{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416121909","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-025-03227-w","title":"Artificial intelligence diagnostic performance in image-based vulnerable carotid plaque detection: a systematic review and meta-analysis","display_name":"Artificial intelligence diagnostic performance in image-based vulnerable carotid plaque detection: a systematic review and meta-analysis","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416121909","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-025-03227-w","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41219882"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12911-025-03227-w","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-025-03227-w","pdf_url":"https://bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12911-025-03227-w","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107516304","display_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","issn_l":"1472-6947","issn":["1472-6947"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12911-025-03227-w","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048092270","display_name":"Yuyao Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4374-4478"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200296433","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/02drdmm93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200296433"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801228662","display_name":"Peking Union Medical College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04jztag35","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yuyao Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200296433","https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104046676","display_name":"Leyin Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200296433","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/02drdmm93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200296433"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801228662","display_name":"Peking Union Medical College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04jztag35","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leyin Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200296433","https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101548268","display_name":"Jiang Shao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200296433","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/02drdmm93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200296433"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801228662","display_name":"Peking Union Medical College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04jztag35","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiang Shao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200296433","https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115595526","display_name":"Lin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6710-2971"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200296433","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/02drdmm93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200296433"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801228662","display_name":"Peking Union Medical College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04jztag35","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["4+4 Medical Doctor Program, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China","Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"4+4 Medical Doctor Program, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200296433","https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200296433","https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101983023","display_name":"Huanyu Dai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1361-2993"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200296433","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/02drdmm93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200296433"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801228662","display_name":"Peking Union Medical College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04jztag35","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huanyu Dai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200296433","https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101936243","display_name":"Chaonan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9021-0735"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200296433","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/02drdmm93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200296433"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801228662","display_name":"Peking Union Medical College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04jztag35","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chaonan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200296433","https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100456986","display_name":"Kang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8136-9816"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200296433","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/02drdmm93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200296433"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801228662","display_name":"Peking Union Medical College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04jztag35","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200296433","https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000526326","display_name":"Keqiang Shu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200296433","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/02drdmm93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200296433"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801228662","display_name":"Peking Union Medical College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04jztag35","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Keqiang Shu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200296433","https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031881762","display_name":"Junye Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9224-1677"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200296433","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/02drdmm93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200296433"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801228662","display_name":"Peking Union Medical College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04jztag35","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junye Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200296433","https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078502785","display_name":"Yuru Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6452-8996"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200296433","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/02drdmm93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200296433"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801228662","display_name":"Peking Union Medical