{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3164058672","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42492-021-00081-1","title":"Chronic cranial window for photoacoustic imaging: a mini review","display_name":"Chronic cranial window for photoacoustic imaging: a mini review","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-05-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3164058672","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42492-021-00081-1","mag":"3164058672","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34037873"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s42492-021-00081-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42492-021-00081-1","pdf_url":"https://vciba.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s42492-021-00081-1","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035464634","display_name":"Visual Computing for Industry Biomedicine and Art","issn_l":"2096-496X","issn":["2096-496X","2524-4442"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Visual Computing for Industry, Biomedicine, and Art","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://vciba.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s42492-021-00081-1","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100635302","display_name":"Yongchao Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5156-2765"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3045169105","display_name":"Southern University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/049tv2d57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yongchao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China","School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, Sichuan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, Sichuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029417524","display_name":"Lei Xi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2598-6801"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3045169105","display_name":"Southern University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/049tv2d57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Xi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China. xilei@sustech.edu.cn","Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China. xilei@sustech.edu.cn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100635302"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711","https://openalex.org/I3045169105"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3395,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.53111647,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"1","first_page":"15","last_page":"15"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12015","display_name":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12015","display_name":"Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10977","display_name":"Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques","score":0.9939000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11856","display_name":"Thermography and Photoacoustic Techniques","score":0.991599977016449,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/window","display_name":"Window (computing)","score":0.6317635774612427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photoacoustic-imaging-in-biomedicine","display_name":"Photoacoustic imaging in biomedicine","score":0.5349878668785095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics","score":0.4895678460597992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-physics","display_name":"Medical physics","score":0.4771656095981598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.4450572431087494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroimaging","display_name":"Neuroimaging","score":0.4357760548591614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.42795905470848083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.4164162874221802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiology","display_name":"Radiology","score":0.3240189552307129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.27069365978240967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.21437180042266846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.20019811391830444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.12974143028259277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.10667484998703003}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778751112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q835016","display_name":"Window (computing)","level":2,"score":0.6317635774612427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54932901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187705","display_name":"Photoacoustic imaging in biomedicine","level":2,"score":0.5349878668785095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77660652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150971","display_name":"Computer graphics","level":2,"score":0.4895678460597992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19527891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120908","display_name":"Medical physics","level":1,"score":0.4771656095981598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.4450572431087494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58693492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q551875","display_name":"Neuroimaging","level":2,"score":0.4357760548591614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.42795905470848083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4164162874221802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.3240189552307129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.27069365978240967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.21437180042266846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.20019811391830444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.12974143028259277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.10667484998703003}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s42492-021-00081-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42492-021-00081-1","pdf_url":"https://vciba.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s42492-021-00081-1","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035464634","display_name":"Visual Computing for Industry Biomedicine and Art","issn_l":"2096-496X","issn":["2096-496X","2524-4442"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Visual Computing for Industry, Biomedicine, and Art","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:34037873","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34037873","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Visual computing for industry, biomedicine, and art","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a7d2fd6b9f3f4eb793c92b130aba75b3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a7d2fd6b9f3f4eb793c92b130aba75b3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Visual Computing for Industry, Biomedicine, and Art, Vol 4, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8155166","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8155166","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Vis Comput Ind Biomed Art","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s42492-021-00081-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42492-021-00081-1","pdf_url":"https://vciba.