{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2997371405","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40561-019-0113-2","title":"Accessibility within open educational resources and practices for disabled learners: a systematic literature review","display_name":"Accessibility within open educational resources and practices for disabled learners: a systematic literature review","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2997371405","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40561-019-0113-2","mag":"2997371405"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s40561-019-0113-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40561-019-0113-2","pdf_url":"https://slejournal.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s40561-019-0113-2","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2494786546","display_name":"Smart Learning Environments","issn_l":"2196-7091","issn":["2196-7091"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Smart Learning Environments","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://slejournal.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s40561-019-0113-2","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031731872","display_name":"Xiangling Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiangling Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Smart Learning Institute of Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Smart Learning Institute of Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067317041","display_name":"Ahmed Tlili","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1449-7751"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed Tlili","raw_affiliation_strings":["Smart Learning Institute of Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Smart Learning Institute of Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005515865","display_name":"Fabio Nascimbeni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2269-9989"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116615","display_name":"Universidad Internacional De La Rioja","ror":"https://ror.org/029gnnp81","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116615"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fabio Nascimbeni","raw_affiliation_strings":["UNIR iTED, Universidad Internacional de La Rioja (UNIR), Logro\u00f1o, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UNIR iTED, Universidad Internacional de La Rioja (UNIR), Logro\u00f1o, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116615"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047213931","display_name":"Daniel Burgos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0498-1101"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116615","display_name":"Universidad Internacional De La Rioja","ror":"https://ror.org/029gnnp81","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116615"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Burgos","raw_affiliation_strings":["UNIR iTED, Universidad Internacional de La Rioja (UNIR), Logro\u00f1o, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UNIR iTED, Universidad Internacional de La Rioja (UNIR), Logro\u00f1o, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116615"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044650487","display_name":"Ronghuai Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4651-5248"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ronghuai Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Smart Learning Institute of Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Smart Learning Institute of Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044282589","display_name":"Ting\u2010Wen Chang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5782-1083"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ting-Wen Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Smart Learning Institute of Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Smart Learning Institute of Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062847316","display_name":"Mohamed Jemni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8841-5224"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801444599","display_name":"Arab League Educational, Cultural and Scientific Organization","ror":"https://ror.org/054n9aa03","country_code":"TN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801444599"]}],"countries":["TN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Jemni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Arab League Educational, Cultural and Scientific Organization, Tunis, Tunisia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Arab League Educational, Cultural and Scientific Organization, Tunis, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801444599"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029631287","display_name":"Mohamed Kouthea\u00efr Khribi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0901-0267"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108714496","display_name":"Tunis University","ror":"https://ror.org/02q1spa57","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108714496"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131288","display_name":"National Engineering School of Tunis","ror":"https://ror.org/03b1zjt31","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131288","https://openalex.org/I63596082"]}],"countries":["TN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Koutheair Khribi","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Higher Engineering School of Tunis, University of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Higher Engineering School of Tunis, University of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131288","https://openalex.org/I108714496"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5031731872"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":30.5652,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":153,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99806787,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12481","display_name":"Digital Accessibility for Disabilities","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3307","display_name":"Human Factors and Ergonomics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12481","display_name":"Digital Accessibility for Disabilities","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3307","display_name":"Human Factors and Ergonomics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12171","display_name":"Open Education and E-Learning","score":0.9470000267028809,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14246","display_name":"E-Learning and Knowledge Management","score":0.923799991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-educational-resources","display_name":"Open educational resources","score":0.878163754940033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5850761532783508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diversity","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","score":0.5794963836669922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inclusion","display_name":"Inclusion (mineral)","score":0.488603413105011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/assistive-technology","display_name":"Assistive technology","score":0.4563778340816498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.44995808601379395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-accessibility","display_name":"Web accessibility","score":0.4255502223968506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.2573055624961853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.16702741384506226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.1408177614212036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.13649892807006836}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778526452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q116781","display_name":"Open educational