{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3200306713","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42162-021-00174-4","title":"Peak load minimization of an e-bus depot: impacts of user-set conditions in optimization algorithms","display_name":"Peak load minimization of an e-bus depot: impacts of user-set conditions in optimization algorithms","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3200306713","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42162-021-00174-4","mag":"3200306713"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s42162-021-00174-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42162-021-00174-4","pdf_url":"https://energyinformatics.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s42162-021-00174-4","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035173479","display_name":"Energy Informatics","issn_l":"2520-8942","issn":["2520-8942"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Energy Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","datacite","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://energyinformatics.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s42162-021-00174-4","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023557096","display_name":"Enrico Toniato","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6908-866X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Enrico Toniato","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Leonhardstrasse 21, LEE K, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Leonhardstrasse 21, LEE K, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060796754","display_name":"Prakhar Mehta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2321-0532"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Prakhar Mehta","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Business, Economics and Society, FAU Erlangen-Nuremberg, Lange Gasse 20, Nuremberg, 90403, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Business, Economics and Society, FAU Erlangen-Nuremberg, Lange Gasse 20, Nuremberg, 90403, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036796803","display_name":"Stevan Marinkovic","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stevan Marinkovic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hitachi ABB Power Grids, Bruggerstrasse 72, Baden, 5400, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hitachi ABB Power Grids, Bruggerstrasse 72, Baden, 5400, Switzerland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049274492","display_name":"Verena Tiefenbeck","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8827-5575"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Verena Tiefenbeck","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Management, Technology and Economics, ETH Zurich, Switzerland, Weinbergstrasse 56-58, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland","School of Business, Economics and Society, FAU Erlangen-Nuremberg, Lange Gasse 20, Nuremberg, 90403, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Management, Technology and Economics, ETH Zurich, Switzerland, Weinbergstrasse 56-58, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Business, Economics and Society, FAU Erlangen-Nuremberg, Lange Gasse 20, Nuremberg, 90403, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5060796754"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":790,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":969},"apc_paid":{"value":790,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":969},"fwci":0.6884,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69080187,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"S3","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10768","display_name":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10768","display_name":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10663","display_name":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11942","display_name":"Transportation and Mobility Innovations","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrification","display_name":"Electrification","score":0.5923299789428711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minification","display_name":"Minification","score":0.562066376209259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preemption","display_name":"Preemption","score":0.5564560890197754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/schedule","display_name":"Schedule","score":0.5445137619972229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5406332612037659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sizing","display_name":"Sizing","score":0.5234334468841553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.49790287017822266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.45580554008483887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.44538629055023193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","score":0.4317774474620819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity","display_name":"Electricity","score":0.3296595513820648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.26191455125808716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.14613434672355652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.12806060910224915}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778324724","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1076056","display_name":"Electrification","level":3,"score":0.5923299789428711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147764199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6865248","display_name":"Minification","level":2,"score":0.562066376209259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206952183","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1193100","display_name":"Preemption","level":2,"score":0.5564560890197754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68387754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7271585","display_name":"Schedule","level":2,"score":0.5445137619972229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5406332612037659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777767291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1080291","display_name":"Sizing","level":2,"score":0.5234334468841553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.49790287017822266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.45580554008483887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.44538629055023193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4317774474620819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206658404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12725","display_name":"Electricity","level":2,"score":0.3296595513820648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.26191455125808716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.14613434672355652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12806060910224915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s42162-021-00174-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42162-021-00174-4","pdf_url":"https://energyinformatics.