{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2117999309","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1207/s15516709cog0000_33","title":"Content Differences for Abstract and Concrete Concepts","display_name":"Content Differences for Abstract and Concrete Concepts","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2117999309","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1207/s15516709cog0000_33","mag":"2117999309","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21702791"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1207/s15516709cog0000_33","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1207/s15516709cog0000_33","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S78735424","display_name":"Cognitive Science","issn_l":"0364-0213","issn":["0364-0213","1551-6709"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cognitive Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069600872","display_name":"Katja Wiemer-Hastings","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102502594","display_name":"Northern Illinois University","ror":"https://ror.org/012wxa772","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102502594"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Katja Katja Wiemer\u2010Hastings","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, Northern Illinois University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Northern Illinois University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102502594"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100340400","display_name":"Xu Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8790-3103"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102502594","display_name":"Northern Illinois University","ror":"https://ror.org/012wxa772","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102502594"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xu Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, Northern Illinois University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Northern Illinois University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102502594"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069600872"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102502594"],"apc_list":{"value":3810,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3810},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.2157,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":270,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92414543,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"5","first_page":"719","last_page":"736"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13083","display_name":"Advanced Text Analysis Techniques","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13083","display_name":"Advanced Text Analysis Techniques","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11148","display_name":"Language, Metaphor, and Cognition","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10656","display_name":"Child and Animal Learning Development","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.6534854769706726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.651095986366272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.6355618238449097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5855682492256165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.5517768263816833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/content","display_name":"Content (measure theory)","score":0.512122631072998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.48886626958847046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"Cognition","score":0.4259190559387207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.3538835942745209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-psychology","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","score":0.35336023569107056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-science","display_name":"Cognitive science","score":0.3419901728630066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.32501864433288574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.24163982272148132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.13236236572265625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1163339614868164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.05720946192741394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.05701902508735657}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6534854769706726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.651095986366272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.6355618238449097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5855682492256165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5517768263816833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778152352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165061","display_name":"Content (measure theory)","level":2,"score":0.512122631072998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.48886626958847046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.4259190559387207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3538835942745209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.35336023569107056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.3419901728630066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.32501864433288574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.24163982272148132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.13236236572265625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1163339614868164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.05720946192741394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.05701902508735657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1207/s15516709cog0000_33","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1207/s15516709cog0000_33","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S78735424","display_name":"Cognitive Science","issn_l":"0364-0213","issn":["0364-0213","1551-6709"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cognitive Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:21702791","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21702791","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cognitive science","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6700000166893005,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2751752","https://openalex.org/W123366752","https://openalex.org/W254752099","https://openalex.org/W1483155202","https://openalex.org/W1507509966","https://openalex.org/W1550366119","https://openalex.org/W1562202797","https://openalex.org/W1981352964","https://openalex.org/W1985449126","https://openalex.org/W1996950710","https://openalex.org/W2000255081","https://openalex.org/W2013224592","https://openalex.org/W2017433125","https://openalex.org/W2020007302","https://openalex.org/W2025668003","https://openalex.org/W2035120113","https://openalex.org/W2035935952","https://openalex.org/W2041051719","https://openalex.org/W2049626874","https://openalex.org/W2056882396","https://openalex.org/W2059975159","https://openalex.org/W2066427149","https://openalex.org/W2073345018","https://openalex.org/W2083303100","https://openalex.org/W2086343815","https://openalex.org/W2093540609","https://openalex.org/W2102491957","https://openalex.org/W2114826854","https://openalex.org/W2116254770","https://openalex.org/W2130979824","https://openalex.org/W2135251234","https://openalex.org/W2139121205","https://openalex.org/W2150375089","https://openalex.org/W2169231813","https://openalex.org/W2175268987","https://openalex.org/W2612152805","https://openalex.org/W2806053047","https://openalex.org/W3021091992","https://openalex.org/W4251441988","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4250539519","https://openalex.org/W2062195135","https://openalex.org/W4294018197","https://openalex.org/W4233433299","https://openalex.org/W3147584709","https://openalex.org/W2379384513","https://openalex.org/W2795079307","https://openalex.org/W2213288308","https://openalex.org/W2885875797","https://openalex.org/W2903221017"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Concept":[0],"properties":[1,20,69,72],"are":[2],"an":[3],"integral":[4],"part":[5],"of":[6,8,21,33,49,102,121],"theories":[7],"conceptual":[9,19],"representation":[10],"and":[11,36,70,84,125],"processing.":[12],"To":[13],"date,":[14],"little":[15],"is":[16],"known":[17],"about":[18],"abstract":[22,35,83,110],"concepts,":[23,39],"such":[24],"as":[25,118],"idea.":[26],"This":[27],"experiment":[28],"systematically":[29],"compared":[30],"the":[31,50],"content":[32],"18":[34,37],"concrete":[38,77,85,113],"using":[40],"a":[41,119],"feature":[42],"generation":[43],"task.":[44],"Thirty-one":[45],"participants":[46],"listed":[47],"characteristics":[48],"concepts":[51,63,86,95],"(i.e.,":[52,59],"item":[53,68],"properties)":[54],"or":[55],"their":[56],"relevant":[57],"context":[58,60],"properties).":[61],"Abstract":[62,94],"had":[64],"significantly":[65,106],"fewer":[66],"intrinsic":[67],"more":[71],"expressing":[73],"subjective":[74],"experiences":[75],"than":[76,111],"concepts.":[78,114],"Situation":[79],"components":[80],"generated":[81],"for":[82,109,112],"differed":[87],"in":[88,92],"kind,":[89],"but":[90],"not":[91],"number.":[93],"were":[96,105],"predominantly":[97],"related":[98],"to":[99],"social":[100],"aspects":[101],"situations.":[103],"Properties":[104],"less":[107],"specific":[108],"Thus,":[115],"abstractness":[116],"emerged":[117],"function":[120],"several,":[122],"both":[123],"qualitative":[124],"quantitative,":[126],"factors.":[127]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-06-02T09:04:35.204637","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
