{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4362576140","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42400-023-00138-z","title":"Exploring best-matched embedding model and classifier for charging-pile fault diagnosis","display_name":"Exploring best-matched embedding model and classifier for charging-pile fault diagnosis","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-04-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4362576140","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42400-023-00138-z"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s42400-023-00138-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42400-023-00138-z","pdf_url":"https://cybersecurity.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s42400-023-00138-z","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035238565","display_name":"Cybersecurity","issn_l":"2523-3246","issn":["2523-3246"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cybersecurity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://cybersecurity.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s42400-023-00138-z","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100396383","display_name":"Wen Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1527-5966"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17442442","display_name":"State Grid Corporation of China (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/05twwhs70","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17442442"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wen Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Grid Electric Vehicle Service Company, Ltd., 1 Baiguang Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, China","State Grid Electric Vehicle Service Company, Ltd., Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Grid Electric Vehicle Service Company, Ltd., 1 Baiguang Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17442442"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Grid Electric Vehicle Service Company, Ltd., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17442442"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100420034","display_name":"Jianhua Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2773-3429"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianhua Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Key Laboratory of Security and Privacy in Intelligent Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, 3 Shangyuancun, Beijing, 100044, China","Beijing Key Laboratory of Security and Privacy in Intelligent Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Security and Privacy in Intelligent Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, 3 Shangyuancun, Beijing, 100044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Security and Privacy in Intelligent Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111680749","display_name":"Xiaofeng Peng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17442442","display_name":"State Grid Corporation of China (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/05twwhs70","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17442442"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaofeng Peng","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Grid Electric Vehicle Service Company, Ltd., 1 Baiguang Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, China","State Grid Electric Vehicle Service Company, Ltd., Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Grid Electric Vehicle Service Company, Ltd., 1 Baiguang Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17442442"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Grid Electric Vehicle Service Company, Ltd., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17442442"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101925551","display_name":"Ye Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5571-9747"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17442442","display_name":"State Grid Corporation of China (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/05twwhs70","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17442442"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ye Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Grid Electric Vehicle Service Company, Ltd., 1 Baiguang Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, China","State Grid Electric Vehicle Service Company, Ltd., Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Grid Electric Vehicle Service Company, Ltd., 1 Baiguang Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17442442"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Grid Electric Vehicle Service Company, Ltd., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17442442"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063594676","display_name":"Chun Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0725-1107"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17442442","display_name":"State Grid Corporation of China (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/05twwhs70","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17442442"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chun Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Grid Shanxi Marketing Service Center, 10 Wuluo Street, Tanghuai Garden, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China","State Grid Shanxi Marketing Service Center, Taiyuan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Grid Shanxi Marketing Service Center, 10 Wuluo Street, Tanghuai Garden, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17442442"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Grid Shanxi Marketing Service Center, Taiyuan, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004009456","display_name":"Shuai Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8015-1578"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17442442","display_name":"State Grid Corporation of China (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/05twwhs70","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17442442"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuai Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Grid Shanxi Marketing Service Center, 10 Wuluo Street, Tanghuai Garden, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China","State Grid Shanxi Marketing Service