{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413895436","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40561-025-00394-1","title":"Unveiling the reasons behind learners\u2019 dropout from educational platforms: analyzing sentiment intensity throughout texts","display_name":"Unveiling the reasons behind learners\u2019 dropout from educational platforms: analyzing sentiment intensity throughout texts","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413895436","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40561-025-00394-1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s40561-025-00394-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40561-025-00394-1","pdf_url":"https://slejournal.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40561-025-00394-1","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2494786546","display_name":"Smart Learning Environments","issn_l":"2196-7091","issn":["2196-7091"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Smart Learning Environments","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://slejournal.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40561-025-00394-1","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078699177","display_name":"Khalid Benabbes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9793-2581"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3121676899","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Ibn-Tofail","ror":"https://ror.org/02wj89n04","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3121676899"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153608","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Moulay Ismail de Meknes","ror":"https://ror.org/04cnscd67","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153608"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khalid Benabbes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Sciences, Ecole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure, Moulay Ismail University, Mekn\u00e8s, Morocco","LARI Laboratory, MISC Team, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, K\u00e9nitra, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9793-2581","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Sciences, Ecole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure, Moulay Ismail University, Mekn\u00e8s, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153608"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"LARI Laboratory, MISC Team, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, K\u00e9nitra, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3121676899"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003447228","display_name":"Mustapha Na\u00efmi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8395-1431"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210157616","display_name":"Institut Agronomique et V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire Hassan II","ror":"https://ror.org/05f8qcz72","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210157616"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mustapha Naimi","raw_affiliation_strings":["ISWC Laboratory, Hassan II Institute of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, Rabat, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ISWC Laboratory, Hassan II Institute of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, Rabat, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210157616"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053042923","display_name":"Brahim Hmedna","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6096-7542"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088687","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Ibn Zohr","ror":"https://ror.org/006sgpv47","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088687"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brahim Hmedna","raw_affiliation_strings":["IMIS Laboratory, University of Ibn Zohr, Agadir, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IMIS Laboratory, University of Ibn Zohr, Agadir, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088687"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088467908","display_name":"Khalid Housni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3406-2053"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3121676899","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Ibn-Tofail","ror":"https://ror.org/02wj89n04","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3121676899"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khalid Housni","raw_affiliation_strings":["LARI Laboratory, MISC Team, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, K\u00e9nitra, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LARI Laboratory, MISC Team, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, K\u00e9nitra, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3121676899"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005461040","display_name":"Ahmed Zellou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4688-912X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126477371","display_name":"Mohammed V University","ror":"https://ror.org/00r8w8f84","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126477371"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed Zellou","raw_affiliation_strings":["SPM Research Team, ENSIAS, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SPM Research Team, ENSIAS, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126477371"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012018808","display_name":"Ali El Mezouary","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9746-3221"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088687","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Ibn Zohr","ror":"https://ror.org/006sgpv47","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088687"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali El Mezouary","raw_affiliation_strings":["IRF-SIC Laboratory, EST, University of Ibn Zohr, Agadir, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IRF-SIC Laboratory, EST, University of Ibn Zohr, Agadir, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088687"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.23180745,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13083","display_name":"Advanced Text Analysis Techniques","score":0.9803000092506409,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10664","display_name":"Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining","score":0.9721999764442444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dropout","display_name":"Dropout (neural networks)","score":0.8884781002998352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentiment-analysis","display_name":"Sentiment analysis","score":0.5296128988265991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4540089964866638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.32419300079345703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3239617347717285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.15271693468093872}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776145597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25339462","display_name":"Dropout (neural networks)","level":2,"score":0.8884781002998352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66402592","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271421","display_name":"Sentiment analysis","level":2,"score":0.5296128988265991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4540089964866638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.32419300079345703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3239617347717285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.15271693468093872}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s40561-025-00394-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40561-025-00394-1","pdf_url":"https://slejournal.