{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2928398245","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41039-019-0098-z","title":"Using reflections and questioning to engage and challenge online graduate learners in education","display_name":"Using reflections and questioning to engage and challenge online graduate learners in education","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-02-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2928398245","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41039-019-0098-z","mag":"2928398245"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s41039-019-0098-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41039-019-0098-z","pdf_url":"https://telrp.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s41039-019-0098-z","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S119620556","display_name":"Research and Practice in Technology Enhanced Learning","issn_l":"1793-2068","issn":["1793-2068","1793-7078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Research and Practice in Technology Enhanced Learning","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://telrp.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s41039-019-0098-z","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100389403","display_name":"Yuliang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8172-116X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87547150","display_name":"Southern Illinois University Edwardsville","ror":"https://ror.org/04cqs5j56","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801502357","https://openalex.org/I87547150"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yuliang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instructional Technology, Department of Educational Leadership, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, IL, 62026, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instructional Technology, Department of Educational Leadership, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, IL, 62026, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87547150"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100389403"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87547150"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":18.2727,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":47,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99230871,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10162","display_name":"Online and Blended Learning","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10162","display_name":"Online and Blended Learning","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11715","display_name":"Education and Critical Thinking Development","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12500","display_name":"Reflective Practices in Education","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blackboard","display_name":"Blackboard (design pattern)","score":0.7103983759880066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-discussion","display_name":"Online discussion","score":0.514458417892456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asynchronous-communication","display_name":"Asynchronous communication","score":0.4963381886482239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reflection","display_name":"Reflection (computer programming)","score":0.49384742975234985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education","display_name":"Mathematics education","score":0.4807300567626953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graduate-students","display_name":"Graduate students","score":0.48045772314071655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.4754883050918579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.4671216607093811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/qualitative-research","display_name":"Qualitative research","score":0.45855066180229187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedagogy","display_name":"Pedagogy","score":0.45057278871536255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/action-research","display_name":"Action research","score":0.4412953555583954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/socratic-questioning","display_name":"Socratic questioning","score":0.4268296957015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.33651992678642273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/socratic-method","display_name":"Socratic method","score":0.28146886825561523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.18909534811973572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.10234227776527405}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778308757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23601418","display_name":"Blackboard (design pattern)","level":2,"score":0.7103983759880066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780656832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q796573","display_name":"Online discussion","level":2,"score":0.514458417892456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151319957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752739","display_name":"Asynchronous communication","level":2,"score":0.4963381886482239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65682993","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1056451","display_name":"Reflection (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.49384742975234985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.4807300567626953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020528894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20820271","display_name":"Graduate students","level":2,"score":0.48045772314071655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4754883050918579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4671216607093811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190248442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486","display_name":"Qualitative research","level":2,"score":0.45855066180229187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.45057278871536255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53173841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1897444","display_name":"Action research","level":2,"score":0.4412953555583954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174594037","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4926165","display_name":"Socratic questioning","level":3,"score":0.4268296957015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.33651992678642273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2801541","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839475","display_name":"Socratic method","level":2,"score":0.28146886825561523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.18909534811973572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.10234227776527405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s41039-019-0098-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41039-019-0098-z","pdf_url":"https://telrp.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s41039-019-0098-z","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S119620556","display_name":"Research and Practice in Technology Enhanced Learning","issn_l":"1793-2068","issn":["1793-2068","1793-7078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Research and Practice in Technology Enhanced Learning","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8a9ed72d9df34635a6c0ff6d8852767f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8a9ed72d9df34635a6c0ff6d8852767f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research and Practice in Technology Enhanced Learning, Vol 14, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s41039-019-0098-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41039-019-0098-z","pdf_url":"https://telrp.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s41039-019-0098-z","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S119620556","display_name":"Research and Practice in Technology Enhanced Learning","issn_l":"1793-2068","issn":["1793-2068","1793-7078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Research and Practice in Technology Enhanced Learning","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7900000214576721,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2928398245.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2928398245.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W40907839","https://openalex.org/W177986179","https://openalex.org/W242942174","https://openalex.org/W1790481654","https://openalex.org/W1968383752","https://openalex.org/W1994427719","https://openalex.org/W1994555413","https://openalex.org/W1995295846","https://openalex.org/W2004770257","https://openalex.org/W2014858765","https://openalex.org/W2016529530","https://openalex.org/W2021074128","https://openalex.org/W2027438601","https://openalex.org/W2036948579","https://openalex.org/W2043399184","https://openalex.org/W2048431936","https://openalex.org/W2056082233","https://openalex.org/W2077296585","https://openalex.org/W2079051792","https://openalex.org/W2079317063","https://openalex.org/W2092006169","https://openalex.org/W2093487900","https://openalex.org/W2118652391","https://openalex.org/W2120652433","https://openalex.org/W2143239135","https://openalex.org/W2154437288","https://openalex.org/W2156733589","https://openalex.org/W2259619677","https://openalex.org/W2488768449","https://openalex.org/W2590763332","https://openalex.org/W2737774521","https://openalex.org/W2792548521","https://openalex.org/W2891718707","https://openalex.org/W4233634561","https://openalex.org/W6675842630"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2355948669","https://openalex.org/W2031419940","https://openalex.org/W2382214431","https://openalex.org/W588500104","https://openalex.org/W2259703587","https://openalex.org/W2023240058","https://openalex.org/W2790961416","https://openalex.org/W2766400712","https://openalex.org/W2091739033","https://openalex.org/W2070602453"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,95],"paper":[1],"reports":[2],"an":[3,25],"action":[4],"research":[5],"that":[6,131],"aimed":[7],"to":[8,52,92,106],"examine":[9],"how":[10],"the":[11,35,40,45,57,70,79,85,107,118,132,135,152,157],"author\u2019s":[12],"weekly":[13],"use":[14,133],"of":[15,124,134],"reflection":[16,66,136],"and":[17,73,88,109,114,116,127,137,144],"questioning":[18,138],"instructional":[19,59],"methods":[20,139],"affected":[21],"learners\u2019":[22,63,89,110],"learning":[23],"in":[24,34,48,142],"online":[26,42,58,146],"graduate":[27,147],"class":[28],"at":[29],"a":[30,101],"midwestern":[31],"public":[32],"university":[33],"USA.":[36],"The":[37,122],"author":[38],"employed":[39],"asynchronous":[41],"discussion":[43,46],"on":[44,69,84],"board":[47],"Blackboard":[49],"for":[50],"learners":[51,104],"complete":[53],"course":[54],"assignments.":[55],"Specifically,":[56],"approach":[60],"started":[61],"with":[62],"initial":[64],"written":[65,90],"posts":[67],"based":[68,83],"assigned":[71],"readings":[72],"personal":[74],"experience,":[75],"then":[76],"followed":[77],"by":[78],"instructor\u2019s":[80,108,119],"challenging":[81,145],"questions":[82,111],"Socratic":[86],"method":[87,96],"responses":[91],"those":[93],"questions.":[94],"included":[97],"discipline-specific":[98],"questioning,":[99],"creating":[100],"community":[102],"where":[103],"replied":[105],"through":[112],"modelling":[113],"facilitation,":[115],"promoting":[117],"thinking-encouraging":[120],"approach.":[121],"results":[123],"both":[125],"quantitative":[126],"qualitative":[128],"data":[129],"indicated":[130],"was":[140],"effective":[141],"engaging":[143],"learners.":[148],"International":[149],"implications":[150],"across":[151],"discipline":[153],"will":[154],"result":[155],"from":[156],"study.":[158]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}