{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2079825186","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/2192-113x-1-15","title":"A multi-level security model for partitioning workflows over federated clouds","display_name":"A multi-level security model for partitioning workflows over federated clouds","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2079825186","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/2192-113x-1-15","mag":"2079825186"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/2192-113x-1-15","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/2192-113x-1-15","pdf_url":"https://journalofcloudcomputing.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/2192-113X-1-15","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2486819371","display_name":"Journal of Cloud Computing Advances Systems and Applications","issn_l":"2192-113X","issn":["2192-113X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cloud Computing: Advances, Systems and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://journalofcloudcomputing.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/2192-113X-1-15","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048919001","display_name":"Paul Watson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7629-4760"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84884186","display_name":"Newcastle University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kj2bm70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Paul Watson","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing Science, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK","School of Computing Science; Newcastle University; Newcastle upon Tyne UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing Science, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing Science; Newcastle University; Newcastle upon Tyne UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048919001"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84884186"],"apc_list":{"value":990,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1214},"apc_paid":{"value":990,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1214},"fwci":30.0926,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":79,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99585336,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"1","first_page":"15","last_page":"15"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11614","display_name":"Cloud Data Security Solutions","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11614","display_name":"Cloud Data Security Solutions","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8710010051727295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.8557201623916626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.7045745849609375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workflow","display_name":"Workflow","score":0.6628625392913818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing-security","display_name":"Cloud computing security","score":0.56175297498703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.5306099057197571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/partition","display_name":"Partition (number theory)","score":0.5129448771476746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5029999613761902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4289233088493347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.2278139293193817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.09363919496536255}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8710010051727295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.8557201623916626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.7045745849609375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177212765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627335","display_name":"Workflow","level":2,"score":0.6628625392913818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184842701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370563","display_name":"Cloud computing security","level":3,"score":0.56175297498703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.5306099057197571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1082910","display_name":"Partition (number theory)","level":2,"score":0.5129448771476746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5029999613761902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4289233088493347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.2278139293193817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.09363919496536255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/2192-113x-1-15","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/2192-113x-1-15","pdf_url":"https://journalofcloudcomputing.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/2192-113X-1-15","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2486819371","display_name":"Journal of Cloud Computing Advances Systems and Applications","issn_l":"2192-113X","issn":["2192-113X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cloud Computing: Advances, Systems and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/2192-113x-1-15","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/2192-113x-1-15","pdf_url":"https://journalofcloudcomputing.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/2192-113X-1-15","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2486819371","display_name":"Journal of Cloud Computing Advances Systems and Applications","issn_l":"2192-113X","issn":["2192-113X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cloud Computing: Advances, Systems and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5549584010","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/G066019/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320240","funder_display_name":"Research Councils UK"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6567743404","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/G066019/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320240","display_name":"Research Councils UK","ror":"https://ror.org/00dq2kk65"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2079825186.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2079825186.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W777393327","https://openalex.org/W1556536463","https://openalex.org/W1604563889","https://openalex.org/W1842847600","https://openalex.org/W1965548823","https://openalex.org/W1992661051","https://openalex.org/W2017301167","https://openalex.org/W2046255109","https://openalex.org/W2087940016","https://openalex.org/W2103128343","https://openalex.org/W2105908337","https://openalex.org/W2126583885","https://openalex.org/W2131629857","https://openalex.org/W2135639567","https://openalex.org/W2143049370","https://openalex.org/W2162022335","https://openalex.org/W4237253841"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3181407718","https://openalex.org/W2931996793","https://openalex.org/W4205234238","https://openalex.org/W2788934790","https://openalex.org/W3167767780","https://openalex.org/W3148880067","https://openalex.org/W4205923274","https://openalex.org/W3043682580","https://openalex.org/W2941559775","https://openalex.org/W3142266060"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cloud":[0],"computing":[1],"has":[2,194,207],"the":[3,46,78,89,128,180,217],"potential":[4],"to":[5,37,50,108,151,202],"provide":[6],"low-cost,":[7],"scalable":[8],"computing,":[9],"but":[10,179],"cloud":[11,153],"security":[12,60,135,177],"is":[13,64,72,81,141,165,200,214],"a":[14,25,28,54,84,100,112,144,189,197,211],"major":[15],"area":[16],"of":[17,27,48,56,95,130,191],"concern.":[18],"Many":[19],"organizations":[20],"are":[21,137,161],"therefore":[22],"considering":[23],"using":[24],"combination":[26],"secure":[29,40],"internal":[30],"cloud,":[31,86],"along":[32],"with":[33],"(what":[34],"they":[35],"perceive":[36],"be)":[38],"less":[39],"public":[41],"clouds.":[42,168],"However,":[43],"this":[44,63],"raises":[45],"issue":[47],"how":[49,183],"partition":[51],"applications":[52,120],"across":[53],"set":[55,129,190],"clouds,":[57],"while":[58],"meeting":[59],"requirements.":[61],"Currently,":[62],"usually":[65],"done":[66],"on":[67,83,143],"an":[68,106],"ad-hoc":[69,109],"basis,":[70],"which":[71,119,213],"potentially":[73],"error-prone,":[74],"or":[75],"for":[76],"simplicity":[77],"whole":[79],"application":[80],"deployed":[82],"single":[85,101],"so":[87],"removing":[88],"possible":[90],"performance":[91],"and":[92],"availability":[93],"benefits":[94],"exploiting":[96],"multiple":[97],"clouds":[98,132],"within":[99],"application.":[102],"This":[103,155],"paper":[104,181],"describes":[105,182],"alternative":[107],"approaches":[110],"\u2013":[111],"method":[113,206],"that":[114,134,148,160],"determines":[115],"all":[116],"ways":[117],"in":[118,176,210,216],"structured":[121],"as":[122],"workflows":[123],"can":[124,174,185],"be":[125,186],"partitioned":[126],"over":[127],"available":[131],"such":[133],"requirements":[136],"met.":[138],"The":[139,205],"approach":[140],"based":[142],"Multi-Level":[145],"Security":[146],"model":[147,199],"extends":[149],"Bell-LaPadula":[150],"encompass":[152],"computing.":[154],"includes":[156],"introducing":[157],"workflow":[158],"transformations":[159,173],"needed":[162],"where":[163],"data":[164],"communicated":[166],"between":[167],"In":[169],"specific":[170],"cases":[171],"these":[172,184],"result":[175],"breaches,":[178],"detected.":[187],"Once":[188],"valid":[192],"options":[193],"been":[195,208],"generated,":[196],"cost":[198],"used":[201],"rank":[203],"them.":[204],"implemented":[209],"tool,":[212],"described":[215],"paper.":[218]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