Center, Taiyuan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Grid Shanxi Marketing Service Center, 10 Wuluo Street, Tanghuai Garden, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17442442"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Grid Shanxi Marketing Service Center, Taiyuan, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037689493","display_name":"Mingcai Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17442442","display_name":"State Grid Corporation of China (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/05twwhs70","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17442442"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingcai Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Grid Electric Vehicle Service Company, Ltd., 1 Baiguang Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, China","State Grid Electric Vehicle Service Company, Ltd., Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Grid Electric Vehicle Service Company, Ltd., 1 Baiguang Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17442442"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Grid Electric Vehicle Service Company, Ltd., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17442442"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108784439","display_name":"Lingfei Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17442442","display_name":"State Grid Corporation of China (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/05twwhs70","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17442442"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lingfei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Grid Electric Vehicle Service Company, Ltd., 1 Baiguang Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, China","State Grid Electric Vehicle Service Company, Ltd., Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Grid Electric Vehicle Service Company, Ltd., 1 Baiguang Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17442442"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Grid Electric Vehicle Service Company, Ltd., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17442442"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100412799","display_name":"Lin Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5232-6502"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Key Laboratory of Security and Privacy in Intelligent Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, 3 Shangyuancun, Beijing, 100044, China","Beijing Key Laboratory of Security and Privacy in Intelligent Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Security and Privacy in Intelligent Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, 3 Shangyuancun, Beijing, 100044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Security and Privacy in Intelligent Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024597522","display_name":"Xiaolin Chang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2975-8857"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiaolin Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Key Laboratory of Security and Privacy in Intelligent Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, 3 Shangyuancun, Beijing, 100044, China","Beijing Key Laboratory of Security and Privacy in Intelligent Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Security and Privacy in Intelligent Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, 3 Shangyuancun, Beijing, 100044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Security and Privacy in Intelligent Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":10,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5024597522","https://openalex.org/A5100396383"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17442442","https://openalex.org/I21193070"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7758,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70299932,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10768","display_name":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","score":0.988099992275238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10768","display_name":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","score":0.988099992275238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10663","display_name":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","score":0.9772999882698059,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9606999754905701,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6010361313819885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"Random forest","score":0.519118070602417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5179930925369263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.5055062770843506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-tree","display_name":"Decision tree","score":0.4952305853366852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.46617817878723145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.46162301301956177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.45317983627319336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-indicator","display_name":"Fault indicator","score":0.42574769258499146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-detection-and-isolation","display_name":"Fault detection and isolation","score":0.3711045980453491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3706800043582916}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6010361313819885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.519118070602417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5179930925369263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.5055062770843506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84525736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831366","display_name":"Decision tree","level":2,"score":0.4952305853366852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.46617817878723145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.46162301301956177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.45317983627319336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21267803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5438159","display_name":"Fault indicator","level":4,"score":0.42574769258499146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152745839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5438153","display_name":"Fault detection and isolation","level":3,"score":0.3711045980453491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3706800043582916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172707124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423488","display_name":"Actuator","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s42400-023-00138-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42400-023-00138-z","pdf_url":"https://cybersecurity.