{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2149584226","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1198/004017006000000093","title":"Darwinian Evolution in Parallel Universes: A Parallel Genetic Algorithm for Variable Selection","display_name":"Darwinian Evolution in Parallel Universes: A Parallel Genetic Algorithm for Variable Selection","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2149584226","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1198/004017006000000093","mag":"2149584226"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1198/004017006000000093","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1198/004017006000000093","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S985303","display_name":"Technometrics","issn_l":"0040-1706","issn":["0040-1706","1537-2723"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Technometrics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022154435","display_name":"Mu Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6611-3214"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mu Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058092350","display_name":"Hugh Chipman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3276-3622"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92688161","display_name":"Acadia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00839we02","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92688161"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hugh A Chipman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia B4P 2R6, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia B4P 2R6, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92688161"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022154435"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.123,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":66,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95213774,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"48","issue":"4","first_page":"491","last_page":"502"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10848","display_name":"Advanced Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithms","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variable","display_name":"Variable (mathematics)","score":0.6868700981140137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6734031438827515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.622666597366333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","score":0.5421093702316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-selection","display_name":"Natural selection","score":0.5296230912208557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5009989738464355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.45924025774002075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/darwinism","display_name":"Darwinism","score":0.4241774082183838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2550806403160095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.22882899641990662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.2084743082523346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.07616782188415527}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182365436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50701","display_name":"Variable (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6868700981140137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6734031438827515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.622666597366333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.5421093702316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75268714","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43478","display_name":"Natural selection","level":3,"score":0.5296230912208557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5009989738464355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.45924025774002075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196919123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183493","display_name":"Darwinism","level":2,"score":0.4241774082183838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2550806403160095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.22882899641990662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.2084743082523346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.07616782188415527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1198/004017006000000093","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1198/004017006000000093","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S985303","display_name":"Technometrics","issn_l":"0040-1706","issn":["0040-1706","1537-2723"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Technometrics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5899999737739563,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322675","display_name":"Mitacs","ror":"https://ror.org/00cjrc276"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W171292237","https://openalex.org/W1554944419","https://openalex.org/W1639032689","https://openalex.org/W1964080509","https://openalex.org/W1969423031","https://openalex.org/W2007069447","https://openalex.org/W2008640376","https://openalex.org/W2023720594","https://openalex.org/W2024060531","https://openalex.org/W2028569720","https://openalex.org/W2053090661","https://openalex.org/W2058815839","https://openalex.org/W2066849340","https://openalex.org/W2079356438","https://openalex.org/W2154491770","https://openalex.org/W2157695422","https://openalex.org/W2168175751","https://openalex.org/W2322524800","https://openalex.org/W2328425223","https://openalex.org/W2797583072","https://openalex.org/W2904250082","https://openalex.org/W2912934387","https://openalex.org/W3014310718","https://openalex.org/W4229687739","https://openalex.org/W4246048519","https://openalex.org/W4246858143","https://openalex.org/W4247655565"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2884057146","https://openalex.org/W1980026507","https://openalex.org/W4229824733","https://openalex.org/W4294373694","https://openalex.org/W2979246945","https://openalex.org/W2552191435","https://openalex.org/W1697436391","https://openalex.org/W2419856017","https://openalex.org/W4245539037","https://openalex.org/W148318822"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,22],"need":[1],"to":[2,27,65,77,81],"identify":[3],"a":[4,10,29,35,49,58,67,104],"few":[5],"important":[6],"variables":[7],"that":[8,43,114],"affect":[9],"certain":[11],"outcome":[12],"of":[13,69,106],"interest":[14],"commonly":[15],"arises":[16],"in":[17,71,90],"various":[18],"industrial":[19],"engineering":[20],"applications.":[21],"genetic":[23,100],"algorithm":[24,97,101],"(GA)":[25],"appears":[26],"be":[28],"natural":[30],"tool":[31],"for":[32],"solving":[33],"such":[34],"problem.":[36],"In":[37],"this":[38],"article":[39],"we":[40,112],"first":[41],"demonstrate":[42],"the":[44,83,87,91,95,98,115],"GA":[45,76],"is":[46,64,117],"actually":[47],"not":[48],"particularly":[50],"effective":[51],"variable":[52,127],"selection":[53,128],"tool,":[54],"and":[55,80,109,125],"then":[56],"propose":[57],"very":[59],"simple":[60],"modification.":[61],"Our":[62],"idea":[63],"run":[66],"number":[68,105],"GAs":[70,89],"parallel":[72,99],"without":[73],"allowing":[74],"each":[75],"fully":[78],"converge,":[79],"consolidate":[82],"information":[84],"from":[85],"all":[86],"individual":[88],"end.":[92],"We":[93],"call":[94],"resulting":[96],"(PGA).":[102],"Using":[103],"both":[107],"simulated":[108],"real":[110],"examples,":[111],"show":[113],"PGA":[116],"an":[118],"interesting":[119],"as":[120,122],"well":[121],"highly":[123],"competitive":[124],"easy-to-use":[126],"tool.":[129]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}