{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2942216431","doi":"https://doi.org/10.13154/tches.v2019.i2.293-317","title":"Reducing a Masked Implementation\u2019s Effective Security Order with Setup Manipulations","display_name":"Reducing a Masked Implementation\u2019s Effective Security Order with Setup Manipulations","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-02-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2942216431","doi":"https://doi.org/10.13154/tches.v2019.i2.293-317","mag":"2942216431"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:dial.uclouvain.be:boreal:226195","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/226195","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401902","display_name":"Digital Access to Libraries (Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain (UCL), l'Universit\u00e9 de Namur (UNamur) and the Universit\u00e9 Saint-Louis (USL-B))","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I95674353","host_organization_name":"UCLouvain","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95674353"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems, Vol. 2019, no.2, p. 293-317 (2019)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["datacite","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/226195","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032341525","display_name":"Itamar Levi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5591-5799"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95674353","display_name":"UCLouvain","ror":"https://ror.org/02495e989","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95674353"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Levi, Itamar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain, ICTEAM/ELEN/Crypto Group"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain, ICTEAM/ELEN/Crypto Group","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95674353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090882290","display_name":"Davide Bellizia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6947-4410"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95674353","display_name":"UCLouvain","ror":"https://ror.org/02495e989","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95674353"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bellizia, Davide","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain, ICTEAM/ELEN/Crypto Group"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain, ICTEAM/ELEN/Crypto Group","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95674353"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070542865","display_name":"Fran\u00e7ois\u2010Xavier Standaert","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7444-0285"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95674353","display_name":"UCLouvain","ror":"https://ror.org/02495e989","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95674353"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Standaert, Fran\u00e7ois-Xavier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain, ICTEAM/ELEN/Crypto Group"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain, ICTEAM/ELEN/Crypto Group","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95674353"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9744,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85616612,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12495","display_name":"Electrostatic Discharge in Electronics","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/order","display_name":"Order (exchange)","score":0.628045916557312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5176203846931458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.22278764843940735}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.628045916557312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5176203846931458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.22278764843940735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:dial.uclouvain.be:boreal:226195","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/226195","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401902","display_name":"Digital Access to Libraries (Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain (UCL), l'Universit\u00e9 de Namur (UNamur) and the Universit\u00e9 Saint-Louis (USL-B))","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I95674353","host_organization_name":"UCLouvain","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95674353"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems, Vol. 2019, no.2, p. 293-317 (2019)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8369125323144cf1bb447e695a81c938","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8369125323144cf1bb447e695a81c938","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems, Vol 2019, Iss 2 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"doi:10.13154/tches.v2019.i2.293-317","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.13154/tches.v2019.i2.293-317","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407052971","display_name":"UB Bochum","issn_l":null,"issn":[],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:dial.uclouvain.be:boreal:226195","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/226195","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401902","display_name":"Digital Access to Libraries (Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain (UCL), l'Universit\u00e9 de Namur (UNamur) and the Universit\u00e9 Saint-Louis (USL-B))","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I95674353","host_organization_name":"UCLouvain","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95674353"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems, Vol. 2019, no.2, p. 293-317 (2019)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W2350741829","https://openalex.org/W2130043461","https://openalex.org/W2530322880","https://openalex.org/W1596801655"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Couplings":[0],"are":[1,255],"a":[2,59,146,153,215,226],"type":[3],"of":[4,18,39,49,58,73,85,130,152,166,181,194,205,237],"physical":[5],"default":[6],"that":[7,33,127,148,161,209,228,249,261],"can":[8,35,136,174,229,262],"violate":[9],"the":[10,15,19,46,56,71,74,81,96,99,110,119,128,162,191,203,206,238,250],"independence":[11],"assumption":[12],"needed":[13,102],"for":[14,218],"secure":[16],"implementation":[17],"masking":[20],"countermeasure.":[21],"Two":[22],"recent":[23],"works":[24,196],"by":[25,108,140,266],"De":[26],"Cnudde":[27],"et":[28],"al.":[29],"put":[30,159],"forward":[31,160],"qualitatively":[32],"couplings":[34,97],"cause":[36],"information":[37],"leakages":[38,52,132,208],"lower":[40,69],"order":[41,78,93],"than":[42,70],"theoretically":[43],"expected.":[44],"However,":[45],"(quantitative)":[47],"amplitude":[48,57,129],"these":[50,86,219],"lower-order":[51,207],"(e.g.,":[53,107],"measured":[54],"as":[55,63],"detection":[60],"metric":[61],"such":[62],"Welch\u2019s":[64],"T":[65],"statistic)":[66],"was":[67],"usually":[68],"one":[72],"(theoretically":[75],"expected)":[76],"dth":[77],"leakages.":[79],"So":[80],"actual":[82,267],"security":[83,164,183,252],"level":[84],"implementations":[87,135,173],"remained":[88],"unaffected.":[89],"In":[90,121],"addition,":[91],"in":[92,133,145,235],"to":[94,103,178,197,201,232,258],"make":[95],"visible,":[98],"authors":[100],"sometimes":[101],"amplify":[104],"them":[105,234],"internally":[106],"tweaking":[109,141],"placement":[111],"and":[112,170,224,243],"routing":[113],"or":[114],"iterating":[115],"linear":[116],"operations":[117],"on":[118,222],"shares).":[120],"this":[122,186],"paper,":[123],"we":[124,188,210],"first":[125],"show":[126],"low-order":[131],"masked":[134],"be":[137,175,230,263],"amplified":[138],"externally,":[139],"side-channel":[142],"measurement":[143,239],"setups":[144],"way":[147],"is":[149],"under":[150],"control":[151],"power":[154],"analysis":[155],"adversary.":[156],"Our":[157],"experiments":[158],"\u201ceffective":[163],"order\u201d":[165],"both":[167],"hardware":[168],"(FPGA)":[169],"software":[171],"(ARM-32)":[172],"reduced,":[176],"leading":[177],"concrete":[179],"reductions":[180],"their":[182],"level.":[184],"For":[185],"purpose,":[187],"move":[189],"from":[190],"detection-based":[192],"analyzes":[193],"previous":[195],"attack-based":[198],"evaluations,":[199],"allowing":[200],"confirm":[202],"exploitability":[204],"amplify.":[211],"We":[212,247],"also":[213],"provide":[214],"tentative":[216],"explanation":[217],"effects":[220],"based":[221],"couplings,":[223],"describe":[225],"model":[227],"used":[231],"predict":[233],"function":[236],"setup\u2019s":[240],"external":[241],"resistor":[242],"implementation\u2019s":[244],"supply":[245],"voltage.":[246],"posit":[248],"effective":[251],"orders":[253],"observed":[254],"mainly":[256],"due":[257],"\u201cexternally-amplified":[259],"couplings\u201d":[260],"systematically":[264],"exploited":[265],"adversaries.":[268]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