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40561-025-00394-1","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2494786546","display_name":"Smart Learning Environments","issn_l":"2196-7091","issn":["2196-7091"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Smart Learning Environments","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b3b7e516f01d48c6bcf6586c1bc940e9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b3b7e516f01d48c6bcf6586c1bc940e9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Smart Learning Environments, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 1-31 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s40561-025-00394-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40561-025-00394-1","pdf_url":"https://slejournal.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40561-025-00394-1","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2494786546","display_name":"Smart Learning Environments","issn_l":"2196-7091","issn":["2196-7091"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Smart Learning Environments","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4413895436.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4413895436.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":74,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W575847903","https://openalex.org/W2141540383","https://openalex.org/W2154290876","https://openalex.org/W2250539671","https://openalex.org/W2530443992","https://openalex.org/W2533667621","https://openalex.org/W2746802549","https://openalex.org/W2791021147","https://openalex.org/W2810782612","https://openalex.org/W2912278761","https://openalex.org/W2941799245","https://openalex.org/W2945587956","https://openalex.org/W2949547296","https://openalex.org/W2950158579","https://openalex.org/W2950860539","https://openalex.org/W2953049129","https://openalex.org/W2953726099","https://openalex.org/W2965287465","https://openalex.org/W2976895217","https://openalex.org/W2979909647","https://openalex.org/W2985244827","https://openalex.org/W3003250939","https://openalex.org/W3007075806","https://openalex.org/W3011570378","https://openalex.org/W3030236015","https://openalex.org/W3032735579","https://openalex.org/W3089411723","https://openalex.org/W3089867263","https://openalex.org/W3093835996","https://openalex.org/W3097968346","https://openalex.org/W3102944297","https://openalex.org/W3109445814","https://openalex.org/W3117682495","https://openalex.org/W3125294517","https://openalex.org/W3125631070","https://openalex.org/W3141740147","https://openalex.org/W3159222552","https://openalex.org/W3163841364","https://openalex.org/W3167958315","https://openalex.org/W3176748850","https://openalex.org/W3181096080","https://openalex.org/W3183048323","https://openalex.org/W3196028473","https://openalex.org/W3198206641","https://openalex.org/W3199101385","https://openalex.org/W3206310679","https://openalex.org/W3210027319","https://openalex.org/W3213316413","https://openalex.org/W3215237500","https://openalex.org/W3217756247","https://openalex.org/W4200608635","https://openalex.org/W4200621022","https://openalex.org/W4205839168","https://openalex.org/W4210464152","https://openalex.org/W4210827551","https://openalex.org/W4220749970","https://openalex.org/W4220957923","https://openalex.org/W4283073373","https://openalex.org/W4283764816","https://openalex.org/W4287728300","https://openalex.org/W4290647841","https://openalex.org/W4297782913","https://openalex.org/W4306846220","https://openalex.org/W4312750750","https://openalex.org/W4320009341","https://openalex.org/W4321497407","https://openalex.org/W4364378241","https://openalex.org/W4377140245","https://openalex.org/W4378907299","https://openalex.org/W4381337557","https://openalex.org/W4382313332","https://openalex.org/W4383751898","https://openalex.org/W4385634280","https://openalex.org/W4392047389"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W3082178636","https://openalex.org/W4412335227","https://openalex.org/W2185578297","https://openalex.org/W2782041652","https://openalex.org/W2548633793","https://openalex.org/W3013279174","https://openalex.org/W3204019825"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Identifying":[1],"learners\u2019":[2],"emotions":[3],"in":[4,87,141,211,223],"real-time":[5],"yields":[6],"significant":[7],"benefits,":[8],"allowing":[9],"teachers":[10],"to":[11,49,78,138],"better":[12],"understand":[13],"learning":[14,34],"behavior":[15],"and":[16,22,29,73,100,117,135,157,166,187,214],"tackle":[17],"obstacles,":[18],"such":[19,152,161],"as":[20,153,162],"confusion":[21],"boredom,":[23],"which":[24],"can":[25],"affect":[26],"learner":[27],"engagement":[28],"performance.":[30],"E-learning":[31],"platforms":[32],"facilitate":[33],"acquisition":[35],"by":[36,58],"taking":[37],"advantage":[38],"of":[39,182,200],"behavioral":[40],"data":[41],"collected":[42],"through":[43],"collaborative":[44,118],"tools.":[45],"This":[46,65,144,194],"study":[47,122],"aimed":[48],"discern":[50],"users\u2019":[51],"emotions,":[52],"whether":[53],"positive,":[54],"negative,":[55],"or":[56],"neutral,":[57],"analyzing":[59],"their":[60],"feedback":[61],"on":[62,110,128],"online":[63],"courses.":[64],"approach":[66,126],"is":[67],"pivotal":[68],"for":[69,74,184,189],"predicting":[70],"dropout":[71,217],"risk":[72],"tailoring":[75],"educational":[76,225],"content":[77],"identify":[79],"emotions.":[80],"However,":[81],"extracting":[82,95],"sentiments":[83,96,209],"from":[84,97,114],"feedback,":[85],"particularly":[86],"longer":[88],"texts,":[89,99],"presents":[90],"a":[91,124,129,204],"greater":[92],"challenge":[93],"than":[94],"shorter":[98],"requires":[101],"more":[102],"nuanced":[103],"analysis.":[104,143],"While":[105],"existing":[106],"models":[107,151],"often":[108],"focus":[109],"short":[111,190],"texts":[112,186,191],"derived":[113],"social":[115],"media":[116],"e-learning":[119,216],"platforms,":[120],"our":[121,173,201],"introduces":[123],"novel":[125],"based":[127],"Bayesian":[130],"model":[131,174],"that":[132,172],"merges":[133],"CNN":[134],"BiLSTM":[136],"architectures":[137],"estimate":[139],"uncertainty":[140],"sentiment":[142],"technique":[145],"was":[146],"compared":[147],"with":[148,192],"other":[149,177],"non-Bayesian":[150],"BiGRU,":[154],"BiLSTM,":[155],"CNN,":[156],"CNN-BiLSTM,":[158],"incorporating":[159],"embeddings":[160],"BERT,":[163],"GloVe,":[164],"Word2Vec,":[165],"FastText.":[167,193],"The":[168],"experimental":[169],"findings":[170],"revealed":[171],"outperformed":[175],"the":[176,198,208,212,215,224],"models,":[178],"achieving":[179],"an":[180],"accuracy":[181],"97.12%":[183],"long":[185],"96.53%":[188],"high":[195],"performance":[196],"validates":[197],"effectiveness":[199],"approach,":[202],"showing":[203],"strong":[205],"correlation":[206],"between":[207],"expressed":[210],"forums":[213],"rate,":[218],"underlining":[219],"its":[220],"strategic":[221],"importance":[222],"field.":[226]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
