{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415899221","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42400-025-00385-2","title":"A compact hardware STBCS design by using stochastic computation","display_name":"A compact hardware STBCS design by using stochastic computation","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415899221","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42400-025-00385-2"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s42400-025-00385-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42400-025-00385-2","pdf_url":"https://cybersecurity.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s42400-025-00385-2","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035238565","display_name":"Cybersecurity","issn_l":"2523-3246","issn":["2523-3246"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cybersecurity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://cybersecurity.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s42400-025-00385-2","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044091027","display_name":"Junxiu Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9790-1571"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29739308","display_name":"Guangxi Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02frt9q65","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I29739308"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Junxiu Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain-inspired Computing and Intelligent Chips, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China","Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Circuits and Optical Communications, Guangxi Normal University, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain-inspired Computing and Intelligent Chips, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29739308"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Circuits and Optical Communications, Guangxi Normal University, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29739308"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038697819","display_name":"Zhewei Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4224-0497"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29739308","display_name":"Guangxi Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02frt9q65","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I29739308"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhewei Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain-inspired Computing and Intelligent Chips, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China","Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Circuits and Optical Communications, Guangxi Normal University, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain-inspired Computing and Intelligent Chips, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29739308"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Circuits and Optical Communications, Guangxi Normal University, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29739308"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112127033","display_name":"Yuling Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2428-2423"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29739308","display_name":"Guangxi Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02frt9q65","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I29739308"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuling Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain-inspired Computing and Intelligent Chips, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China","Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Circuits and Optical Communications, Guangxi Normal University, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain-inspired Computing and Intelligent Chips, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29739308"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Circuits and Optical Communications, Guangxi Normal University, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29739308"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101992907","display_name":"Qiang Fu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7159-6515"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29739308","display_name":"Guangxi Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02frt9q65","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I29739308"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiang Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain-inspired Computing and Intelligent Chips, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China","Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Circuits and Optical Communications, Guangxi Normal University, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain-inspired Computing and Intelligent Chips, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29739308"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Circuits and Optical Communications, Guangxi Normal University, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29739308"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089336832","display_name":"Shengfeng Qin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8538-8136"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29739308","display_name":"Guangxi Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02frt9q65","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I29739308"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sheng Qin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain-inspired Computing and Intelligent Chips, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China","Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Circuits and Optical Communications, Guangxi Normal University, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain-inspired Computing and Intelligent Chips, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29739308"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Circuits and Optical Communications, Guangxi Normal University, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29739308"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100396426","display_name":"Junjie Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3636-4549"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29739308","display_name":"Guangxi Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02frt9q65","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I29739308"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junjie Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain-inspired Computing and Intelligent Chips, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China","Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Circuits and Optical Communications, Guangxi Normal University, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain-inspired Computing and Intelligent Chips, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29739308"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Circuits and Optical Communications, Guangxi Normal University, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29739308"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5044091027"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29739308"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.32234083,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.8108999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.8108999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10244","display_name":"Chaos control and synchronization","score":0.13699999451637268,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11697","display_name":"Numerical Methods and Algorithms","score":0.012400000356137753,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chaotic","display_name":"Chaotic","score":0.7623000144958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.6783000230789185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stochastic-computing","display_name":"Stochastic computing","score":0.6542999744415283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.5954999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.52920001745224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-signal-processing","display_name":"Digital