{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2079647077","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327590ijhc1104_2","title":"Templates for Search Queries: A User-Centered Feature for Improving Web Search Tools","display_name":"Templates for Search Queries: A User-Centered Feature for Improving Web Search Tools","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2079647077","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327590ijhc1104_2","mag":"2079647077"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1207/s15327590ijhc1104_2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327590ijhc1104_2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S165559636","display_name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction","issn_l":"1044-7318","issn":["1044-7318","1532-7590"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Human\u2013Computer Interaction","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110185534","display_name":"Xiaowen Fang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiaowen Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109938578","display_name":"Gavriel Salvendy","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gavriel Salvendy","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5110185534"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6469,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88851831,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"4","first_page":"301","last_page":"315"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10286","display_name":"Information Retrieval and Search Behavior","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10286","display_name":"Information Retrieval and Search Behavior","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10203","display_name":"Recommender Systems and Techniques","score":0.9794999957084656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10470","display_name":"Usability and User Interface Design","score":0.9690999984741211,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7530269026756287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-engine","display_name":"Search engine","score":0.7294335961341858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.6396644115447998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchy","display_name":"Hierarchy","score":0.5269573330879211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metasearch-engine","display_name":"Metasearch engine","score":0.5106654763221741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-search-engine","display_name":"Web search engine","score":0.5025992393493652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-analytics","display_name":"Search analytics","score":0.48632296919822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.48029157519340515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-search-query","display_name":"Web search query","score":0.45193445682525635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-satisfaction","display_name":"User satisfaction","score":0.44089168310165405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/template","display_name":"Template","score":0.43746957182884216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.41511765122413635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.35554084181785583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.21676591038703918}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7530269026756287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97854310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19541","display_name":"Search engine","level":2,"score":0.7294335961341858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.6396644115447998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31170391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188619","display_name":"Hierarchy","level":2,"score":0.5269573330879211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173979980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q114106","display_name":"Metasearch engine","level":4,"score":0.5106654763221741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521815418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4182287","display_name":"Web search engine","level":4,"score":0.5025992393493652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14838553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7441639","display_name":"Search analytics","level":4,"score":0.48632296919822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.48029157519340515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164120249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q995982","display_name":"Web search query","level":3,"score":0.45193445682525635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017893058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q999278","display_name":"User satisfaction","level":2,"score":0.44089168310165405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82714645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q438331","display_name":"Template","level":2,"score":0.43746957182884216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.41511765122413635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.35554084181785583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.21676591038703918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1207/s15327590ijhc1104_2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327590ijhc1104_2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S165559636","display_name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction","issn_l":"1044-7318","issn":["1044-7318","1532-7590"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Human\u2013Computer Interaction","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W14221735","https://openalex.org/W1964849770","https://openalex.org/W1979119727","https://openalex.org/W1984314602","https://openalex.org/W2012400024","https://openalex.org/W2021535661","https://openalex.org/W2039986606","https://openalex.org/W2100663130","https://openalex.org/W2111240578","https://openalex.org/W2125949293","https://openalex.org/W2153217804","https://openalex.org/W2153294923","https://openalex.org/W2169933757","https://openalex.org/W2296122243","https://openalex.org/W2579555219","https://openalex.org/W2970113856","https://openalex.org/W6738207246","https://openalex.org/W6776931203"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2187685684","https://openalex.org/W2223855511","https://openalex.org/W68327059","https://openalex.org/W2185312392","https://openalex.org/W1610765524","https://openalex.org/W2245244370","https://openalex.org/W1991385847","https://openalex.org/W2170926227","https://openalex.org/W3210975432","https://openalex.org/W2538203441"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"A":[1],"template":[2,61,73,120],"for":[3],"search":[4,22,31,39,51,111,124,139],"queries":[5,32],"was":[6,14,27,46,56,65,108],"developed":[7],"based":[8,47,57],"on":[9,48,58],"user-centered":[10,25,60,119],"design":[11,26,121],"principles":[12],"and":[13,41,53,102,128],"proposed":[15],"to":[16,67,95,136],"assist":[17],"users":[18],"in":[19],"formulating":[20],"Web":[21,84,100],"queries.":[23],"The":[24,75,105,113],"characterized":[28],"by":[29,126,132],"predefined":[30],"organized":[33],"as":[34,134],"a":[35,88],"hierarchy.":[36],"Two":[37],"experimental":[38,114],"engines":[40,52],"browsers":[42],"were":[43,78],"developed:":[44],"One":[45],"currently":[49],"available":[50],"the":[54,59,69,72,80,93,97,118,137],"other":[55],"design.":[62,74],"An":[63],"experiment":[64],"conducted":[66],"test":[68,90],"effectiveness":[70],"of":[71,82,110,130],"dependent":[76],"variables":[77],"(a)":[79],"number":[81],"relevant":[83,99],"sites":[85],"identified":[86],"during":[87],"1-hr":[89],"period,":[91],"(b)":[92],"time":[94],"find":[96],"first":[98],"site,":[101],"(c)":[103],"satisfaction.":[104],"independent":[106],"variable":[107],"type":[109],"engine.":[112,140],"results":[115],"indicated":[116],"that":[117],"improved":[122],"users'":[123],"performance":[125],"70%":[127],"satisfaction":[129],"use":[131],"23%":[133],"compared":[135],"current":[138]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