College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04jztag35","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuru Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200296433","https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052414086","display_name":"Yiyun Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5856-789X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200296433","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/02drdmm93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200296433"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801228662","display_name":"Peking Union Medical College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04jztag35","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiyun Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200296433","https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014175187","display_name":"Zhichao Lai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2562-0962"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200296433","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/02drdmm93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200296433"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801228662","display_name":"Peking Union Medical College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04jztag35","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhichao Lai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China. laizhichao@pumch.cn","Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China. laizhichao@pumch.cn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200296433","https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200296433","https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100672151","display_name":"Bao Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6359-959X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200296433","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/02drdmm93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200296433"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801228662","display_name":"Peking Union Medical College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04jztag35","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bao Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China. liubao@pumch.cn","Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China. liubao@pumch.cn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200296433","https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200296433","https://openalex.org/I2801228662"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":13,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048092270"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200296433","https://openalex.org/I2801228662"],"apc_list":{"value":1570,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1925},"apc_paid":{"value":1570,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1925},"fwci":1.2558,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84548151,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"1","first_page":"419","last_page":"419"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10816","display_name":"Cerebrovascular and Carotid Artery Diseases","score":0.8669000267982483,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10816","display_name":"Cerebrovascular and Carotid Artery Diseases","score":0.8669000267982483,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10924","display_name":"Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention","score":0.0364999994635582,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12979","display_name":"Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity","score":0.02160000056028366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-informatics","display_name":"Health informatics","score":0.44920000433921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vulnerable-plaque","display_name":"Vulnerable plaque","score":0.4138999879360199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medline","display_name":"MEDLINE","score":0.38670000433921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-imaging","display_name":"Medical imaging","score":0.31380000710487366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-assessment","display_name":"Risk assessment","score":0.28130000829696655}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6801999807357788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145642194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q870895","display_name":"Health informatics","level":3,"score":0.44920000433921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778710248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17154669","display_name":"Vulnerable plaque","level":2,"score":0.4138999879360199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.38670000433921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.35260000824928284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31601959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q931309","display_name":"Medical imaging","level":2,"score":0.31380000710487366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.3073999881744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545542383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751242","display_name":"Medical emergency","level":1,"score":0.3052999973297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.3005000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12174686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058438","display_name":"Risk assessment","level":2,"score":0.28130000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779891985","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46994","display_name":"Telemedicine","level":3,"score":0.2806999981403351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2802000045776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157170001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4781507","display_name":"Applications of artificial intelligence","level":2,"score":0.26980000734329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19527891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120908","display_name":"Medical physics","level":1,"score":0.26660001277923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.26190000772476196}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002340","descriptor_name":"Carotid Artery Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002340","descriptor_name":"Carotid Artery Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002340","descriptor_name":"Carotid Artery Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002340","descriptor_name":"Carotid Artery Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016893","descriptor_name":"Carotid Stenosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016893","descriptor_name":"Carotid Stenosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016893","descriptor_name":"Carotid Stenosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016893","descriptor_name":"Carotid Stenosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D058226","descriptor_name":"Plaque, Atherosclerotic","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D058226","descriptor_name":"Plaque, Atherosclerotic","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D058226","descriptor_name":"Plaque, Atherosclerotic","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D058226","descriptor_name":"Plaque, Atherosclerotic","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D058226","descriptor_name":"Plaque, Atherosclerotic","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D058226","descriptor_name":"Plaque, Atherosclerotic","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D058226","descriptor_name":"Plaque, Atherosclerotic","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D058226","descriptor_name":"Plaque, Atherosclerotic","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12911-025-03227-w","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-025-03227-w","pdf_url":"https://bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12911-025-03227-w","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107516304","display_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","issn_l":"1472-6947","issn":["1472-6947"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41219882","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41219882","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC medical informatics and decision making","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c11d21f1d6e0450ea98620626f6d1804","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c11d21f1d6e0450ea98620626f6d1804","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, Vol 25, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2025)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:11418459","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12607216","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12911-025-03227-w","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-025-03227-w","pdf_url":"https://bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12911-025-03227-w","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107516304","display_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","issn_l":"1472-6947","issn":["1472-6947"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1731123844","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"82470516","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3585780359","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023YFC2415100","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3591275951","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"82070498","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3725049367","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023-I2M-C","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6020517188","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"82100521","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326853","display_name":"Peking Union Medical College","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4416121909.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4416121909.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":63,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1855357444","https://openalex.org/W1941226239","https://openalex.org/W2006297178","https://openalex.org/W2026520636","https://openalex.org/W2036893652","https://openalex.org/W2061133004","https://openalex.org/W2063859300","https://openalex.org/W2066466302","https://openalex.org/W2066937625","https://openalex.org/W2073250828","https://openalex.org/W2107638293","https://openalex.org/W2117693547","https://openalex.org/W2126727011","https://openalex.org/W2126930838","https://openalex.org/W2140663657","https://openalex.org/W2143058286","https://openalex.org/W2154145988","https://openalex.org/W2160628533","https://openalex.org/W2169271980","https://openalex.org/W2174661749","https://openalex.org/W2316997036","https://openalex.org/W2792941268","https://openalex.org/W2794278800","https://openalex.org/W2797200581","https://openalex.org/W2809698477","https://openalex.org/W2913876336","https://openalex.org/W2932189428","https://openalex.org/W2945341735","https://openalex.org/W2958089299","https://openalex.org/W2995523160","https://openalex.org/W3019335011","https://openalex.org/W3049581495","https://openalex.org/W3092635044","https://openalex.org/W3092832889","https://openalex.org/W3118615836","https://openalex.org/W3120416533","https://openalex.org/W3135096391","https://openalex.org/W3158506830","https://openalex.org/W3184497041","https://openalex.org/W3194879061","https://openalex.org/W3205551384","https://openalex.org/W3209729653","https://openalex.org/W3213560931","https://openalex.org/W3214583359","https://openalex.org/W4200023209","https://openalex.org/W4200225381","https://openalex.org/W4200448394","https://openalex.org/W4206348828","https://openalex.org/W4220811704","https://openalex.org/W4220956984","https://openalex.org/W4224731106","https://openalex.org/W4280505765","https://openalex.org/W4318046628","https://openalex.org/W4319602643","https://openalex.org/W4321788938","https://openalex.org/W4387526312","https://openalex.org/W4399326276","https://openalex.org/W4400309138","https://openalex.org/W4401503494","https://openalex.org/W4402055581","https://openalex.org/W4402204564","https://openalex.org/W4406338491","https://openalex.org/W4408504682"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Atherosclerosis":[1],"in":[2,35,54,70,177,189],"the":[3,37,48,79,113,127,169,172,205],"carotid":[4,19,57,98,178,192],"artery":[5],"significantly":[6],"contributes":[7],"to":[8,12,46,83,121,210],"embolic":[9],"events":[10],"leading":[11],"ischemic":[13],"stroke.":[14],"Precise":[15],"identification":[16],"of":[17,39,51,74,124,126,146,174,207],"unstable":[18,56,97,191],"plaques":[20,58,61,99],"through":[21],"non-invasive":[22],"imaging,":[23],"is":[24],"pivotal":[25],"for":[26,95],"stroke":[27],"prevention.":[28],"Artificial":[29],"intelligence":[30],"(AI)":[31],"has":[32],"demonstrated":[33,185],"promise":[34,173],"enhancing":[36,204],"accuracy":[38,105],"plaque":[40,179],"risk":[41,123,180],"stratification.":[42,181],"This":[43],"review":[44],"aims":[45],"assess":[47,122],"diagnostic":[49,104,187],"performance":[50,136,188],"AI":[52,93,147,183,208],"algorithms":[53,94,148,184,209],"distinguishing":[55],"from":[59,100],"stable":[60],"using":[62],"medical":[63,101],"imaging.":[64],"METHODS:":[65],"We":[66],"conducted":[67],"comprehensive":[68],"searches":[69],"Medline,":[71],"Embase,":[72],"Web":[73],"Science,":[75],"IEEE,":[76],"PubMed,":[77],"and":[78,110,159,166,203],"Cochrane":[80],"Library":[81],"up":[82],"June":[84],"6,":[85],"2023.":[86],"Eligible":[87],"studies":[88],"included":[89,128],"those":[90],"that":[91],"utilized":[92],"identifying":[96,190],"images.":[102],"Binary":[103],"metrics,":[106],"including":[107],"sensitivity,":[108],"specificity,":[109],"Area":[111],"Under":[112],"Curve":[114],"(AUC),":[115],"were":[116],"extracted.":[117],"QUADAS-AI":[118],"was":[119],"used":[120],"bias":[125,165],"studies.":[129],"RESULTS:":[130],">":[131],"90%).":[132],"Subgroup":[133],"analyses":[134],"indicated":[135],"variations":[137],"based":[138],"on":[139,198],"factors":[140],"such":[141],"as":[142],"sample":[143],"size,":[144],"type":[145],"(machine":[149],"learning":[150],"or":[151,157],"deep":[152],"learning),":[153],"segmentation":[154],"methods":[155],"(manual":[156],"automatic),":[158],"publication":[160,164],"year.":[161],"Despite":[162],"observed":[163],"study":[167],"heterogeneity,":[168],"findings":[170],"underscore":[171],"AI-driven":[175],"approaches":[176],"CONCLUSIONS:":[182],"favorable":[186],"plaques.":[193],"Future":[194],"research":[195],"should":[196],"focus":[197],"rigorous":[199],"validation,":[200],"ensuring":[201],"generalizability,":[202],"explainability":[206],"facilitate":[211],"their":[212],"translational":[213],"use.":[214],"CLINICAL":[215],"TRIAL":[216],"NUMBER:":[217],"Not":[218],"applicable.":[219]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-11-11T00:00:00"}