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s42400-023-00138-z","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035238565","display_name":"Cybersecurity","issn_l":"2523-3246","issn":["2523-3246"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cybersecurity","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:88f3fc5ec15d4b8f910d45bb1de0d637","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/88f3fc5ec15d4b8f910d45bb1de0d637","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Cybersecurity, Vol 6, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s42400-023-00138-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42400-023-00138-z","pdf_url":"https://cybersecurity.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s42400-023-00138-z","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035238565","display_name":"Cybersecurity","issn_l":"2523-3246","issn":["2523-3246"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cybersecurity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5199999809265137,"display_name":"Life in Land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2951295873","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"5418-202071490A-0-0-00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326707","funder_display_name":"State Grid Corporation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5620757279","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"A-0-0-00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326707","funder_display_name":"State Grid Corporation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326707","display_name":"State Grid Corporation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/05twwhs70"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4362576140.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1498436455","https://openalex.org/W1678356000","https://openalex.org/W1988790447","https://openalex.org/W2056132907","https://openalex.org/W2058929792","https://openalex.org/W2110485445","https://openalex.org/W2118020653","https://openalex.org/W2250539671","https://openalex.org/W2894551672","https://openalex.org/W2895489719","https://openalex.org/W2896156965","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W3013398906","https://openalex.org/W3049731396","https://openalex.org/W3095085520","https://openalex.org/W3158946590","https://openalex.org/W3165065123","https://openalex.org/W3165821517","https://openalex.org/W4210807463","https://openalex.org/W4226138103","https://openalex.org/W4239510810","https://openalex.org/W4296425723","https://openalex.org/W4297957988"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4321636153","https://openalex.org/W4377964522","https://openalex.org/W3195168932","https://openalex.org/W4386072274","https://openalex.org/W4386123260","https://openalex.org/W4383535405","https://openalex.org/W4381414210","https://openalex.org/W4384345534","https://openalex.org/W4308191010","https://openalex.org/W3034132578"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1,33],"continuous":[2],"increase":[3],"of":[4,22,29,56,80,147,240],"electric":[5],"vehicles":[6],"is":[7,16],"being":[8],"facilitating":[9],"the":[10,27,129,159,207,222,227,238],"large-scale":[11],"distributed":[12],"charging-pile":[13,31,92,95],"deployment.":[14],"It":[15],"crucial":[17],"to":[18,72,115,119,127,205,211],"guarantee":[19],"normal":[20],"operation":[21],"charging":[23,107],"piles,":[24],"resulting":[25],"in":[26],"importance":[28],"diagnosing":[30],"faults.":[32,112],"existing":[34,67,121],"fault-diagnosis":[35],"approaches":[36],"were":[37],"based":[38],"on":[39,135],"physical":[40,88],"fault":[41,57,81,102,148,196],"data":[42,46,49,82,202],"like":[43],"mechanical":[44,93],"log":[45],"and":[47,76,110,123,154,191,242],"sensor":[48],"streams.":[50],"However,":[51],"there":[52],"are":[53,142],"other":[54,111],"types":[55,79],"data,":[58,149],"which":[59],"cannot":[60],"be":[61],"used":[62],"for":[63,83,144],"diagnosis":[64,131],"by":[65,132],"these":[66],"approaches.":[68],"This":[69],"paper":[70],"aims":[71],"fill":[73],"this":[74],"gap":[75],"consider":[77],"8":[78],"diagnosing,":[84],"at":[85],"least":[86],"including":[87,150,168],"installation":[89],"error":[90],"fault,":[91,94,97,100,106,109],"program":[96],"user":[98],"personal":[99],"signal":[101],"(offline),":[103],"pile":[104],"compatibility":[105],"platform":[108],"We":[113],"aim":[114],"find":[116],"out":[117],"how":[118],"combine":[120],"feature-extraction":[122],"machine":[124,165],"learning":[125,166],"techniques":[126],"make":[128],"better":[130],"conducting":[133],"experiments":[134],"realistic":[136],"dataset.":[137],"4":[138],"word":[139,160],"embedding":[140,161,224],"models":[141],"investigated":[143],"feature":[145],"extraction":[146],"N-gram,":[151],"GloVe,":[152],"Word2vec,":[153],"BERT.":[155],"Moreover,":[156],"we":[157,199,236],"classify":[158],"results":[162,216],"using":[163],"10":[164],"classifiers,":[167],"Random":[169],"Forest":[170],"(RF),":[171],"Support":[172],"Vector":[173],"Machine,":[174],"K-Nearest":[175],"Neighbor,":[176],"Multilayer":[177],"Perceptron,":[178],"Recurrent":[179],"Neural":[180],"Network,":[181],"AdaBoost,":[182],"Gradient":[183],"Boosted":[184],"Decision":[185,187],"Tree,":[186,188,190],"Extra":[189],"VOTE.":[192],"Compared":[193],"with":[194,230],"original":[195],"record":[197],"dataset,":[198],"utilize":[200],"paraphrasing-based":[201],"augmentation":[203],"method":[204],"improve":[206],"classification":[208],"accuracy":[209,229],"up":[210],"10.40%.":[212],"Our":[213],"extensive":[214],"experiment":[215],"reveal":[217],"that":[218],"RF":[219,241],"classifier":[220],"combining":[221],"GloVe":[223],"model":[225],"achieves":[226],"best":[228],"acceptable":[231],"training":[232],"time.":[233],"In":[234],"addition,":[235],"discuss":[237],"interpretability":[239],"GloVe.":[243]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}