{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2896980252","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315167084-26","title":"Towards Cytoskeleton Computers. A Proposal","display_name":"Towards Cytoskeleton Computers. A Proposal","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-03-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2896980252","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315167084-26","mag":"2896980252"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1201/9781315167084-26","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315167084-26","pdf_url":"https://api.taylorfrancis.com/content/chapters/edit/download?identifierName=doi&identifierValue=10.1201/9781315167084-26&type=chapterpdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"From Parallel to Emergent Computing","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://api.taylorfrancis.com/content/chapters/edit/download?identifierName=doi&identifierValue=10.1201/9781315167084-26&type=chapterpdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036652783","display_name":"Andrew Adamatzky","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1073-2662"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178535277","display_name":"University of the West of England","ror":"https://ror.org/02nwg5t34","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178535277"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Andrew Adamatzky","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the West of England, Bristol, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the West of England, Bristol, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178535277"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082024795","display_name":"Jack A. Tuszy\u0144ski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9976-0429"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177477856","display_name":"Polytechnic University of Turin","ror":"https://ror.org/00bgk9508","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jack Tuszynski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Politecnico di Torino, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politecnico di Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5097158123","display_name":"J\u04e7rg Pieper","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56085075","display_name":"University of Tartu","ror":"https://ror.org/03z77qz90","country_code":"EE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56085075"]}],"countries":["EE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J\u04e7rg Pieper","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Tartu, Estonia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tartu, Estonia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56085075"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043698287","display_name":"Dan V. Nicolau","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9956-0600"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dan V. Nicolau","raw_affiliation_strings":["McGill Univesity, Montral, Canada","McGill Univesity, Montr\u00e9al, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"McGill Univesity, Montral, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"McGill Univesity, Montr\u00e9al, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5097019167","display_name":"Rosaria Rinaldi","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rosaria Rinaldi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008924272","display_name":"Georgios Ch. Sirakoulis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8240-484X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I147962203","display_name":"Democritus University of Thrace","ror":"https://ror.org/03bfqnx40","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I147962203"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Georgios Ch. Sirakoulis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Democritus University of Thrace, Xanthi, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Democritus University of Thrace, Xanthi, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I147962203"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087906790","display_name":"Victor Erokhin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6297-5538"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124601658","display_name":"University of Parma","ror":"https://ror.org/02k7wn190","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124601658"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Victor Erokhin","raw_affiliation_strings":["CNR, University of Parma, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNR, University of Parma, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124601658"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031458556","display_name":"J\u00f6rg Schnau\u00df","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6408-8676"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145647","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology","ror":"https://ror.org/04x45f476","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145647","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I926574661","display_name":"Leipzig University","ror":"https://ror.org/03s7gtk40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I926574661"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J\u04e7rg Schnau\u00df","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany","University of Leipzig, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145647"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Leipzig, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I926574661"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101399474","display_name":"David M. Smith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8344-850X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145647","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology","ror":"https://ror.org/04x45f476","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145647","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I926574661","display_name":"Leipzig University","ror":"https://ror.org/03s7gtk40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I926574661"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David M. Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Leipzig, Germany","Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Leipzig, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I926574661"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145647"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":6,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5036652783"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178535277"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1845,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83926785,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"575","last_page":"596"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.9860000014305115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.9860000014305115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12452","display_name":"Electrowetting and Microfluidic Technologies","score":0.98580002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9811999797821045,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.44712716341018677}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.44712716341018677}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1201/9781315167084-26","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315167084-26","pdf_url":"https://api.taylorfrancis.com/content/chapters/edit/download?identifierName=doi&identifierValue=10.1201/9781315167084-26&type=chapterpdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"From Parallel to Emergent Computing","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1201/9781315167084-26","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315167084-26","pdf_url":"https://api.taylorfrancis.com/content/chapters/edit/download?identifierName=doi&identifierValue=10.1201/9781315167084-26&type=chapterpdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"From Parallel to Emergent Computing","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2896980252.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2896980252.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":192,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W19728271","https://openalex.org/W124765796","https://openalex.org/W130469364","https://openalex.org/W147438356","https://openalex.org/W149355855","https://openalex.org/W155026867","https://openalex.org/W167018426","https://openalex.org/W171722806","https://openalex.org/W323936032","https://openalex.org/W641771184","https://openalex.org/W956384481","https://openalex.org/W1496451512","https://openalex.org/W1504111928","https://openalex.org/W1533966446","https://openalex.org/W1537994744","https://openalex.org/W1540790318","https://openalex.org/W1541213536","https://openalex.org/W1544025382","https://openalex.org/W1558288940","https://openalex.org/W1564269694","https://openalex.org/W1576914487","https://openalex.org/W1596053521","https://openalex.org/W1618012960","https://openalex.org/W1678328543","https://openalex.org/W1681118109","https://openalex.org/W1713092635","https://openalex.org/W1783623059","https://openalex.org/W1943860763","https://openalex.org/W1963601673","https://openalex.org/W1963969404","https://openalex.org/W1964077486","https://openalex.org/W1964790454","https://openalex.org/W1966281939","https://openalex.org/W1967856627","https://openalex.org/W1967986618","https://openalex.org/W1968272833","https://openalex.org/W1969708116","https://openalex.org/W1971133362","https://openalex.org/W1974324992","https://openalex.org/W1975635637","https://openalex.org/W1975643213","https://openalex.org/W1978436016","https://openalex.org/W1982905980","https://openalex.org/W1982947338","https://openalex.org/W1983939557","https://openalex.org/W1987345946","https://openalex.org/W1988492651","https://openalex.org/W1991183214","https://openalex.org/W1991364099","https://openalex.org/W1992594305","https://openalex.org/W1992885630","https://openalex.org/W1994336523","https://openalex.org/W1995720680","https://openalex.org/W1997980120","https://openalex.org/W1998762775","https://openalex.org/W1999383155","https://openalex.org/W2000532804","https://openalex.org/W2002416063","https://openalex.org/W2003056114","https://openalex.org/W2004708855","https://openalex.org/W2004879799","https://openalex.org/W2005573131","https://openalex.org/W2007698777","https://openalex.org/W2008205715","https://openalex.org/W2009593210","https://openalex.org/W2011448168","https://openalex.org/W2014607121","https://openalex.org/W2014636427","https://openalex.org/W2016397907","https://openalex.org/W2017135737","https://openalex.org/W2017858766","https://openalex.org/W2019987594","https://openalex.org/W2021002124","https://openalex.org/W2023223492","https://openalex.org/W2027312340","https://openalex.org/W2027655424","https://openalex.org/W2028671607","https://openalex.org/W2035620094","https://openalex.org/W2035749012","https://openalex.org/W2035793912","https://openalex.org/W2036212869","https://openalex.org/W2036216774","https://openalex.org/W2036393167","https://openalex.org/W2036572722","https://openalex.org/W2039650569","https://openalex.org/W2039804216","https://openalex.org/W2040264483","https://openalex.org/W2040785083","https://openalex.org/W2042941423","https://openalex.org/W2044