{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408477179","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40708-025-00254-1","title":"Localization of epileptic foci from intracranial EEG using the GRU-GC algorithm","display_name":"Localization of epileptic foci from intracranial EEG using the GRU-GC algorithm","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408477179","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40708-025-00254-1","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40088340"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s40708-025-00254-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40708-025-00254-1","pdf_url":"https://braininformatics.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40708-025-00254-1","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2498492389","display_name":"Brain Informatics","issn_l":"2198-4018","issn":["2198-4018","2198-4026"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Brain Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://braininformatics.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40708-025-00254-1","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104077909","display_name":"Xiaojia Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132399","display_name":"Wuxi Vocational Institute of Commerce","ror":"https://ror.org/03bdrtb23","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132399"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387152958","display_name":"Wuxi Vocational College of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00y0p0f23","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387152958"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiaojia Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wuxi Vocational College of Science and Technology, Wuxi, 214028, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wuxi Vocational College of Science and Technology, Wuxi, 214028, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132399","https://openalex.org/I4387152958"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090298572","display_name":"Dongqing Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4975-6178"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dayang Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107335318","display_name":"Chunfeng Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4610-2304"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunfeng Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China. chunfeng.yang@seu.edu.cn","School of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China. chunfeng.yang@seu.edu.cn","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5104077909"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132399","https://openalex.org/I4387152958"],"apc_list":{"value":790,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":969},"apc_paid":{"value":790,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":969},"fwci":4.4817,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93458273,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"1","first_page":"6","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10241","display_name":"Functional Brain Connectivity Studies","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10378","display_name":"Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications","score":0.9902999997138977,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroencephalography","display_name":"Electroencephalography","score":0.5487594604492188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epilepsy","display_name":"Epilepsy","score":0.5341400504112244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4049341082572937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.375641405582428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3446263074874878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.27422988414764404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.23297786712646484}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.5487594604492188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778186239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41571","display_name":"Epilepsy","level":2,"score":0.5341400504112244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4049341082572937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.375641405582428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3446263074874878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.27422988414764404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.23297786712646484}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s40708-025-00254-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40708-025-00254-1","pdf_url":"https://braininformatics.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40708-025-00254-1","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2498492389","display_name":"Brain Informatics","issn_l":"2198-4018","issn":["2198-4018","2198-4026"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Brain Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:40088340","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40088340","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Brain informatics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3489f4f6619946e0933f85a591f5d601","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3489f4f6619946e0933f85a591f5d601","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Brain Informatics, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 1-14 (2025)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:10726291","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11910482","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s40708-025-00254-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40708-025-00254-1","pdf_url":"https://braininformatics.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40708-025-00254-1","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2498492389","display_name":"Brain Informatics","issn_l":"2198-4018","issn":["2198-4018","2198-4026"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Brain Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4099999964237213,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6671365998","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"31400842","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4408477179.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1984211254","https://openalex.org/W2037023201","https://openalex.org/W2057653135","https://openalex.org/W2113762408","https://openalex.org/W2792370201","https://openalex.org/W2792435683","https://openalex.org/W2805957063","https://openalex.org/W2894565947","https://openalex.org/W2899125647","https://openalex.org/W2902403458","https://openalex.org/W2909540386","https://openalex.org/W2955852632","https://openalex.org/W2996250491","https://openalex.org/W3024761859","https://openalex.org/W3035511928","https://openalex.org/W3130217508","https://openalex.org/W3165701068","https://openalex.org/W3203543114","https://openalex.org/W4206588010","https://openalex.org/W4302373292","https://openalex.org/W4308980546","https://openalex.org/W4310062877","https://openalex.org/W4311596342","https://openalex.org/W4313530656","https://openalex.org/W4362614175","https://openalex.org/W4364352005","https://openalex.org/W4384028920","https://openalex.org/W4384820866","https://openalex.org/W4388487371"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2051487156","https://openalex.org/W2395385109","https://openalex.org/W2073681303","https://openalex.org/W2773633178","https://openalex.org/W2080101436","https://openalex.org/W2802335767","https://openalex.org/W2922348724"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Epilepsy":[0],"is":[1,10,62,177],"one":[2],"of":[3,15,20,45,59,89,92,104],"the":[4,46,55,60,65,74,90,102,135,159],"most":[5,156],"common":[6],"clinical":[7],"diseases,":[8],"which":[9],"caused":[11],"by":[12,32],"abnormal":[13],"discharge":[14],"brain":[16,94],"nerves.":[17],"Around":[18],"30%":[19],"patients":[21],"will":[22],"develop":[23],"drug-resistant":[24],"epilepsy":[25,187],"that":[26,152,174],"are":[27,39,155],"hard":[28],"to":[29,57,63,120,142,167],"be":[30],"cured":[31],"anti-epileptic":[33],"drug":[34],"treatment.":[35],"This":[36],"patient":[37],"cohort":[38],"ideal":[40],"candidate":[41],"for":[42,85,184],"surgical":[43,108],"resection":[44],"epileptic":[47,145],"focus.":[48],"For":[49],"safety":[50],"and":[51,68,96,107,126,147],"maximum":[52],"effective":[53,122,181],"rate,":[54],"key":[56],"success":[58],"operation":[61],"identify":[64],"focus":[66],"area":[67,71],"normal":[69],"functional":[70],"accurately":[72],"in":[73,179],"preoperative":[75,186],"evaluation":[76],"stage.":[77],"Intracranial":[78],"EEG":[79],"(iEEG)":[80],"has":[81],"attracted":[82],"much":[83],"attention":[84],"its":[86,97],"precise":[87],"capture":[88],"state":[91],"rapid":[93],"activity":[95],"strong":[98],"locality.":[99],"To":[100],"automate":[101],"process":[103],"iEEG":[105],"inspection":[106],"evaluation,":[109],"this":[110,171],"paper":[111],"propose":[112],"a":[113,128],"Gated":[114],"Recurrent":[115],"Unit-Granger":[116],"Causality":[117],"(GRU-GC)":[118],"algorithm":[119,176],"detect":[121],"connectivity":[123],"between":[124,144],"channels":[125],"construct":[127],"directed":[129],"graph.":[130],"From":[131],"six":[132],"local":[133],"features,":[134],"top":[136],"five":[137],"feature":[138],"combinations":[139],"were":[140],"selected":[141],"differentiate":[143],"foci":[146],"non-epileptic":[148],"regions.":[149],"Experiments":[150],"indicate":[151],"these":[153],"features":[154],"discriminative":[157],"during":[158],"ictal":[160],"phase,":[161],"yielding":[162],"superior":[163],"classification":[164],"accuracy.":[165],"Compared":[166],"traditional":[168],"time-series-based":[169],"methods,":[170],"study":[172],"shows":[173],"GRU-GC":[175],"efficient":[178],"building":[180],"graph":[182],"model":[183],"improving":[185],"evaluations.":[188]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