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s42492-021-00081-1","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035464634","display_name":"Visual Computing for Industry Biomedicine and Art","issn_l":"2096-496X","issn":["2096-496X","2524-4442"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Visual Computing for Industry, Biomedicine, and Art","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1037433025","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"81571722","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2766748726","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019ZT08Y191","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324202","funder_display_name":"Guangdong Science and Technology Department"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2817150345","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62022037","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3363150216","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019ZT08Y191","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333334","funder_display_name":"Guangdong Province Introduction of Innovative R&D Team"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4406699933","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61528401","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4784423549","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61775028","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G608544999","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"SZBL2020090501013","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324202","funder_display_name":"Guangdong Science and Technology Department"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323292","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324202","display_name":"Guangdong Science and Technology Department","ror":"https://ror.org/00tjzgn92"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327605","display_name":"Southern University of Science and Technology","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331248","display_name":"Shenzhen Bay Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/00sdcjz77"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333334","display_name":"Guangdong Province Introduction of Innovative R&D Team","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3164058672.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3164058672.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":71,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1590033016","https://openalex.org/W1941392759","https://openalex.org/W1943394565","https://openalex.org/W1965532915","https://openalex.org/W1973254888","https://openalex.org/W1978512222","https://openalex.org/W1979958705","https://openalex.org/W1989452564","https://openalex.org/W1993748326","https://openalex.org/W1994439005","https://openalex.org/W2004196471","https://openalex.org/W2007494471","https://openalex.org/W2007968467","https://openalex.org/W2009106604","https://openalex.org/W2024391597","https://openalex.org/W2029734814","https://openalex.org/W2030964111","https://openalex.org/W2035753658","https://openalex.org/W2036078196","https://openalex.org/W2055907585","https://openalex.org/W2056314199","https://openalex.org/W2056806461","https://openalex.org/W2061125228","https://openalex.org/W2061907214","https://openalex.org/W2063987967","https://openalex.org/W2068926508","https://openalex.org/W2069656681","https://openalex.org/W2072296900","https://openalex.org/W2078007789","https://openalex.org/W2082443077","https://openalex.org/W2087930239","https://openalex.org/W2099852317","https://openalex.org/W2109329707","https://openalex.org/W2116936385","https://openalex.org/W2123241697","https://openalex.org/W2129964242","https://openalex.org/W2136537123","https://openalex.org/W2140914831","https://openalex.org/W2147182902","https://openalex.org/W2147607085","https://openalex.org/W2154783457","https://openalex.org/W2157048271","https://openalex.org/W2158255231","https://openalex.org/W2163737596","https://openalex.org/W2320541947","https://openalex.org/W2343403410","https://openalex.org/W2416002407","https://openalex.org/W2464343334","https://openalex.org/W2484448248","https://openalex.org/W2558180774","https://openalex.org/W2570871165","https://openalex.org/W2582483622","https://openalex.org/W2745942738","https://openalex.org/W2785636505","https://openalex.org/W2794773085","https://openalex.org/W2801699416","https://openalex.org/W2890266329","https://openalex.org/W2910096364","https://openalex.org/W2938114423","https://openalex.org/W2957245481","https://openalex.org/W2958881987","https://openalex.org/W2965918733","https://openalex.org/W2971752046","https://openalex.org/W2973364096","https://openalex.org/W2973406408","https://openalex.org/W2998486291","https://openalex.org/W3004935538","https://openalex.org/W3021353081","https://openalex.org/W3046235423","https://openalex.org/W3048100439","https://openalex.org/W3192159839"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2327340211","https://openalex.org/W2027542625","https://openalex.org/W4292199793","https://openalex.org/W2390901981","https://openalex.org/W2282195379","https://openalex.org/W2109115373","https://openalex.org/W2089784006","https://openalex.org/W2295388821","https://openalex.org/W2102312026","https://openalex.org/W3118253164"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Photoacoustic":[0],"(PA)":[1],"microscopy":[2],"is":[3,100],"being":[4],"increasingly":[5],"used":[6],"to":[7,40],"visualize":[8],"the":[9,12,16,49,57,91],"microcirculation":[10],"of":[11,37,45,51,93],"brain":[13],"cortex":[14],"at":[15],"micron":[17],"level":[18],"in":[19,53],"living":[20],"rodents.":[21],"By":[22],"combining":[23],"it":[24],"with":[25],"long-term":[26,52],"cranial":[27,58,80,95],"window":[28,59,81,109],"techniques,":[29],"vasculature":[30],"can":[31],"be":[32],"monitored":[33],"over":[34],"a":[35,43,62],"period":[36],"days":[38],"extending":[39],"months":[41],"through":[42],"field":[44],"view.":[46],"To":[47],"fulfill":[48],"requirements":[50],"vivo":[54],"PA":[55,88,98],"imaging,":[56],"must":[60],"involve":[61],"simple":[63],"and":[64,70,102,113],"rapid":[65],"surgical":[66],"procedure,":[67],"biological":[68],"compatibility,":[69],"sufficient":[71],"optical-acoustic":[72],"transparency,":[73],"which":[74],"are":[75,106],"major":[76],"challenges.":[77],"Recently,":[78],"several":[79],"techniques":[82],"have":[83],"been":[84],"reported":[85],"for":[86,97],"longitudinal":[87,114],"imaging.":[89],"Here,":[90],"development":[92],"chronic":[94],"windows":[96],"imaging":[99,111],"reviewed":[101],"its":[103],"technical":[104],"details":[105],"discussed,":[107],"including":[108],"installation,":[110],"quality,":[112],"stability.":[115]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}