{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4400429734","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13677-024-00683-z","title":"Real-time scheduling of power grid digital twin tasks in cloud via deep reinforcement learning","display_name":"Real-time scheduling of power grid digital twin tasks in cloud via deep reinforcement learning","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-07-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4400429734","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13677-024-00683-z"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13677-024-00683-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13677-024-00683-z","pdf_url":"https://journalofcloudcomputing.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13677-024-00683-z","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2486819371","display_name":"Journal of Cloud Computing Advances Systems and Applications","issn_l":"2192-113X","issn":["2192-113X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cloud Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://journalofcloudcomputing.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13677-024-00683-z","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085086356","display_name":"Daokun Qi","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Daokun Qi","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Grid Henan Economic and Technological Research Institute, Zhengzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Grid Henan Economic and Technological Research Institute, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021914502","display_name":"Xiaojuan Xi","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaojuan Xi","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Grid Henan Economic and Technological Research Institute, Zhengzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Grid Henan Economic and Technological Research Institute, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110962470","display_name":"Yake Tang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yake Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Grid Henan Economic and Technological Research Institute, Zhengzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Grid Henan Economic and Technological Research Institute, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100412646","display_name":"Yahong Rosa Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5237-1485"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuesong Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Grid Henan Economic and Technological Research Institute, Zhengzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Grid Henan Economic and Technological Research Institute, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024586385","display_name":"Zhengwei Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4745-4697"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhengwei Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Grid Henan Economic and Technological Research Institute, Zhengzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Grid Henan Economic and Technological Research Institute, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5085086356"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":990,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1214},"apc_paid":{"value":990,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1214},"fwci":5.3462,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96060246,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13553","display_name":"Age of Information Optimization","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10763","display_name":"Digital Transformation in Industry","score":0.9902999997138977,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8030799627304077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.6781843900680542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.6336513757705688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.6022032499313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.5831140875816345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.5799301862716675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digitization","display_name":"Digitization","score":0.47878849506378174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/schedule","display_name":"Schedule","score":0.4640122652053833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid-computing","display_name":"Grid computing","score":0.44064509868621826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-grid","display_name":"Power grid","score":0.43816953897476196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.42218470573425293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/response-time","display_name":"Response time","score":0.418606162071228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.41617876291275024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2375163733959198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.21661874651908875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.09672614932060242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09353861212730408}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8030799627304077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.6781843900680542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.6336513757705688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.6022032499313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.5831140875816345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.5799301862716675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779308522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q843958","display_name":"Digitization","level":2,"score":0.47878849506378174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68387754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7271585","display_name":"Schedule","level":2,"score":0.4640122652053833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70429105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249999","display_name":"Grid computing","level":3,"score":0.44064509868621826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983254600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096907","display_name":"Power grid","level":3,"score":0.43816953897476196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.42218470573425293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19012869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q578372","display_name":"Response time","level":2,"score":0.418606162071228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.41617876291275024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2375163733959198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.21661874651908875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.09672614932060242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09353861212730408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13677-024-00683-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13677-024-00683-z","pdf_url":"https://journalofcloudcomputing.