{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2099342731","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1207/s15516709cog0000_39","title":"Distinguishing Between Causes and Enabling Conditions\u2014Through Mental Models or Linguistic Cues?","display_name":"Distinguishing Between Causes and Enabling Conditions\u2014Through Mental Models or Linguistic Cues?","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2099342731","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1207/s15516709cog0000_39","mag":"2099342731","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21702804"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1207/s15516709cog0000_39","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1207/s15516709cog0000_39","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1207/s15516709cog0000_39","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S78735424","display_name":"Cognitive Science","issn_l":"0364-0213","issn":["0364-0213","1551-6709"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cognitive Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1207/s15516709cog0000_39","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006498309","display_name":"Gregory Kuhnm\u00fcnch","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161046081","display_name":"University of Freiburg","ror":"https://ror.org/0245cg223","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161046081"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gregory Kuhnm\u00fcnch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of Freiburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of Freiburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161046081"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041729360","display_name":"Sieghard Beller","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161046081","display_name":"University of Freiburg","ror":"https://ror.org/0245cg223","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161046081"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sieghard Beller","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of Freiburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of Freiburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161046081"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006498309","https://openalex.org/A5041729360"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161046081"],"apc_list":{"value":3810,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3810},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2966,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89644996,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"6","first_page":"1077","last_page":"1090"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12805","display_name":"Cognitive Science and Mapping","score":0.9211000204086304,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12805","display_name":"Cognitive Science and Mapping","score":0.9211000204086304,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11148","display_name":"Language, Metaphor, and Cognition","score":0.9108999967575073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.5817350149154663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.5687479972839355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-psychology","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","score":0.4779677093029022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-science","display_name":"Cognitive science","score":0.4384876787662506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mental-model","display_name":"Mental model","score":0.43749797344207764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.08448544144630432}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.5817350149154663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5687479972839355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.4779677093029022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.4384876787662506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2982912361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1851867","display_name":"Mental model","level":2,"score":0.43749797344207764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.08448544144630432}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1207/s15516709cog0000_39","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1207/s15516709cog0000_39","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1207/s15516709cog0000_39","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S78735424","display_name":"Cognitive Science","issn_l":"0364-0213","issn":["0364-0213","1551-6709"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cognitive Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:21702804","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21702804","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cognitive science","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1207/s15516709cog0000_39","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1207/s15516709cog0000_39","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1207/s15516709cog0000_39","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S78735424","display_name":"Cognitive Science","issn_l":"0364-0213","issn":["0364-0213","1551-6709"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cognitive Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6700000166893005,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1488025282","https://openalex.org/W1505702625","https://openalex.org/W1695247085","https://openalex.org/W1971771969","https://openalex.org/W2027596611","https://openalex.org/W2030364704","https://openalex.org/W2039933150","https://openalex.org/W2086452827","https://openalex.org/W2108032050","https://openalex.org/W2119129799","https://openalex.org/W2132957878","https://openalex.org/W2156794153","https://openalex.org/W2595326376","https://openalex.org/W4237034108","https://openalex.org/W4250595197","https://openalex.org/W4250603016"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2931662336","https://openalex.org/W2077865380","https://openalex.org/W2134894512","https://openalex.org/W2053487507","https://openalex.org/W2765597752","https://openalex.org/W2083375246","https://openalex.org/W2067108088","https://openalex.org/W2085372204","https://openalex.org/W4391301621"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"mental":[1],"model":[2],"theory":[3],"of":[4,30,32,51,116,122,131],"naive":[5],"causal":[6,37,143],"understanding":[7],"and":[8,24,69,97,118,142],"reasoning":[9],"(Goldvarg":[10],"&":[11],"Johnson-Laird,":[12],"2001,":[13],"Cognitive":[14],"Science,":[15],"25,":[16],"565-610)":[17],"claims":[18],"that":[19,34,58,93,119,139],"people":[20,103],"distinguish":[21],"between":[22],"causes":[23,96],"enabling":[25,67,98],"conditions":[26,99],"on":[27,106,112],"the":[28,40,48,76,107,113,132],"basis":[29],"sets":[31],"models":[33,52,117,123],"represent":[35],"possible":[36],"situations.":[38],"In":[39],"tasks":[41],"used":[42],"to":[43,62,71,91],"test":[44],"this":[45,79,120],"hypothesis,":[46],"however,":[47],"proposed":[49,114],"set":[50,115,121],"was":[53],"confounded":[54],"with":[55],"linguistic":[56,108],"cues":[57,109],"frame":[59],"which":[60,70],"event":[61],"assume":[63],"as":[64,73],"given":[65],"(the":[66,81],"condition)":[68],"consider":[72],"responsible":[74],"for":[75],"effect":[77],"under":[78],"assumption":[80],"cause).":[82],"By":[83],"disentangling":[84],"these":[85,101],"two":[86],"factors,":[87],"we":[88],"were":[89],"able":[90],"show":[92],"when":[94],"identifying":[95],"in":[100],"tasks,":[102],"rely":[104],"strongly":[105],"but":[110],"not":[111,125],"does":[124],"even":[126],"reflect":[127],"people's":[128],"typical":[129],"interpretation":[130],"tasks.":[133],"We":[134],"propose":[135],"an":[136],"alternative":[137],"explanation":[138],"integrates":[140],"syntactic":[141],"considerations.":[144]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}