{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3110696302","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42400-021-00089-3","title":"Quantum key recovery attack on SIMON32/64","display_name":"Quantum key recovery attack on SIMON32/64","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3110696302","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42400-021-00089-3","mag":"3110696302"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s42400-021-00089-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42400-021-00089-3","pdf_url":"https://cybersecurity.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s42400-021-00089-3","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035238565","display_name":"Cybersecurity","issn_l":"2523-3246","issn":["2523-3246"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cybersecurity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://cybersecurity.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s42400-021-00089-3","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100387644","display_name":"Hui Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1345-5736"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156404","display_name":"Institute of Information Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/04r53se39","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hui Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Security, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China","State Key Laboratory of Information Security, Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Security, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Information Security, Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156404","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100421251","display_name":"Yang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5260-5157"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156404","display_name":"Institute of Information Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/04r53se39","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Security, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China","State Key Laboratory of Information Security, Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Security, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Information Security, Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156404","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100387644"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210156404","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.01092642,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13182","display_name":"Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.991599977016449,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block-cipher","display_name":"Block cipher","score":0.6096228957176208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5969749689102173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-computer","display_name":"Quantum computer","score":0.5750213265419006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-algorithm","display_name":"Quantum algorithm","score":0.5584685802459717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.4640082120895386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/qubit","display_name":"Qubit","score":0.41093680262565613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum","display_name":"Quantum","score":0.38550207018852234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.3123825192451477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3109399676322937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.14986339211463928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.14660072326660156}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106544461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q543151","display_name":"Block cipher","level":3,"score":0.6096228957176208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5969749689102173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58053490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176555","display_name":"Quantum computer","level":3,"score":0.5750213265419006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137019171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2623817","display_name":"Quantum algorithm","level":3,"score":0.5584685802459717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.4640082120895386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203087015","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q378201","display_name":"Qubit","level":3,"score":0.41093680262565613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.38550207018852234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.3123825192451477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3109399676322937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.14986339211463928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.14660072326660156}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s42400-021-00089-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42400-021-00089-3","pdf_url":"https://cybersecurity.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s42400-021-00089-3","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035238565","display_name":"Cybersecurity","issn_l":"2523-3246","issn":["2523-3246"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cybersecurity","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"mag:3110696302","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2012.08321v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:803ae2b5cc5248fe9a54df9a6bd53ef9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/803ae2b5cc5248fe9a54df9a6bd53ef9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Cybersecurity, Vol 4, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s42400-021-00089-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42400-021-00089-3","pdf_url":"https://cybersecurity.