{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7130384185","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42400-025-00431-z","title":"Dynamic multi-key FHE without CRS from LWE","display_name":"Dynamic multi-key FHE without CRS from LWE","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7130384185","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42400-025-00431-z"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s42400-025-00431-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42400-025-00431-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s42400-025-00431-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035238565","display_name":"Cybersecurity","issn_l":"2523-3246","issn":["2523-3246"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cybersecurity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s42400-025-00431-z.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123340301","display_name":"Junjie Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150807315","display_name":"Guangxi University","ror":"https://ror.org/02c9qn167","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150807315"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junjie Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer and Electronic Information, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Electronic Information, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150807315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102869649","display_name":"Ruwei Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7463-6193"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150807315","display_name":"Guangxi University","ror":"https://ror.org/02c9qn167","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150807315"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210097660","display_name":"Guangxi Science and Technology Department","ror":"https://ror.org/00dhpdx54","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097660"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ruwei Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangxi Key Laboratory of Multimedia Communications and Network Technology, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, China","School of Computer and Electronic Information, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Multimedia Communications and Network Technology, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210097660"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Electronic Information, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150807315"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Xiaolong Tang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150807315","display_name":"Guangxi University","ror":"https://ror.org/02c9qn167","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150807315"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaolong Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer and Electronic Information, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Electronic Information, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150807315"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102869649"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150807315","https://openalex.org/I4210097660"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.40056281,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.993399977684021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.993399977684021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11693","display_name":"Cryptography and Residue Arithmetic","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/homomorphic-encryption","display_name":"Homomorphic encryption","score":0.8059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ciphertext","display_name":"Ciphertext","score":0.6521999835968018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.636900007724762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.5792999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantic-security","display_name":"Semantic security","score":0.5705000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-parameter","display_name":"Security parameter","score":0.48399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/string","display_name":"String (physics)","score":0.4650999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.4447999894618988}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158338273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2154943","display_name":"Homomorphic encryption","level":3,"score":0.8059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93974786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1589480","display_name":"Ciphertext","level":3,"score":0.6521999835968018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.636900007724762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6322000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.5792999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204806902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2333581","display_name":"Semantic security","level":5,"score":0.5705000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776711565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7445058","display_name":"Security parameter","level":3,"score":0.48399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.4706000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157486923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1376436","display_name":"String (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4650999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.4447999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3174999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47191418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510462","display_name":"Information-theoretic security","level":3,"score":0.31349998712539673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203062551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201339","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","level":3,"score":0.30489999055862427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.304500013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2973000109195709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100980136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4668956","display_name":"Malleability","level":4,"score":0.29429998993873596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7646194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4818713","display_name":"Attribute-based encryption","level":4,"score":0.2800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119133118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7200761","display_name":"Plaintext-aware encryption","level":5,"score":0.2705000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2653000056743622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54569210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7246854","display_name":"Probabilistic encryption","level":3,"score":0.26109999418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182776695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840661","display_name":"Ciphertext indistinguishability","level":5,"score":0.25540000200271606}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s42400-025-00431-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42400-025-00431-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s42400-025-00431-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035238565","display_name":"Cybersecurity","issn_l":"2523-3246","issn":["2523-3246"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cybersecurity","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:19807e2019fe4242b9eedbcf8e874a1b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/19807e2019fe4242b9eedbcf8e874a1b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Cybersecurity, Vol 9, Iss 1 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s42400-025-00431-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42400-025-00431-z","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s42400-025-00431-z.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035238565","display_name":"Cybersecurity","issn_l":"2523-3246","issn":["2523-3246"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cybersecurity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2355722174","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AB24010340","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336589","funder_display_name":"Guangxi Key Research and Development Program"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6384390189","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"No. 62062009","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315254","funder_display_name":"Innovative Research Group Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8939831322","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"No.AB24010340","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336350","funder_display_name":"Key Research and Development Projects of Shaanxi Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315254","display_name":"Innovative Research Group Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336350","display_name":"Key Research and Development Projects of Shaanxi Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336589","display_name":"Guangxi Key Research and Development Program","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7130384185.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W56544557","https://openalex.org/W2007466965","https://openalex.org/W2031533839","https://openalex.org/W2048994663","https://openalex.org/W2058785578","https://openalex.org/W2110987245","https://openalex.org/W2177209050","https://openalex.org/W2296488250","https://openalex.org/W2499340481","https://openalex.org/W2538296643","https://openalex.org/W2768174108","https://openalex.org/W2921955359","https://openalex.org/W3133536052","https://openalex.org/W3211401014"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"In":[1,32],"dynamic":[2,39,59,108],"multi-key":[3],"Fully":[4],"Homomorphic":[5],"Encryption":[6],"(MFHE)":[7],"scheme,":[8,67],"homomorphic":[9],"operations":[10],"on":[11,44,65,74,89,127],"ciphertexts":[12,28,175],"encrypted":[13],"under":[14,29],"different":[15],"keys":[16,170,178],"are":[17],"allowed.":[18],"Moreover,":[19],"the":[20,90,120,128,142,151,164],"resulting":[21],"ciphertext":[22,195],"can":[23],"be":[24],"further":[25],"computed":[26],"with":[27,153],"other":[30,185],"keys.":[31],"2016,":[33],"Peikert":[34],"and":[35,51,77,93,124,176,194],"Shiehian":[36],"presented":[37],"a":[38,46,75,83,97,100,106,145],"MFHE":[40,60,84,109],"scheme":[41,86,116,181],"that":[42],"relies":[43,87],"using":[45],"Common":[47],"Reference":[48],"String":[49],"(CRS)":[50],"circular":[52,78,121],"security":[53,79,122],"assumptions.":[54],"Subsequently,":[55],"various":[56],"variants":[57],"of":[58,137,166,174],"schemes":[61,71],"were":[62],"proposed":[63],"based":[64],"this":[66],"but":[68,148],"these":[69],"variant":[70],"still":[72],"rely":[73],"CRS":[76,98,147,152],"assumption.":[80],"Therefore,":[81],"constructing":[82],"GSW":[85],"solely":[88,126],"LWE":[91,129],"assumption":[92,123],"does":[94,117],"not":[95,118],"require":[96,119],"remains":[99],"valuable":[101],"challenge.":[102],"This":[103,160],"paper":[104],"introduces":[105],"new":[107],"scheme.":[110],"Compared":[111],"to":[112,168,184],"existing":[113,186],"solutions,":[114,187],"our":[115,180],"depends":[125],"assumption,":[130],"which":[131],"theoretically":[132],"provides":[133],"an":[134],"enhanced":[135],"level":[136],"security.":[138],"Additionally,":[139],"it":[140],"eliminates":[141],"need":[143],"for":[144],"shared":[146],"instead":[149],"replaces":[150],"each":[154],"party":[155],"independently":[156],"generate":[157,169],"random":[158],"matrices.":[159],"decentralized":[161],"approach":[162],"enhances":[163],"ability":[165],"users":[167],"independently.":[171],"The":[172],"size":[173],"public":[177],"in":[179,191],"is":[182],"comparable":[183],"thus":[188],"maintaining":[189],"efficiency":[190],"both":[192],"computation":[193],"extension.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2026-02-19T00:00:00"}