{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2124213872","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.1060.0220","title":"Complementarity and Evolution of Contractual Provisions: An Empirical Study of IT Services Contracts","display_name":"Complementarity and Evolution of Contractual Provisions: An Empirical Study of IT Services Contracts","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2124213872","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.1060.0220","mag":"2124213872"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1287/orsc.1060.0220","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.1060.0220","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S206124708","display_name":"Organization Science","issn_l":"1047-7039","issn":["1047-7039","1526-5455"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315699","host_organization_name":"Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315699"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Organization Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089185685","display_name":"Nicholas Argyres","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4851-8258"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","display_name":"Boston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nicholas S. Argyres","raw_affiliation_strings":["Boston University School of Management, 595 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215","Boston University, School of Management, 595 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boston University School of Management, 595 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boston University, School of Management, 595 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109508687","display_name":"Janet Bercovitz","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Janet Bercovitz","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Business, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1206 South Sixth Street, Champaign, Illinois 61820"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Business, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1206 South Sixth Street, Champaign, Illinois 61820","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011330385","display_name":"Kyle J. Mayer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3578-3124"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kyle J. Mayer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Management and Organization Department, Marshall School of Business, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0808","Management and Organization Department, Marshall School of Business, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0808#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Management and Organization Department, Marshall School of Business, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0808","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Management and Organization Department, Marshall School of Business, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0808#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5089185685"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":45.179,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":364,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99787047,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"1","first_page":"3","last_page":"19"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10003","display_name":"Innovation and Knowledge Management","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10003","display_name":"Innovation and Knowledge Management","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11437","display_name":"Digital Platforms and Economics","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13402","display_name":"Business Strategy and Innovation","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complementarity","display_name":"Complementarity (molecular biology)","score":0.8376131057739258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contingency","display_name":"Contingency","score":0.7921352982521057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contingency-theory","display_name":"Contingency theory","score":0.5525969862937927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contract-management","display_name":"Contract management","score":0.5417633056640625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.5074226260185242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-organization","display_name":"Industrial organization","score":0.46446532011032104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.4494098722934723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microeconomics","display_name":"Microeconomics","score":0.4463738203048706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empirical-evidence","display_name":"Empirical evidence","score":0.44487279653549194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.41294023394584656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing","display_name":"Marketing","score":0.3432185649871826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/management","display_name":"Management","score":0.1707310676574707}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202269582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2644277","display_name":"Complementarity (molecular biology)","level":2,"score":0.8376131057739258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97508593","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1359069","display_name":"Contingency","level":2,"score":0.7921352982521057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60297154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434943","display_name":"Contingency theory","level":2,"score":0.5525969862937927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55451941","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1783273","display_name":"Contract management","level":2,"score":0.5417633056640625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5074226260185242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.46446532011032104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.4494098722934723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.4463738203048706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166052673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83021","display_name":"Empirical