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s42400-021-00089-3","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035238565","display_name":"Cybersecurity","issn_l":"2523-3246","issn":["2523-3246"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cybersecurity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1023919524","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":", Grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1948069149","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017010","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2398241526","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61672517","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3085993365","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"(Grant No.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3678364691","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Z191100007119006","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5219932531","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"201701","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5249178904","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant No. 6","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5797141846","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61732021","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5939423041","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Technology","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7108639861","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MMJJ20170108","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7726157001","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant No.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3110696302.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3110696302.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W232563436","https://openalex.org/W369300053","https://openalex.org/W1894646615","https://openalex.org/W1979130667","https://openalex.org/W1993653583","https://openalex.org/W2002372750","https://openalex.org/W2033216491","https://openalex.org/W2086590681","https://openalex.org/W2096050004","https://openalex.org/W2117584890","https://openalex.org/W2121981260","https://openalex.org/W2150528339","https://openalex.org/W2168676717","https://openalex.org/W2212436842","https://openalex.org/W2284942299","https://openalex.org/W2397410996","https://openalex.org/W2469958628","https://openalex.org/W2504919933","https://openalex.org/W2792654912","https://openalex.org/W2794578022","https://openalex.org/W2800132140","https://openalex.org/W2887386775","https://openalex.org/W2913535829","https://openalex.org/W2962811102","https://openalex.org/W2963351393","https://openalex.org/W2997945825","https://openalex.org/W3006740938","https://openalex.org/W3009304466","https://openalex.org/W3013100524","https://openalex.org/W3032199016","https://openalex.org/W3091366409","https://openalex.org/W3092242914","https://openalex.org/W3111303772","https://openalex.org/W3112195302","https://openalex.org/W4250498021"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2942732753","https://openalex.org/W3103117203","https://openalex.org/W2887582824","https://openalex.org/W3009304466","https://openalex.org/W2996869334","https://openalex.org/W2610068679","https://openalex.org/W2951744129","https://openalex.org/W3157416108","https://openalex.org/W3107254949","https://openalex.org/W3098702584","https://openalex.org/W2901065283","https://openalex.org/W2126822253","https://openalex.org/W1719933076","https://openalex.org/W2530024658","https://openalex.org/W2767998798","https://openalex.org/W3135982329","https://openalex.org/W1644669832","https://openalex.org/W3113779773","https://openalex.org/W2402608193","https://openalex.org/W2809313595"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1],"quantum":[2,17,27,32,48,67,71,119,154,165,172,176,183,191,207,214,224],"security":[3],"of":[4,70,131,146,156,174,206,213,223],"lightweight":[5,20],"block":[6,21],"ciphers":[7,22],"is":[8,96,180,198,218],"receiving":[9],"more":[10,12,82,220],"and":[11,84,93,140,161],"attention.":[13],"However,":[14],"the":[15,26,31,66,78,86,91,128,141,153,171,190,199,204,211],"existing":[16],"attacks":[18,33,209],"on":[19,25,52,74,123,194],"only":[23],"focused":[24],"exhaustive":[28,72,184],"search,":[29],"while":[30],"combined":[34],"with":[35],"classical":[36],"cryptanalysis":[37],"methods":[38],"haven\u2019t":[39],"been":[40],"well":[41],"studied.":[42],"In":[43],"this":[44,197],"paper,":[45],"we":[46,64,116,151],"study":[47,203],"key":[49,120,132,177],"recovery":[50,121,133,178],"attack":[51,122,134,179,193],"SIMON32/64":[53],"using":[54,104],"Quantum":[55],"Amplitude":[56],"Amplification":[57],"algorithm":[58],"in":[59,110],"Q1":[60],"model.":[61],"At":[62],"first,":[63],"reanalyze":[65],"circuit":[68,155,166,173,215],"complexity":[69,205],"search":[73],"SIMON32/64.":[75,125,195],"We":[76,126,168],"estimate":[77,162],"Clifford":[79],"gates":[80],"count":[81],"accurately":[83],"reduce":[85],"T":[87],"gate":[88],"count.":[89],"Also,":[90],"T-depth":[92],"full":[94],"depth":[95],"reduced":[97],"due":[98],"to":[99,202],"our":[100,114,118,175],"minor":[101],"modifications.":[102],"Then,":[103,150],"four":[105,147],"differentials":[106],"given":[107],"by":[108],"Biryukov":[109],"FSE":[111],"2014":[112],"as":[113,135],"distinguisher,":[115],"give":[117],"19-round":[124],"treat":[127],"two":[129,136,158],"phases":[130],"QAA":[137,143,159],"instances":[138,160],"separately,":[139],"first":[142,200],"instance":[144],"consists":[145],"sub-QAA":[148],"instances.":[149],"design":[152],"these":[157],"their":[163],"corresponding":[164],"complexity.":[167,227],"conclude":[169],"that":[170],"lower":[181],"than":[182],"search.":[185],"Our":[186],"work":[187,201],"firstly":[188],"studies":[189],"dedicated":[192,208,225],"And":[196],"from":[210],"perspective":[212],"complexity,":[216],"which":[217],"a":[219],"fine-grained":[221],"analysis":[222],"attacks\u2019":[226]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}