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s42162-021-00174-4","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035173479","display_name":"Energy Informatics","issn_l":"2520-8942","issn":["2520-8942"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Energy Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.research-collection.ethz.ch:20.500.11850/505963","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/505963","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402302","display_name":"Repository for Publications and Research Data (ETH Zurich)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","host_organization_name":"ETH Zurich","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Energy Informatics, 4","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e15bee0a1da142dbb07c09a62a63660a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e15bee0a1da142dbb07c09a62a63660a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Energy Informatics, Vol 4, Iss S3, Pp 1-18 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"doi:10.3929/ethz-b-000505963","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000505963","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407051236","display_name":"ETH Z\u00fcrich Research Collection","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s42162-021-00174-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42162-021-00174-4","pdf_url":"https://energyinformatics.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s42162-021-00174-4","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3035173479","display_name":"Energy Informatics","issn_l":"2520-8942","issn":["2520-8942"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Energy Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.6299999952316284}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323803","display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Wirtschaft und Energie","ror":"https://ror.org/02vgg2808"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3200306713.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3200306713.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1493312012","https://openalex.org/W2007927860","https://openalex.org/W2029174125","https://openalex.org/W2042310653","https://openalex.org/W2043215380","https://openalex.org/W2044330658","https://openalex.org/W2047869659","https://openalex.org/W2053382990","https://openalex.org/W2073562378","https://openalex.org/W2088932195","https://openalex.org/W2133597699","https://openalex.org/W2135797872","https://openalex.org/W2317814600","https://openalex.org/W2345922086","https://openalex.org/W2546051038","https://openalex.org/W2554148912","https://openalex.org/W2738832468","https://openalex.org/W2758283679","https://openalex.org/W2767025931","https://openalex.org/W2794215075","https://openalex.org/W2887230354","https://openalex.org/W2904783412","https://openalex.org/W2911064742","https://openalex.org/W2942749449","https://openalex.org/W2963209855","https://openalex.org/W2963749764","https://openalex.org/W2964944706","https://openalex.org/W2966136380","https://openalex.org/W2976919543","https://openalex.org/W2990788382","https://openalex.org/W3025179839","https://openalex.org/W3114154283"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2375311683","https://openalex.org/W2366062860","https://openalex.org/W2373777250","https://openalex.org/W2353956655","https://openalex.org/W2020653254","https://openalex.org/W2010454064","https://openalex.org/W2352072014","https://openalex.org/W217279133","https://openalex.org/W2393487946","https://openalex.org/W2373310108"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1,99,135,159,205],"transport":[2],"sector":[3],"is":[4,32,141],"responsible":[5],"for":[6,118,209,214],"25%":[7],"of":[8,40,45,123,138,144,147,149],"global":[9],"CO":[10],"2":[11],"emissions.":[12],"To":[13],"reduce":[14,167],"emissions":[15],"in":[16,34,65],"the":[17,22,35,43,54,66,86,111,124,142,145,154,179,191,195,228],"EU,":[18],"a":[19,50,102],"shift":[20],"from":[21],"currently":[23],"745,000":[24],"operating":[25],"public":[26],"buses":[27,30],"to":[28,84,212],"electric":[29,56,96],"(EBs)":[31],"expected":[33],"coming":[36],"years.":[37],"Large-scale":[38],"deployments":[39],"EBs":[41],"and":[42,63,92,108,131,176,187],"electrification":[44],"bus":[46,97,103],"depots":[47],"will":[48],"have":[49,178,190],"considerable":[51],"impact":[52,146,181,193,201],"on":[53,110,114,153,172,182,194,202,233],"local":[55,67],"grid,":[57],"potentially":[58],"creating":[59],"network":[60],"congestion":[61],"problems":[62],"spikes":[64],"energy":[68],"load.":[69,158],"In":[70],"this":[71,139],"work,":[72],"we":[73],"implement":[74],"an":[75,95,199],"exact,":[76],"offline,":[77],"modular":[78],"multi-variable":[79],"mixed-integer":[80],"linear":[81],"optimization":[82,115,164],"algorithm":[83,100,165],"minimize":[85],"daily":[87],"power":[88],"load":[89,169],"profile":[90],"peak":[91,157,168,183,203],"optimally":[93,226],"plan":[94],"depot.":[98],"accepts":[101],"depot":[104],"schedule":[105],"as":[106],"input,":[107],"depending":[109],"user":[112],"input":[113,151],"conditions,":[116],"accounts":[117],"varying":[119,132],"time":[120,197],"granularity,":[121],"preemption":[122,186],"charging":[125,129],"phase,":[126],"vehicle-to-grid":[127],"(V2G)":[128],"capabilities":[130],"fleet":[133,188,216],"size.":[134],"primary":[136],"objective":[137],"work":[140],"analysis":[143],"each":[148],"these":[150],"conditions":[152],"resulting":[155],"minimized":[156,224],"results":[160,206],"show":[161],"that":[162],"our":[163],"can":[166,222],"by":[170,225,231],"83%":[171],"average.":[173],"Time":[174],"granularity":[175],"V2G":[177,237],"greatest":[180,192],"reduction,":[184],"whereas":[185],"splitting":[189],"computational":[196],"but":[198],"insignificant":[200],"reduction.":[204],"bear":[207],"relevance":[208],"mobility":[210],"planners":[211],"account":[213],"innovative":[215],"management":[217,235],"options.":[218,238],"Depot":[219],"infrastructure":[220,229],"costs":[221],"be":[223],"sizing":[227],"needs,":[230],"relying":[232],"split-fleet":[234],"or":[236]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-19T15:47:20.252518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}