttgart, Germany","[Bell Labs Alcatel-Lucent, Stuttgart, Germany]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bell Labs, Alcatel-Lucent, Lorenzstr. 10, D-70435 Stuttgart, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1322087612"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Bell Labs Alcatel-Lucent, Stuttgart, Germany]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72090969"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039784377","display_name":"D. Roesener","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1322087612","display_name":"Alcatel Lucent (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/00c5mwp75","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322087612"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72090969","display_name":"Nokia (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/038km2573","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I72090969"]}],"countries":["DE","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Roesener","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bell Labs, Alcatel-Lucent, Lorenzstr. 10, D-70435 Stuttgart, Germany","[Bell Labs Alcatel-Lucent, Stuttgart, Germany]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bell Labs, Alcatel-Lucent, Lorenzstr. 10, D-70435 Stuttgart, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1322087612"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Bell Labs Alcatel-Lucent, Stuttgart, Germany]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72090969"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110961629","display_name":"E. Lach","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72090969","display_name":"Nokia (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/038km2573","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I72090969"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1322087612","display_name":"Alcatel Lucent (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/00c5mwp75","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322087612"]}],"countries":["DE","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. Lach","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bell Labs, Alcatel-Lucent, Lorenzstr. 10, D-70435 Stuttgart, Germany","[Bell Labs Alcatel-Lucent, Stuttgart, Germany]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bell Labs, Alcatel-Lucent, Lorenzstr. 10, D-70435 Stuttgart, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1322087612"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Bell Labs Alcatel-Lucent, Stuttgart, Germany]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72090969"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001389975","display_name":"A. Leven","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1322087612","display_name":"Alcatel Lucent (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/00c5mwp75","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322087612"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72090969","display_name":"Nokia (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/038km2573","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I72090969"]}],"countries":["DE","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Leven","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bell Labs, Alcatel-Lucent, Lorenzstr. 10, D-70435 Stuttgart, Germany","[Bell Labs Alcatel-Lucent, Stuttgart, Germany]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bell Labs, Alcatel-Lucent, Lorenzstr. 10, D-70435 Stuttgart, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1322087612"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Bell Labs Alcatel-Lucent, Stuttgart, Germany]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72090969"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5010506866"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1322087612","https://openalex.org/I72090969"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4729,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67246589,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"OTh3C.1","last_page":"OTh3C.1"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadrature-amplitude-modulation","display_name":"Quadrature amplitude modulation","score":0.7503584623336792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-distortion","display_name":"Nonlinear distortion","score":0.6912765502929688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distortion","display_name":"Distortion (music)","score":0.6850032210350037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5309281945228577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.5222052931785583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/total-harmonic-distortion","display_name":"Total harmonic distortion","score":0.506672203540802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.43061894178390503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.3982512652873993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.38531526923179626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3340032696723938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2680923342704773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.20738273859024048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.19843345880508423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.11621469259262085}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32409245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749753","display_name":"Quadrature amplitude modulation","level":4,"score":0.7503584623336792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173413354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7049470","display_name":"Nonlinear distortion","level":4,"score":0.6912765502929688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126780896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899871","display_name":"Distortion (music)","level":4,"score":0.6850032210350037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5309281945228577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.5222052931785583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42156128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162641","display_name":"Total harmonic distortion","level":3,"score":0.506672203540802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.43061894178390503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3982512652873993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.38531526923179626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3340032696723938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2680923342704773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.20738273859024048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.19843345880508423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.11621469259262085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1364/ofc.2013.oth3c.1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1364/ofc.2013.oth3c.1","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Optical Fiber Communication Conference/National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference 2013","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8700000047683716,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1981163519","https://openalex.org/W2090112131","https://openalex.org/W2110542136","https://openalex.org/W2115593260","https://openalex.org/W2118389733","https://openalex.org/W2126168411","https://openalex.org/W2147933191","https://openalex.org/W2158993931","https://openalex.org/W2521046911"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2544509054","https://openalex.org/W1977430766","https://openalex.org/W2243394282","https://openalex.org/W2359780122","https://openalex.org/W2298863895","https://openalex.org/W2001689509","https://openalex.org/W2391717006","https://openalex.org/W1492601442","https://openalex.org/W2187246476","https://openalex.org/W2358330745"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Non-linear":[0],"tolerance":[1],"measurements":[2],"of":[3,20,37],"DP-16QAM":[4],"(28":[5],"Gbd)":[6],"signals":[7],"with":[8],"transmitter":[9],"based":[10],"digital":[11],"signal":[12],"pre-distortion":[13,25],"are":[14],"reported,":[15],"showing":[16],"systematic":[17],"performance":[18],"gains":[19],"fibre":[21],"launch":[22],"power":[23],"versus":[24],"(~1.5":[26],"dB":[27],"for":[28],"6":[29],"uncompensated":[30],"SMF":[31],"spans)":[32],"and":[33],"a":[34],"distinct":[35],"reduction":[36],"the":[38],"non-linear":[39],"threshold":[40],"spans":[41],"scaling":[42],"factor.":[43]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}