{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2045190844","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1305/ndjfl/1093635243","title":"Objects and existence: reflections on free logic.","display_name":"Objects and existence: reflections on free logic.","publication_year":1989,"publication_date":"1989-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2045190844","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1305/ndjfl/1093635243","mag":"2045190844"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1305/ndjfl/1093635243","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1305/ndjfl/1093635243","pdf_url":"https://projecteuclid.org/journals/notre-dame-journal-of-formal-logic/volume-30/issue-4/Objects-and-existence-reflections-on-free-logic/10.1305/ndjfl/1093635243.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S78544662","display_name":"Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic","issn_l":"0029-4527","issn":["0029-4527","1939-0726"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315698","host_organization_name":"Duke University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315698","https://openalex.org/P4310315572"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Duke University Press","Duke University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://projecteuclid.org/journals/notre-dame-journal-of-formal-logic/volume-30/issue-4/Objects-and-existence-reflections-on-free-logic/10.1305/ndjfl/1093635243.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015368505","display_name":"Richard L. Mendelsohn","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Richard L. Mendelsohn","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015368505"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3988,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6493014,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"4","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10258","display_name":"Philosophy and Theoretical Science","score":0.923799991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10258","display_name":"Philosophy and Theoretical Science","score":0.923799991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quine","display_name":"Quine","score":0.8933953642845154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/predicate","display_name":"Predicate (mathematical logic)","score":0.6995190978050232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpretation","display_name":"Interpretation (philosophy)","score":0.6200023293495178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/predicate-logic","display_name":"Predicate logic","score":0.6091711521148682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.5442966222763062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/predicate-variable","display_name":"Predicate variable","score":0.4646223485469818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4492458701133728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.4328109920024872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.43212050199508667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calculus","display_name":"Calculus (dental)","score":0.3488435745239258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.288467139005661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zeroth-order-logic","display_name":"Zeroth-order logic","score":0.15613606572151184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimodal-logic","display_name":"Multimodal logic","score":0.13954025506973267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.13921841979026794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.139175146818161}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9270016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1047886","display_name":"Quine","level":2,"score":0.8933953642845154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140146324","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1144319","display_name":"Predicate (mathematical logic)","level":2,"score":0.6995190978050232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527412718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q855395","display_name":"Interpretation (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.6200023293495178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19689857","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4055684","display_name":"Predicate logic","level":3,"score":0.6091711521148682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.5442966222763062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73314972","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10531432","display_name":"Predicate variable","level":5,"score":0.4646223485469818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4492458701133728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.4328109920024872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.43212050199508667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777686260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q144037","display_name":"Calculus (dental)","level":2,"score":0.3488435745239258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.288467139005661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110039528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8069651","display_name":"Zeroth-order logic","level":4,"score":0.15613606572151184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203659156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6934805","display_name":"Multimodal logic","level":3,"score":0.13954025506973267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.13921841979026794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.139175146818161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199343813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128","display_name":"Dentistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102993220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q387196","display_name":"Description logic","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1305/ndjfl/1093635243","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1305/ndjfl/1093635243","pdf_url":"https://projecteuclid.org/journals/notre-dame-journal-of-formal-logic/volume-30/issue-4/Objects-and-existence-reflections-on-free-logic/10.1305/ndjfl/1093635243.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S78544662","display_name":"Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic","issn_l":"0029-4527","issn":["0029-4527","1939-0726"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315698","host_organization_name":"Duke University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315698","https://openalex.org/P4310315572"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Duke University Press","Duke University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CULeuclid:euclid.ndjfl/1093635243","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://projecteuclid.org/euclid.ndjfl/1093635243","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400787","display_name":"Project Euclid (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1305/ndjfl/1093635243","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1305/ndjfl/1093635243","pdf_url":"https://projecteuclid.org/journals/notre-dame-journal-of-formal-logic/volume-30/issue-4/Objects-and-existence-reflections-on-free-logic/10.1305/ndjfl/1093635243.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S78544662","display_name":"Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic","issn_l":"0029-4527","issn":["0029-4527","1939-0726"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315698","host_organization_name":"Duke University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315698","https://openalex.org/P4310315572"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Duke University Press","Duke University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.5699999928474426}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309102","display_name":"City University of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/00453a208"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332477","display_name":"Graduate Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00awd9g61"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2045190844.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2045190844.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W6204907","https://openalex.org/W1911653709","https://openalex.org/W1985947713","https://openalex.org/W2031636584","https://openalex.org/W2045439236","https://openalex.org/W2162666133","https://openalex.org/W2185913114","https://openalex.org/W2313340772","https://openalex.org/W2315401572","https://openalex.org/W2327031981","https://openalex.org/W4230547059","https://openalex.org/W4253113775","https://openalex.org/W6631002354","https://openalex.org/W6631049051","https://openalex.org/W6661912263","https://openalex.org/W6698675169","https://openalex.org/W6698869351","https://openalex.org/W6701368729","https://openalex.org/W6730371690","https://openalex.org/W6817816139","https://openalex.org/W6830647539","https://openalex.org/W6834519519"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4147469","https://openalex.org/W2370231096","https://openalex.org/W4388294919","https://openalex.org/W1518138802","https://openalex.org/W19518518","https://openalex.org/W2288835708","https://openalex.org/W2355149807","https://openalex.org/W1945403953","https://openalex.org/W4236259429","https://openalex.org/W2004906465"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"It":[0],"is":[1,60,81,85,100,133,137,146],"usual":[2],"in":[3,102,122,129,139],"free":[4,8],"logic":[5,141],"to":[6,15,40,52,126],"regard":[7],"variables":[9,28],"and":[10,14,56],"constants":[11,34],"as":[12,37,106,142],"alike,":[13],"distinguish":[16],"them":[17],"semantically":[18],"from":[19],"bound":[20],"variables.":[21],"In":[22],"the":[23,57,78,91,103,130,135,140],"present":[24],"treatment,":[25],"by":[26],"contrast,":[27],"are":[29,35,50],"handled":[30],"uniformly,":[31],"while":[32],"individual":[33],"regarded":[36],"surface":[38,104],"artifacts":[39],"be":[41,120],"fleshed":[42],"out":[43],"for":[44],"deepstructure":[45],"predicate":[46],"constructions.":[47],"Philosophical":[48],"reasons":[49],"presented":[51],"support":[53],"this":[54],"interpretation;":[55],"logical":[58],"construction":[59],"described":[61],"informally.":[62],"The":[63],"main":[64],"idea":[65],"involves":[66],"a":[67,87,113,116,127],"threefold":[68],"refinement":[69],"of":[70,74,90,93],"Quine's":[71],"Russellian":[72],"treatment":[73],"proper":[75],"names.":[76],"First,":[77],"existence":[79],"clause":[80],"eliminated.":[82],"Second,":[83],"uniqueness":[84],"made":[86],"formal":[88],"aspect":[89],"symbolization":[92],"singular":[94,117],"predicates.":[95],"Third,":[96],"no":[97],"scope":[98,132,145],"distinction":[99],"marked":[101],"structure,":[105],"with":[107],"Russels":[108],"iota-notation,":[109],"so":[110],"that,":[111],"although":[112],"sentence":[114,136],"involving":[115],"term":[118],"might":[119],"read":[121],"different":[123],"ways,":[124],"corresponding":[125],"difference":[128],"way":[131],"reckoned,":[134],"treated":[138],"if":[143],"that":[144],"unknown.":[147]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