evidence","level":2,"score":0.44487279653549194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.41294023394584656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.3432185649871826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.1707310676574707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1287/orsc.1060.0220","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.1060.0220","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S206124708","display_name":"Organization Science","issn_l":"1047-7039","issn":["1047-7039","1526-5455"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315699","host_organization_name":"Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315699"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Organization Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:inm:ororsc:v:18:y:2007:i:1:p:3-19","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.1060.0220","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":80,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W286295083","https://openalex.org/W1484872408","https://openalex.org/W1485535210","https://openalex.org/W1512071239","https://openalex.org/W1522150507","https://openalex.org/W1527021067","https://openalex.org/W1530407286","https://openalex.org/W1548829586","https://openalex.org/W1549472903","https://openalex.org/W1565325499","https://openalex.org/W1566344170","https://openalex.org/W1573996519","https://openalex.org/W1597451533","https://openalex.org/W1684540946","https://openalex.org/W1841873590","https://openalex.org/W1849211419","https://openalex.org/W1853704261","https://openalex.org/W1965080745","https://openalex.org/W1966565904","https://openalex.org/W1983272981","https://openalex.org/W1994146145","https://openalex.org/W2001606006","https://openalex.org/W2007413532","https://openalex.org/W2009315055","https://openalex.org/W2018514036","https://openalex.org/W2019313285","https://openalex.org/W2021301441","https://openalex.org/W2026999211","https://openalex.org/W2038810444","https://openalex.org/W2040656473","https://openalex.org/W2040887961","https://openalex.org/W2043593255","https://openalex.org/W2044648126","https://openalex.org/W2050529174","https://openalex.org/W2050654912","https://openalex.org/W2055667918","https://openalex.org/W2057744370","https://openalex.org/W2068673986","https://openalex.org/W2070639717","https://openalex.org/W2078094607","https://openalex.org/W2082846589","https://openalex.org/W2084424907","https://openalex.org/W2087081306","https://openalex.org/W2098910318","https://openalex.org/W2099137380","https://openalex.org/W2100849952","https://openalex.org/W2109204622","https://openalex.org/W2109280325","https://openalex.org/W2111368681","https://openalex.org/W2116808919","https://openalex.org/W2117455041","https://openalex.org/W2126217461","https://openalex.org/W2132081716","https://openalex.org/W2137358449","https://openalex.org/W2140614071","https://openalex.org/W2142257426","https://openalex.org/W2143943407","https://openalex.org/W2148897567","https://openalex.org/W2149902237","https://openalex.org/W2151388372","https://openalex.org/W2157493871","https://openalex.org/W2313669096","https://openalex.org/W2319350549","https://openalex.org/W2495086661","https://openalex.org/W2566856888","https://openalex.org/W2752617332","https://openalex.org/W2775225997","https://openalex.org/W3016265253","https://openalex.org/W3022339544","https://openalex.org/W3121147769","https://openalex.org/W3121173166","https://openalex.org/W3123480830","https://openalex.org/W3123830417","https://openalex.org/W3124140110","https://openalex.org/W3124719057","https://openalex.org/W3125571233","https://openalex.org/W3148319291","https://openalex.org/W4239165408","https://openalex.org/W4250731756","https://openalex.org/W4301066124"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2090010174","https://openalex.org/W2029497572","https://openalex.org/W2320126197","https://openalex.org/W1974731633","https://openalex.org/W1967488970","https://openalex.org/W2116050589","https://openalex.org/W3197732095","https://openalex.org/W2375002256","https://openalex.org/W2073022112","https://openalex.org/W2610924862"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"increasing":[1],"volume":[2],"of":[3,29,75,112,138,160],"business":[4],"activity":[5],"appears":[6],"to":[7,127,162,174],"be":[8],"occurring":[9],"via":[10],"alliances":[11],"or":[12,35,84,90],"other":[13],"interfirm":[14],"arrangements":[15],"in":[16,32,56,81,109,150,180],"which":[17,57,87,115],"complex":[18],"contracts":[19,85,105,140,199],"are":[20,62,79,93,119,124,202],"featured,":[21],"yet":[22],"there":[23],"has":[24,43,48],"been":[25,44,49],"relatively":[26],"little":[27],"study":[28],"contract":[30],"design":[31],"the":[33,70,110],"strategy":[34,58],"management":[36],"literatures.":[37],"The":[38],"economics":[39],"literature":[40],"on":[41],"contracting":[42],"extensive,":[45],"but":[46,192],"it":[47],"less":[50],"concerned":[51],"with":[52,114,189,194],"learning":[53,161,190],"and":[54,59,98,121,144,200],"evolution\u2014phenomena":[55],"organization":[60],"scholars":[61],"deeply":[63],"interested.":[64],"In":[65,129],"this":[66,130,156],"paper,":[67,131],"we":[68,132],"investigate":[69],"relationship":[71],"between":[72,170],"two":[73,171],"types":[74],"contractual":[76,151],"provisions":[77,118],"that":[78,104,122,141,155,167,185,198],"important":[80],"high-technology":[82],"contracts,":[83,182],"for":[86],"environmental":[88],"uncertainty":[89],"technological":[91],"complexity":[92],"significant,":[94],"namely,":[95],"contingency":[96,142,178],"planning":[97,143,179],"task":[99,145],"description.":[100],"Previous":[101],"research":[102],"suggests":[103],"can":[106],"vary":[107],"significantly":[108],"degree":[111],"detail":[113],"such":[116],"key":[117],"written,":[120],"they":[123],"each":[125],"subject":[126],"learning.":[128],"find":[133,166],"evidence":[134],"from":[135],"a":[136,183],"sample":[137],"386":[139],"description":[146],"behave":[147],"as":[148],"complements":[149],"design.":[152],"We":[153,164],"argue":[154],"complementarity":[157],"reflects":[158],"patterns":[159],"contract.":[163],"also":[165,187],"repeated":[168],"exchange":[169],"firms":[172],"leads":[173],"greater":[175],"effort":[176],"at":[177],"subsequent":[181],"finding":[184],"is":[186],"consistent":[188],"effects,":[191],"not":[193],"frequently":[195],"made":[196],"claims":[197],"trust":[201],"substitutes.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":30}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}