{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4399266359","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42400-023-00201-9","title":"HSS: enhancing IoT malicious traffic classification leveraging hybrid sampling strategy","display_name":"HSS: enhancing IoT malicious traffic classification leveraging hybrid sampling strategy","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4399266359","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42400-023-00201-9"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s42400-023-00201-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42400-023-00201-9","pdf_url":"https://cybersecurity.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s42400-023-00201-9","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035238565","display_name":"Cybersecurity","issn_l":"2523-3246","issn":["2523-3246"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cybersecurity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://cybersecurity.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s42400-023-00201-9","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102797850","display_name":"Yuantu Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0448-2502"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuantu Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100967331","display_name":"Jun Tao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0701-0119"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Tao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103179811","display_name":"Yuehao Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3028-7377"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuehao Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033288534","display_name":"Yifan Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9965-0086"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yifan Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7915,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86832164,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6666088700294495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.4980325698852539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.45786765217781067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4403780698776245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sampling","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","score":0.4338243007659912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.28371763229370117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.0997975766658783}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6666088700294495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.4980325698852539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.45786765217781067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4403780698776245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140779682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210868","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","level":3,"score":0.4338243007659912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.28371763229370117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0997975766658783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s42400-023-00201-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42400-023-00201-9","pdf_url":"https://cybersecurity.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s42400-023-00201-9","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035238565","display_name":"Cybersecurity","issn_l":"2523-3246","issn":["2523-3246"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cybersecurity","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:43658439a54042a880af8f5095bf1a3f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/43658439a54042a880af8f5095bf1a3f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Cybersecurity, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s42400-023-00201-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42400-023-00201-9","pdf_url":"https://cybersecurity.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s42400-023-00201-9","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035238565","display_name":"Cybersecurity","issn_l":"2523-3246","issn":["2523-3246"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cybersecurity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.6399999856948853,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4399266359.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1994410331","https://openalex.org/W1999318832","https://openalex.org/W2037717889","https://openalex.org/W2132791018","https://openalex.org/W2148143831","https://openalex.org/W2185967890","https://openalex.org/W2303605678","https://openalex.org/W2343828539","https://openalex.org/W2606697812","https://openalex.org/W2606782169","https://openalex.org/W2766296277","https://openalex.org/W2897202622","https://openalex.org/W2907882680","https://openalex.org/W2908297277","https://openalex.org/W2913790721","https://openalex.org/W2963516518","https://openalex.org/W2969414999","https://openalex.org/W3000339128","https://openalex.org/W3007520149","https://openalex.org/W3014732532","https://openalex.org/W3018761215","https://openalex.org/W3020687048","https://openalex.org/W3111875476","https://openalex.org/W3136603773","https://openalex.org/W3154256047","https://openalex.org/W3166711341","https://openalex.org/W3208904656","https://openalex.org/W4205964071","https://openalex.org/W4224323533","https://openalex.org/W4283068901","https://openalex.org/W4312935532","https://openalex.org/W4315928996","https://openalex.org/W4322722384","https://openalex.org/W4367047070","https://openalex.org/W4377042702","https://openalex.org/W4382281941"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4245926026","https://openalex.org/W4311097251","https://openalex.org/W2586548817","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2625093826","https://openalex.org/W2950174689","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4200598720"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Using":[1],"deep":[2],"learning":[3],"models":[4,35],"to":[5,18,40,103,150],"deal":[6],"with":[7,146],"the":[8,20,30,49,56,64,92,100,125,164,177],"classification":[9,27,115,128],"tasks":[10],"in":[11,59,94,168,172],"network":[12],"traffic":[13,26,96],"offers":[14],"a":[15,75,131,136,151,161],"new":[16],"approach":[17,88],"address":[19,70],"imbalanced":[21],"Internet":[22],"of":[23,33,51,133,138,153,166,179],"Things":[24],"malicious":[25,95],"problems.":[28],"However,":[29],"employment":[31],"difficulty":[32],"these":[34,71],"may":[36],"be":[37],"immense":[38],"due":[39],"their":[41],"high":[42],"resource":[43,144],"consumption":[44],"and":[45,84,135,182],"inadequate":[46],"interpretability.":[47],"Fortunately,":[48],"effectiveness":[50],"sampling":[52,77,101],"methods":[53],"based":[54],"on":[55],"statistical":[57],"principles":[58],"imbalance":[60,93],"data":[61],"distribution":[62],"indicates":[63],"path.":[65],"In":[66],"this":[67,117],"paper,":[68],"we":[69],"challenges":[72],"by":[73,130],"proposing":[74],"hybrid":[76],"method,":[78],"termed":[79],"HSS,":[80],"which":[81],"integrates":[82],"undersampling":[83],"oversampling":[85],"techniques.":[86],"Our":[87],"not":[89],"only":[90],"mitigates":[91],"but":[97],"also":[98],"fine-tunes":[99],"threshold":[102],"optimize":[104],"performance,":[105],"as":[106,160],"substantiated":[107],"through":[108],"validation":[109],"tests.":[110],"Employed":[111],"across":[112],"three":[113],"distinct":[114],"tasks,":[116],"method":[118],"furnishes":[119],"simplified":[120],"yet":[121],"representative":[122],"samples,":[123],"enhancing":[124],"baseline":[126],"models\u2019":[127],"capabilities":[129],"minimum":[132],"6.02%":[134],"maximum":[137],"182.66%.":[139],"Moreover,":[140],"it":[141],"notably":[142],"reduces":[143],"consumption,":[145],"sample":[147],"numbers":[148],"diminishing":[149],"ratio":[152],"at":[154],"least":[155],"83.53%.":[156],"This":[157],"investigation":[158],"serves":[159],"foundation,":[162],"demonstrating":[163],"efficacy":[165],"HSS":[167],"bolstering":[169],"security":[170],"measures":[171],"IoT":[173],"networks,":[174],"potentially":[175],"guiding":[176],"development":[178],"more":[180],"adept":[181],"resource-efficient":[183],"solutions.":[184]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
