{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1974233151","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327051hci0504_3","title":"The Nature of Device Models: The Yoked State Space Hypothesis and Some Experiments With Text Editors","display_name":"The Nature of Device Models: The Yoked State Space Hypothesis and Some Experiments With Text Editors","publication_year":1990,"publication_date":"1990-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1974233151","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327051hci0504_3","mag":"1974233151"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1207/s15327051hci0504_3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327051hci0504_3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2481449237","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction","issn_l":"0737-0024","issn":["0737-0024","1532-7051"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Human-Computer Interaction","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108398499","display_name":"Stephen A. Payne","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67415387","display_name":"Lancaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/04f2nsd36","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephen Payne","raw_affiliation_strings":["User Interface Institute, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY and University of Lancaster#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"User Interface Institute, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY and University of Lancaster#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055989550","display_name":"Helen Ruth Squibb","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67415387","display_name":"Lancaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/04f2nsd36","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Helen Squibb","raw_affiliation_strings":["Somerton Middle School, Cowes, Isle of Wight, United Kingdom and University of Lancaster#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Somerton Middle School, Cowes, Isle of Wight, United Kingdom and University of Lancaster#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103054759","display_name":"Andrew Howes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4251-1127"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67415387","display_name":"Lancaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/04f2nsd36","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew Howes","raw_affiliation_strings":["MRC Applied Psychology Unit, Cambridge, United Kingdom and University of Lancaster#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MRC Applied Psychology Unit, Cambridge, United Kingdom and University of Lancaster#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5788,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":59,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8630137,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"4","first_page":"415","last_page":"444"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10470","display_name":"Usability and User Interface Design","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10470","display_name":"Usability and User Interface Design","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12607","display_name":"Personal Information Management and User Behavior","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11675","display_name":"Open Source Software Innovations","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/space","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","score":0.6777350306510925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6540808081626892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construct","display_name":"Construct (python library)","score":0.6289168000221252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.6278912425041199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meaning","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","score":0.6034497022628784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ontology","display_name":"Ontology","score":0.5800579786300659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.48353075981140137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extension","display_name":"Extension (predicate logic)","score":0.4569341540336609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operator","display_name":"Operator (biology)","score":0.4560215473175049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.34065890312194824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.1394311487674713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.08710786700248718}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778572836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380933","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","level":2,"score":0.6777350306510925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6540808081626892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.6289168000221252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.6278912425041199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780876879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3054749","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","level":2,"score":0.6034497022628784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25810664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44325","display_name":"Ontology","level":2,"score":0.5800579786300659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.48353075981140137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778029271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421931","display_name":"Extension (predicate logic)","level":2,"score":0.4569341540336609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17020691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139677","display_name":"Operator (biology)","level":5,"score":0.4560215473175049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.34065890312194824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.1394311487674713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.08710786700248718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86339819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407384","display_name":"Transcription factor","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158448853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425218","display_name":"Repressor","level":4,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1207/s15327051hci0504_3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327051hci0504_3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2481449237","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction","issn_l":"0737-0024","issn":["0737-0024","1532-7051"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Human-Computer Interaction","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W158309502","https://openalex.org/W1991691398","https://openalex.org/W1999047205","https://openalex.org/W1999999075","https://openalex.org/W2008084531","https://openalex.org/W2028691633","https://openalex.org/W2049543499","https://openalex.org/W2050971969","https://openalex.org/W2054379657","https://openalex.org/W2057969163","https://openalex.org/W2063145598","https://openalex.org/W2113839127","https://openalex.org/W3145967654","https://openalex.org/W4253560352","https://openalex.org/W6648519924","https://openalex.org/W6824840722","https://openalex.org/W6827768719"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2362192218","https://openalex.org/W2374034910","https://openalex.org/W2353128991","https://openalex.org/W2381477132","https://openalex.org/W2352495365","https://openalex.org/W1867395701","https://openalex.org/W2377000990","https://openalex.org/W2034803269","https://openalex.org/W2386636980","https://openalex.org/W2120460904"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"construct":[1],"a":[2,6,27,57,73,105,108,111,140,168,201,205,209,225,240,311],"conceptual":[3,312],"model":[4,93,207,313],"of":[5,15,35,40,66,102,113,128,143,176,204,218,239,242,266,275,285,291],"device,":[7],"the":[8,12,16,33,36,41,51,55,62,85,99,114,125,132,144,152,161,177,190,216,234,264,273,276,283,292,322,326],"user":[9,162],"must":[10],"conceptualize":[11],"device's":[13],"representation":[14,101],"task":[17],"domain.":[18],"This":[19],"knowledge":[20],"can":[21,44,181],"be":[22,45,182,301],"represented":[23,83],"by":[24,188,303],"three":[25,323],"components:":[26],"device-based":[28],"problem":[29],"space,":[30,59,117,155],"which":[31,60,67,76],"specifies":[32,110],"ontology":[34],"device":[37,86,116,137,154,191,206,236,318],"in":[38,64,84,107,131,167],"terms":[39,65],"objects":[42,63,81],"that":[43,53,230,271],"manipulated":[46],"and":[47,72,156,247,251,299,309],"their":[48,157,165],"interrelations,":[49],"plus":[50],"operators":[52,148],"perform":[54],"manipulations;":[56],"goal":[58,79],"represents":[61],"user's":[68,115],"goals":[69],"are":[70,82],"expressed;":[71],"semantic":[74],"mapping,":[75],"determines":[77],"how":[78],"space":[80,91,138,192,237,246],"space.":[87],"The":[88,136,170,196,221,249],"yoked":[89],"state":[90],"(YSS)":[92],"allows":[94],"an":[95,121,173],"important":[96],"distinction":[97],"concerning":[98],"mental":[100],"procedures.":[103],"If":[104],"step":[106],"procedure":[109,307],"transformation":[112],"then":[118],"it":[119],"has":[120],"autonomous":[122],"meaning":[123,159],"for":[124,160,208,306],"user,":[126],"independent":[127],"its":[129],"role":[130,166],"sequence":[133],"or":[134],"method.":[135],"provides":[139],"figurative":[141,289],"account":[142,175],"operator.":[145,178],"However,":[146],"some":[147],"do":[149,232],"not":[150],"affect":[151],"minimal":[153],"only":[158,187],"derives":[163],"from":[164,184,316],"method:":[169],"method":[171],"affords":[172],"operational":[174,185],"Figurative":[179],"accounts":[180,186,290],"constructed":[183],"elaborating":[189],"with":[193],"new":[194],"concepts.":[195],"YSS":[197,327],"is":[198,279],"illustrated":[199],"through":[200],"simple":[202,267],"description":[203],"cut-and-paste":[210],"text":[211,260],"editor.":[212],"Three":[213],"experiments":[214,253,324],"addressed":[215],"claims":[217],"this":[219],"model.":[220],"first":[222],"experiment":[223],"used":[224],"sorting":[226],"paradigm":[227],"to":[228,256,319],"show":[229],"users":[231],"acquire":[233],"novel":[235],"concept":[238,278],"string":[241,277],"adjacent":[243],"characters":[244],"(including":[245],"return).":[248],"second":[250],"third":[252],"asked":[254],"novices":[255],"make":[257],"inferences":[258],"about":[259],"editor":[261],"behavior":[262],"on":[263,282],"basis":[265],"demonstrations.":[268],"They":[269],"showed":[270],"(a)":[272],"availability":[274],"critically":[280],"dependent":[281],"details":[284],"interface":[286],"design,":[287],"(b)":[288],"copy":[293],"operation":[294],"afford":[295],"more":[296],"efficient":[297],"methods":[298],"may":[300,314],"promoted":[302],"appropriate":[304],"names":[305],"steps,":[308],"(c)":[310],"transfer":[315],"one":[317],"another.":[320],"Together,":[321],"supported":[325],"hypothesis.":[328]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}