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13677-024-00683-z","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2486819371","display_name":"Journal of Cloud Computing Advances Systems and Applications","issn_l":"2192-113X","issn":["2192-113X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cloud Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e15a117c194f49eb995e789b45ac8172","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e15a117c194f49eb995e789b45ac8172","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cloud Computing: Advances, Systems and Applications, Vol 13, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13677-024-00683-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13677-024-00683-z","pdf_url":"https://journalofcloudcomputing.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13677-024-00683-z","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2486819371","display_name":"Journal of Cloud Computing Advances Systems and Applications","issn_l":"2192-113X","issn":["2192-113X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cloud Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.75,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3727551829","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"5217L0230009","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329256","funder_display_name":"State Grid Henan Electric Power Company"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329256","display_name":"State Grid Henan Electric Power Company","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4400429734.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2145339207","https://openalex.org/W2526832688","https://openalex.org/W2746553466","https://openalex.org/W2904307031","https://openalex.org/W2981604716","https://openalex.org/W2983204036","https://openalex.org/W2991233743","https://openalex.org/W3002068112","https://openalex.org/W3037414163","https://openalex.org/W3042583543","https://openalex.org/W3046543442","https://openalex.org/W3085409179","https://openalex.org/W3087845791","https://openalex.org/W3093580137","https://openalex.org/W3093984356","https://openalex.org/W3096308392","https://openalex.org/W3097064591","https://openalex.org/W3101294809","https://openalex.org/W3107677149","https://openalex.org/W3110646255","https://openalex.org/W3126965823","https://openalex.org/W3136795808","https://openalex.org/W3203684044","https://openalex.org/W3214085315","https://openalex.org/W4205228899","https://openalex.org/W4206497039","https://openalex.org/W4214822034","https://openalex.org/W4288773268","https://openalex.org/W4313399597","https://openalex.org/W4362499017","https://openalex.org/W4376456793","https://openalex.org/W4384938269","https://openalex.org/W4385731874","https://openalex.org/W4386275795","https://openalex.org/W4386280821","https://openalex.org/W4386511263","https://openalex.org/W4390423554","https://openalex.org/W4390512177","https://openalex.org/W4391991732","https://openalex.org/W4394894247","https://openalex.org/W4395468507"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1539704186","https://openalex.org/W4254109238","https://openalex.org/W2399890175","https://openalex.org/W4308177873","https://openalex.org/W3202479762","https://openalex.org/W2480493049","https://openalex.org/W2592115649","https://openalex.org/W4322582183","https://openalex.org/W1937392525","https://openalex.org/W2347632764"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"As":[1],"energy":[2],"demand":[3],"continues":[4],"to":[5,10,35,95,98,106,151],"grow,":[6],"it":[7],"is":[8,71,94],"crucial":[9,72],"integrate":[11],"advanced":[12],"technologies":[13],"into":[14],"power":[15,48,113,141],"grids":[16],"for":[17,73,161],"better":[18],"reliability":[19],"and":[20,37,51,60,87,143,146,164,197],"efficiency.":[21,44],"Digital":[22],"Twin":[23],"(DT)":[24],"technology":[25],"plays":[26],"a":[27,122,148],"key":[28],"role":[29],"in":[30,154],"this":[31,68],"by":[32,57,191],"using":[33],"data":[34,55,70],"monitor":[36],"predict":[38],"real-time":[39,155,173],"operations,":[40],"significantly":[41],"enhancing":[42],"system":[43,63,145],"However,":[45],"as":[46,83],"the":[47,54,58,61,99,108,112,117,134,140,185],"grid":[49,59,142],"expands":[50],"digitization":[52],"accelerates,":[53],"generated":[56],"DT":[62,75,144],"grows":[64],"exponentially.":[65],"Effectively":[66],"handling":[67],"massive":[69],"leveraging":[74],"technology.":[76],"Traditional":[77],"local":[78],"computing":[79,158],"faces":[80],"challenges":[81],"such":[82],"limited":[84],"hardware":[85],"resources":[86],"slow":[88],"processing":[89,162],"speeds.":[90],"A":[91],"viable":[92],"solution":[93],"offload":[96],"tasks":[97,138,153],"cloud,":[100],"utilizing":[101],"its":[102],"powerful":[103],"computational":[104,137],"capabilities":[105],"support":[107],"stable":[109],"operation":[110],"of":[111,136],"grid.":[114],"To":[115],"address":[116],"need,":[118],"we":[119],"propose":[120],"GD-DRL,":[121],"task":[123],"scheduling":[124,174],"method":[125,169,187],"based":[126],"on":[127],"Deep":[128,177],"Reinforcement":[129],"Learning":[130],"(DRL).":[131],"GD-DRL":[132,186],"considers":[133],"characteristics":[135],"from":[139],"uses":[147],"DRL":[149],"agent":[150],"schedule":[152],"across":[156],"different":[157],"nodes,":[159],"optimizing":[160],"time":[163],"cost.":[165],"We":[166],"evaluate":[167],"our":[168],"against":[170],"several":[171],"established":[172],"techniques,":[175],"including":[176],"Q-Network":[178],"(DQN).":[179],"Our":[180],"experimental":[181],"results":[182],"show":[183],"that":[184],"outperforms":[188],"existing":[189],"strategies":[190],"reducing":[192],"response":[193],"time,":[194],"lowering":[195],"costs,":[196],"increasing":[198],"success":[199],"rates.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}