resources","level":2,"score":0.878163754940033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5850761532783508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781316041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230584","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","level":2,"score":0.5794963836669922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109359841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q728944","display_name":"Inclusion (mineral)","level":2,"score":0.488603413105011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017715821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q688498","display_name":"Assistive technology","level":2,"score":0.4563778340816498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.44995808601379395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194669863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808932","display_name":"Web accessibility","level":4,"score":0.4255502223968506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.2573055624961853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.16702741384506226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.1408177614212036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.13649892807006836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21959979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36774","display_name":"Web page","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182321512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1153289","display_name":"Web standards","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s40561-019-0113-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40561-019-0113-2","pdf_url":"https://slejournal.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s40561-019-0113-2","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2494786546","display_name":"Smart Learning Environments","issn_l":"2196-7091","issn":["2196-7091"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Smart Learning Environments","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:aa7494e774814439931a89ac29f2720b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/aa7494e774814439931a89ac29f2720b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Smart Learning Environments, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-19 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:reunir.unir.net:123456789/10385","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://reunir.unir.net/handle/123456789/10385","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400329","display_name":"Re-Unir (International University of La Rioja)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Articulo Revista Indexada"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s40561-019-0113-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40561-019-0113-2","pdf_url":"https://slejournal.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s40561-019-0113-2","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2494786546","display_name":"Smart Learning Environments","issn_l":"2196-7091","issn":["2196-7091"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Smart Learning Environments","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.5199999809265137,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2997371405.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2997371405.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W37217604","https://openalex.org/W1519189148","https://openalex.org/W1539987097","https://openalex.org/W1570404651","https://openalex.org/W1607701139","https://openalex.org/W1911636549","https://openalex.org/W1921109063","https://openalex.org/W1946292474","https://openalex.org/W1973399899","https://openalex.org/W1977999986","https://openalex.org/W1985706759","https://openalex.org/W1991434668","https://openalex.org/W2031353134","https://openalex.org/W2038539934","https://openalex.org/W2069587534","https://openalex.org/W2078517176","https://openalex.org/W2088468221","https://openalex.org/W2098634027","https://openalex.org/W2238643816","https://openalex.org/W2241000792","https://openalex.org/W2242147633","https://openalex.org/W2248056354","https://openalex.org/W2255676802","https://openalex.org/W2291000906","https://openalex.org/W2297511955","https://openalex.org/W2330559469","https://openalex.org/W2335958152","https://openalex.org/W2336188181","https://openalex.org/W2410965226","https://openalex.org/W2498165726","https://openalex.org/W2498334364","https://openalex.org/W2498456098","https://openalex.org/W2548091024","https://openalex.org/W2551568575","https://openalex.org/W2563387734","https://openalex.org/W2573847579","https://openalex.org/W2586260385","https://openalex.org/W2592358397","https://openalex.org/W2594027799","https://openalex.org/W2607008478","https://openalex.org/W2753634400","https://openalex.org/W2798098945","https://openalex.org/W2887234169","https://openalex.org/W2888436012","https://openalex.org/W2951504485","https://openalex.org/W2953983374","https://openalex.org/W2954460532","https://openalex.org/W2971862616","https://openalex.org/W4292003697","https://openalex.org/W4361016261","https://openalex.org/W6644609481","https://openalex.org/W7008495337"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3185163327","https://openalex.org/W3045822873","https://openalex.org/W4308077397","https://openalex.org/W1522055934","https://openalex.org/W2997729144","https://openalex.org/W2189264121","https://openalex.org/W4390315886","https://openalex.org/W2945960104","https://openalex.org/W4285301380","https://openalex.org/W4281645623"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1,89,137],"number":[2],"of":[3,27,33,53,72,102],"disabled":[4,28,73],"students":[5,29,76,214],"is":[6,143],"rapidly":[7],"increasing":[8],"worldwide,":[9],"but":[10],"many":[11],"schools":[12],"and":[13,41,55,65,74,83,106,135,150,166,207],"universities":[14],"have":[15,58,176],"failed":[16],"to":[17,61,67,79,93,110,127,182,191,202],"keep":[18],"up":[19],"with":[20,215],"their":[21,81],"learning":[22],"needs.":[23],"Consequently,":[24],"large":[25],"numbers":[26],"are":[30],"dropping":[31],"out":[32],"school":[34],"or":[35],"university.":[36],"Open":[37,42],"Educational":[38,43],"Resources":[39],"(OER)":[40],"Practices":[44],"(OEP)":[45],"contain":[46],"several":[47,174,179,200],"relevant":[48],"features,":[49],"including":[50],"the":[51,70,158],"possibility":[52],"reusing":[54],"remixing,":[56],"which":[57],"led":[59],"researchers":[60,112,152,175],"consider":[62],"using":[63,194],"OER":[64,105,134,149,206,212],"OEP":[66,107],"facilitate":[68],"meeting":[69],"needs":[71],"functional-diverse":[75],"in":[77,86,108,113,117,145],"order":[78,109],"increase":[80,203],"accessibility":[82,103,142,160,183,204],"e-inclusion":[84],"capabilities":[85],"educational":[87],"settings.":[88],"very":[90],"limited":[91,99,186],"research":[92],"date,":[94],"however,":[95],"has":[96,188],"provided":[97],"a":[98],"holistic":[100],"understanding":[101],"within":[104,133,148,184,205],"aid":[111],"pursuing":[114],"future":[115],"directions":[116],"this":[118,121,197],"field.":[119],"Therefore,":[120],"paper":[122,198],"systematically":[123],"reviewed":[124],"31":[125],"papers":[126],"provide":[128],"insights":[129],"about":[130],"functional":[131,216],"diversity":[132],"OEP.":[136],"results":[138],"obtained":[139],"highlighted":[140],"that":[141,151],"still":[144],"its":[146],"infancy":[147],"should":[153],"focus":[154,187],"more":[155,210],"on":[156,178],"considering":[157],"four":[159],"principles":[161],"\u2014":[162,168],"perceivable,":[163],"operable,":[164],"understandable":[165],"robust":[167],"when":[169],"providing":[170],"OER.":[171,195],"Additionally,":[172],"while":[173],"focused":[177],"issues":[180],"related":[181],"OER,":[185],"been":[189],"given":[190],"assistive":[192],"technologies":[193],"Finally,":[196],"provides":[199],"recommendations":[201],"help":[208],"design":[209],"accessible":[211],"for":[213],"diversity.":[217]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":36},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":13}],"updated_date":"2026-06-18T10:00:31.954636","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