signal processing","score":0.4832000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generator","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","score":0.478300005197525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-number-generation","display_name":"Random number generation","score":0.3837999999523163}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777052490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072826","display_name":"Chaotic","level":2,"score":0.7623000144958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.6783000230789185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780971903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2933705","display_name":"Stochastic computing","level":3,"score":0.6542999744415283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6492999792098999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.5954999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.52920001745224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84462506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173142","display_name":"Digital signal processing","level":2,"score":0.4832000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780992000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17016113","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","level":3,"score":0.478300005197525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.4487000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.39969998598098755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201866948","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228206","display_name":"Random number generation","level":2,"score":0.3837999999523163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779374083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5011038","display_name":"CHAOS (operating system)","level":2,"score":0.3817000091075897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140642157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1623338","display_name":"Pseudorandom number generator","level":2,"score":0.3763999938964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3743000030517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.35359999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167822520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176452","display_name":"Finite-state machine","level":2,"score":0.3479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.31610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8272713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176737","display_name":"Stochastic process","level":2,"score":0.3009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987469083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166314","display_name":"Chaotic systems","level":3,"score":0.2903999984264374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42143788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173341","display_name":"Hardware description language","level":3,"score":0.2825999855995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39217717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1432354","display_name":"Hardware security module","level":3,"score":0.26249998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2606000006198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190560348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3245116","display_name":"Circuit design","level":2,"score":0.2513999938964844}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s42400-025-00385-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42400-025-00385-2","pdf_url":"https://cybersecurity.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s42400-025-00385-2","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035238565","display_name":"Cybersecurity","issn_l":"2523-3246","issn":["2523-3246"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cybersecurity","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d854bfe8be804b06b5cb8b5374131672","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d854bfe8be804b06b5cb8b5374131672","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Cybersecurity, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s42400-025-00385-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42400-025-00385-2","pdf_url":"https://cybersecurity.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s42400-025-00385-2","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035238565","display_name":"Cybersecurity","issn_l":"2523-3246","issn":["2523-3246"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cybersecurity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5065827214","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022GXNSFFA035028","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313613","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313613","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4415899221.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4415899221.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1516007218","https://openalex.org/W2027269053","https://openalex.org/W2043523826","https://openalex.org/W2047830439","https://openalex.org/W2051703460","https://openalex.org/W2072741528","https://openalex.org/W2088639203","https://openalex.org/W2095463005","https://openalex.org/W2113619583","https://openalex.org/W2119871004","https://openalex.org/W2144076325","https://openalex.org/W2147895046","https://openalex.org/W2171060285","https://openalex.org/W2280707411","https://openalex.org/W2497469380","https://openalex.org/W2604894355","https://openalex.org/W2743732015","https://openalex.org/W2783110569","https://openalex.org/W2905741893","https://openalex.org/W2914283612","https://openalex.org/W2990777726","https://openalex.org/W3153149994","https://openalex.org/W3154800872","https://openalex.org/W3186301964","https://openalex.org/W3197325753","https://openalex.org/W4206999926","https://openalex.org/W4210706407","https://openalex.org/W4226180019","https://openalex.org/W4281649286","https://openalex.org/W4389347592","https://openalex.org/W4390517532","https://openalex.org/W4394598255","https://openalex.org/W4396561988","https://openalex.org/W4400247927"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Chaotic":[1,16],"systems":[2],"play":[3],"an":[4,142],"indispensable":[5],"role":[6],"in":[7],"the":[8,21,46,51,63,77,84,90,101,110,122,125,131,136,146,150],"fields":[9],"of":[10,23,30,72,100,109,124,149],"cryptography":[11],"and":[12,26,43,65,87,113],"information":[13],"security.":[14],"Sine-Transform-Based":[15],"System":[17],"(STBCS)":[18],"can":[19],"address":[20],"shortcomings":[22],"low":[24],"complexity":[25],"limited":[27],"chaotic":[28,85,111],"behaviour":[29],"classical":[31],"chaos":[32],"systems.":[33],"In":[34],"this":[35],"paper,":[36],"a":[37],"compact":[38],"hardware":[39,98,126],"STBCS":[40,73],"is":[41,74,80,104,128],"proposed":[42,102],"developed":[44],"on":[45],"FPGA":[47],"device":[48],"by":[49,62],"using":[50],"Stochastic":[52],"Computation":[53],"(SC)":[54],"technique.":[55],"The":[56,70,97],"traditional":[57,137],"arithmetic":[58],"operations":[59],"are":[60],"replaced":[61],"SC":[64,91],"finite":[66],"state":[67],"machines":[68],"design.":[69],"structure":[71],"optimised,":[75],"where":[76],"disturbance":[78],"method":[79,92],"employed":[81],"to":[82,135],"improve":[83],"behaviours":[86],"also":[88],"taking":[89],"into":[93],"account":[94],"for":[95,145],"implementation.":[96],"performance":[99],"design":[103,138,144],"verified":[105],"via":[106],"various":[107],"tests":[108],"system":[112],"corresponding":[114],"random":[115,147],"number":[116],"generator.":[117],"Experimental":[118],"results":[119],"show":[120],"that":[121],"utilisation":[123],"resources":[127],"reduced":[129],"especially":[130],"DSP":[132],"components":[133],"compared":[134],"methods.":[139],"This":[140],"provides":[141],"efficient":[143],"generator":[148],"alternative":[151],"cryptosystems.":[152]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-11-05T00:00:00"}
