{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401278076","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42400-024-00219-7","title":"Classification of DDoS attack traffic on SDN network environment using deep learning","display_name":"Classification of DDoS attack traffic on SDN network environment using deep learning","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401278076","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42400-024-00219-7"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s42400-024-00219-7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42400-024-00219-7","pdf_url":"https://cybersecurity.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s42400-024-00219-7","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035238565","display_name":"Cybersecurity","issn_l":"2523-3246","issn":["2523-3246"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cybersecurity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://cybersecurity.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s42400-024-00219-7","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087482251","display_name":"Urikhimbam Boby Clinton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1227-125X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16471300","display_name":"Manipur University","ror":"https://ror.org/03964fn67","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16471300"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Urikhimbam Boby Clinton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Manipur University, Imphal, Manipur, 795003, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Manipur University, Imphal, Manipur, 795003, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16471300"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019552996","display_name":"Nazrul Hoque","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2428-8574"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16471300","display_name":"Manipur University","ror":"https://ror.org/03964fn67","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16471300"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nazrul Hoque","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Manipur University, Imphal, Manipur, 795003, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2428-8574","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Manipur University, Imphal, Manipur, 795003, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16471300"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035576850","display_name":"Khumukcham Robindro Singh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8511-2735"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16471300","display_name":"Manipur University","ror":"https://ror.org/03964fn67","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16471300"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khumukcham Robindro Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Manipur University, Imphal, Manipur, 795003, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Manipur University, Imphal, Manipur, 795003, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16471300"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019552996"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16471300"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.7104,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":38,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98935143,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/denial-of-service-attack","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","score":0.8397057056427002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6443005204200745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4994361400604248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.4503933787345886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3660132884979248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.14949974417686462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.09801715612411499}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38822068","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131406","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","level":3,"score":0.8397057056427002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6443005204200745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4994361400604248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4503933787345886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3660132884979248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.14949974417686462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.09801715612411499}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s42400-024-00219-7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42400-024-00219-7","pdf_url":"https://cybersecurity.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s42400-024-00219-7","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035238565","display_name":"Cybersecurity","issn_l":"2523-3246","issn":["2523-3246"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cybersecurity","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:96f4890e82fe49b0be0a14a7dc0b4ef7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/96f4890e82fe49b0be0a14a7dc0b4ef7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Cybersecurity, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-28 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s42400-024-00219-7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42400-024-00219-7","pdf_url":"https://cybersecurity.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s42400-024-00219-7","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035238565","display_name":"Cybersecurity","issn_l":"2523-3246","issn":["2523-3246"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cybersecurity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320719","display_name":"Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India","ror":"https://ror.org/0101xrq71"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334771","display_name":"Science and Engineering Research Board","ror":"https://ror.org/03ffdsr55"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4401278076.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4401278076.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2040340473","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2067551786","https://openalex.org/W2097117768","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2122538988","https://openalex.org/W2137345105","https://openalex.org/W2150213544","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2560162835","https://openalex.org/W2753898605","https://openalex.org/W2775132284","https://openalex.org/W2782978729","https://openalex.org/W2784664815","https://openalex.org/W2799843691","https://openalex.org/W2883690386","https://openalex.org/W2912370732","https://openalex.org/W2919121218","https://openalex.org/W2920408562","https://openalex.org/W2921382838","https://openalex.org/W2925211503","https://openalex.org/W2950540448","https://openalex.org/W2950635152","https://openalex.org/W2963446712","https://openalex.org/W2963655955","https://openalex.org/W2988973149","https://openalex.org/W3004079980","https://openalex.org/W3010220852","https://openalex.org/W3034595728","https://openalex.org/W3035387070","https://openalex.org/W3036749504","https://openalex.org/W3044605398","https://openalex.org/W3081430061","https://openalex.org/W3091945716","https://openalex.org/W3109037541","https://openalex.org/W3117041256","https://openalex.org/W3118774794","https://openalex.org/W3161554626","https://openalex.org/W3175448228","https://openalex.org/W3175632151","https://openalex.org/W3177795942","https://openalex.org/W3198147008","https://openalex.org/W3198345697","https://openalex.org/W4210348822","https://openalex.org/W4210541099","https://openalex.org/W4210683801","https://openalex.org/W4234078321","https://openalex.org/W4251777364","https://openalex.org/W4307939084","https://openalex.org/W4312760756","https://openalex.org/W4313328574","https://openalex.org/W4323034524","https://openalex.org/W4380482418"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2731899572","https://openalex.org/W3215138031","https://openalex.org/W3009238340","https://openalex.org/W4321369474","https://openalex.org/W4360585206","https://openalex.org/W4285208911","https://openalex.org/W3082895349","https://openalex.org/W4213079790","https://openalex.org/W2248239756","https://openalex.org/W4323565446"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Distributed":[1],"Denial":[2],"of":[3,14,30,35,64,93],"Service":[4],"(DDoS)":[5],"attack":[6,55,79,125,138],"is":[7,38,73,108,165],"a":[8,62,109,132],"major":[9],"threat":[10],"to":[11,26,75,83,134,152],"the":[12,27,33,58,77,84,90,94,98,106,123,136,147,157,182],"Internet":[13],"Things":[15],"(IoT),":[16],"Software":[17],"Defined":[18],"Networks":[19],"(SDN),":[20],"and":[21,41,116,130,155,172],"Cloud":[22],"Computing":[23],"Networks.":[24],"Due":[25],"tremendous":[28],"applications":[29],"IoT":[31,49,52],"networks,":[32],"number":[34],"DDoS":[36,44,54,78,87,103,124,137],"attacks":[37,45,88,104],"increasing":[39],"significantly,":[40],"most":[42],"sophisticated":[43],"are":[46],"generated":[47],"through":[48],"botnets.":[50],"An":[51],"botnet-based":[53],"can":[56,96],"disrupt":[57,97],"network":[59,114,150],"quickly":[60],"with":[61],"surge":[63],"malicious":[65,158],"traffic.":[66],"Especially":[67],"in":[68],"an":[69,127],"SDN":[70,85,95,128],"network,":[71],"it":[72,81],"important":[74],"detect":[76],"before":[80],"occurs":[82],"controller.":[86],"on":[89,126,167,187],"centralized":[91],"controller":[92],"whole":[99],"network.":[100],"So,":[101],"identifying":[102],"at":[105],"earliest":[107],"critical":[110],"security":[111],"measure":[112],"for":[113],"experts":[115],"practitioners.":[117],"In":[118],"this":[119],"paper,":[120],"we":[121],"analyze":[122],"environment":[129],"develop":[131],"method":[133,145,164,184],"identify":[135],"using":[139],"Deep":[140],"Learning":[141],"(DL).":[142],"The":[143,163,177],"proposed":[144,183],"converts":[146],"captured":[148],"raw":[149],"traffic":[151],"image":[153],"data":[154,159],"classifies":[156],"from":[160],"normal":[161],"data.":[162],"evaluated":[166],"our":[168],"test-bed":[169],"simulated":[170],"dataset":[171],"two":[173],"other":[174],"benchmark":[175],"datasets.":[176],"experimental":[178],"comparison":[179],"shows":[180],"that":[181],"performs":[185],"better":[186],"all":[188],"three":[189],"datasets,":[190],"giving":[191],"more":[192],"than":[193],"99%":[194],"classification":[195],"accuracy.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-17T06:14:20.161405","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}