725351","https://openalex.org/W2047085779","https://openalex.org/W2048835082","https://openalex.org/W2054050865","https://openalex.org/W2056546594","https://openalex.org/W2057175722","https://openalex.org/W2058689174","https://openalex.org/W2058997498","https://openalex.org/W2060119082","https://openalex.org/W2060249124","https://openalex.org/W2061291065","https://openalex.org/W2062382534","https://openalex.org/W2063343818","https://openalex.org/W2063433377","https://openalex.org/W2063525641","https://openalex.org/W2064622570","https://openalex.org/W2064819339","https://openalex.org/W2065381289","https://openalex.org/W2067185434","https://openalex.org/W2067299834","https://openalex.org/W2072668964","https://openalex.org/W2074385899","https://openalex.org/W2078960072","https://openalex.org/W2079096277","https://openalex.org/W2079702620","https://openalex.org/W2081636244","https://openalex.org/W2082084927","https://openalex.org/W2082652421","https://openalex.org/W2082737044","https://openalex.org/W2084672985","https://openalex.org/W2084746099","https://openalex.org/W2086405400","https://openalex.org/W2086665644","https://openalex.org/W2090229647","https://openalex.org/W2093349348","https://openalex.org/W2095277363","https://openalex.org/W2098136597","https://openalex.org/W2098470668","https://openalex.org/W2098990434","https://openalex.org/W2103588511","https://openalex.org/W2107029002","https://openalex.org/W2110810808","https://openalex.org/W2112181056","https://openalex.org/W2115737236","https://openalex.org/W2122246224","https://openalex.org/W2122782850","https://openalex.org/W2128144508","https://openalex.org/W2134151880","https://openalex.org/W2137976413","https://openalex.org/W2140920568","https://openalex.org/W2144426839","https://openalex.org/W2149374899","https://openalex.org/W2149695636","https://openalex.org/W2151336224","https://openalex.org/W2154114211","https://openalex.org/W2154616351","https://openalex.org/W2156040683","https://openalex.org/W2156947670","https://openalex.org/W2157508442","https://openalex.org/W2162295122","https://openalex.org/W2162651880","https://openalex.org/W2163802608","https://openalex.org/W2164661403","https://openalex.org/W2170027513","https://openalex.org/W2170748666","https://openalex.org/W2180958084","https://openalex.org/W2183687972","https://openalex.org/W2188060614","https://openalex.org/W2227467421","https://openalex.org/W2257669930","https://openalex.org/W2294484167","https://openalex.org/W2332512022","https://openalex.org/W2335044079","https://openalex.org/W2344044493","https://openalex.org/W2396828910","https://openalex.org/W2398951644","https://openalex.org/W2400836912","https://openalex.org/W2404107510","https://openalex.org/W2404501458","https://openalex.org/W2407139300","https://openalex.org/W2407963183","https://openalex.org/W2415569945","https://openalex.org/W2461531224","https://openalex.org/W2488609615","https://openalex.org/W2506723631","https://openalex.org/W2509444395","https://openalex.org/W2529691126","https://openalex.org/W2537018879","https://openalex.org/W2584276413","https://openalex.org/W2620176919","https://openalex.org/W2729283896","https://openalex.org/W2736996438","https://openalex.org/W2748503196","https://openalex.org/W2751355024","https://openalex.org/W2753867490","https://openalex.org/W2754723077","https://openalex.org/W2761707672","https://openalex.org/W2767115328","https://openalex.org/W2767169229","https://openalex.org/W2775031315","https://openalex.org/W2790607448","https://openalex.org/W2950885478","https://openalex.org/W2964200939"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W2350741829","https://openalex.org/W2130043461","https://openalex.org/W2530322880"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Actin":[0],"and":[1,15,23,27,49,63,90,95,124,144,154],"tubulin":[2,16,60],"are":[3,18],"key":[4],"structural":[5],"elements":[6],"of":[7,12,31,59,67,84,146,157],"Eukaryotes\u2019":[8],"cytoskeleton.":[9],"The":[10,75],"networks":[11,78],"actin":[13],"filaments":[14],"microtubules":[17,61],"substrates":[19],"for":[20],"cells\u2019":[21],"motility":[22],"mechanics,":[24],"intra-cellular":[25],"transport":[26],"cell-level":[28],"learning.":[29],"Ideas":[30],"information":[32,72],"processing":[33,73],"taking":[34],"place":[35],"on":[36,141],"a":[37,64,135,147],"cytoskeleton":[38,68,76],"network,":[39],"especially":[40],"in":[41,52,56,81,114,122],"neurons,":[42],"have":[43],"been":[44],"proposed":[45],"by":[46],"Stuart.":[47],"Hameroff":[48],"Steen.":[50],"Rasmussen":[51],"the":[53,82,142,151,155,158],"late":[54],"1980s":[55],"their":[57],"designs":[58],"automata":[62,69],"general":[65],"framework":[66],"as":[70],"sub-cellular":[71],"networks.":[74],"protein":[77],"propagate":[79],"signals":[80],"form":[83],"ionic":[85],"solitons,":[86],"travelling":[87],"conformation":[88],"transformations":[89],"breathers":[91],"generated":[92],"through":[93],"electrical":[94],"mechanical":[96],"vibrations.":[97],"A":[98],"collision-based,":[99],"or":[100,111],"dynamical,":[101],"computation":[102,126],"employs":[103],"mobile":[104,108],"compact":[105],"finite":[106],"patterns,":[107],"self-localised":[109],"excitations":[110],"simply":[112],"localisations,":[113],"an":[115],"active":[116],"non-linear":[117],"medium.":[118],"These":[119],"localisations":[120],"travel":[121],"space":[123],"perform":[125],"when":[127],"they":[128],"collide":[129],"with":[130],"each":[131],"other.":[132],"Memristor":[133],"is":[134],"device":[136],"whose":[137],"resistance":[138],"changes":[139],"depending":[140],"polarity":[143],"magnitude":[145],"voltage":[148],"applied":[149],"to":[150],"device\u2019s":[152],"terminals":[153],"duration":[156],"voltage\u2019s":[159],"application.":[160]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
