{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415847834","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40537-025-01286-4","title":"Emergency hospital selection in Peshawar using fractional Diophantine neural network for risky decision-making","display_name":"Emergency hospital selection in Peshawar using fractional Diophantine neural network for risky decision-making","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415847834","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40537-025-01286-4"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s40537-025-01286-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40537-025-01286-4","pdf_url":"https://journalofbigdata.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40537-025-01286-4","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737955091","display_name":"Journal Of Big Data","issn_l":"2196-1115","issn":["2196-1115"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Big Data","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://journalofbigdata.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40537-025-01286-4","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100685609","display_name":"Muhammad Bilal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0277-589X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146071755","display_name":"Kunming University","ror":"https://ror.org/035rhx828","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146071755"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189210763","display_name":"Yunnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/0040axw97","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189210763"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Bilal","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematics and Statistics, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650106, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics and Statistics, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650106, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189210763","https://openalex.org/I146071755"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042299516","display_name":"Muhammad Nawaz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4179-229X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181063083","display_name":"Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan","ror":"https://ror.org/03b9y4e65","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181063083"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marya Nawaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 23200, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 23200, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181063083"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077817609","display_name":"Saleem Abdullah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7474-5115"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181063083","display_name":"Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan","ror":"https://ror.org/03b9y4e65","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181063083"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saleem Abdullah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 23200, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 23200, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181063083"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120101408","display_name":"Noor Ali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4658-7603"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181063083","display_name":"Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan","ror":"https://ror.org/03b9y4e65","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181063083"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nawab Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 23200, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 23200, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181063083"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100685609"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146071755","https://openalex.org/I189210763"],"apc_list":{"value":1060,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1300},"apc_paid":{"value":1060,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1300},"fwci":2.8881,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93126615,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11502","display_name":"Facility Location and Emergency Management","score":0.5792999863624573,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11502","display_name":"Facility Location and Emergency Management","score":0.5792999863624573,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10050","display_name":"Multi-Criteria Decision Making","score":0.19359999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11095","display_name":"Emergency and Acute Care Studies","score":0.019700000062584877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2711","display_name":"Emergency Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.6881999969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.6687999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5712000131607056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-logic","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","score":0.5223000049591064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expert-system","display_name":"Expert system","score":0.5109999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construct","display_name":"Construct (python library)","score":0.4632999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiple-criteria-decision-analysis","display_name":"Multiple-criteria decision analysis","score":0.3801000118255615}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6953999996185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.6881999969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.6687999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5712000131607056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.5223000049591064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58328972","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184609","display_name":"Expert system","level":2,"score":0.5109999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5074999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4691999852657318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.4632999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4372999966144562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11105738","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1895805","display_name":"Multiple-criteria decision analysis","level":2,"score":0.3801000118255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.3546999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206530611","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905896","display_name":"Diophantine equation","level":2,"score":0.3528999984264374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C534262118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177719","display_name":"Medical diagnosis","level":2,"score":0.311599999666214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107327155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q330268","display_name":"Decision support system","level":2,"score":0.26669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87868495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750843","display_name":"Information processing","level":2,"score":0.2639000117778778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29470771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4165150","display_name":"Neuro-fuzzy","level":4,"score":0.2547000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148483581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446488","display_name":"Feature selection","level":2,"score":0.25200000405311584}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s40537-025-01286-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40537-025-01286-4","pdf_url":"https://journalofbigdata.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40537-025-01286-4","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737955091","display_name":"Journal Of Big Data","issn_l":"2196-1115","issn":["2196-1115"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Big Data","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f2fabded3d184010bdedcdac2d01d62c","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f2fabded3d184010bdedcdac2d01d62c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Big Data, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 1-38 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s40537-025-01286-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40537-025-01286-4","pdf_url":"https://journalofbigdata.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40537-025-01286-4","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737955091","display_name":"Journal Of Big Data","issn_l":"2196-1115","issn":["2196-1115"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Big Data","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4415847834.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4415847834.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W187757024","https://openalex.org/W810600809","https://openalex.org/W1711592200","https://openalex.org/W2003552981","https://openalex.org/W2041004593","https://openalex.org/W2051821221","https://openalex.org/W2133994857","https://openalex.org/W2146930087","https://openalex.org/W2282429601","https://openalex.org/W2734339834","https://openalex.org/W2896634720","https://openalex.org/W2906568202","https://openalex.org/W2943971163","https://openalex.org/W2951045917","https://openalex.org/W2995967544","https://openalex.org/W3005880828","https://openalex.org/W3006266638","https://openalex.org/W3009761115","https://openalex.org/W3109037130","https://openalex.org/W3139668460","https://openalex.org/W3174146138","https://openalex.org/W4211007335","https://openalex.org/W4286685371","https://openalex.org/W4309364687","https://openalex.org/W4313530841","https://openalex.org/W4315620500","https://openalex.org/W4320716815","https://openalex.org/W4321365946","https://openalex.org/W4321485651","https://openalex.org/W4362654406","https://openalex.org/W4377097134","https://openalex.org/W4377819233","https://openalex.org/W4383068630","https://openalex.org/W4384068077","https://openalex.org/W4386055267","https://openalex.org/W4387020096","https://openalex.org/W4388591688","https://openalex.org/W4391482077","https://openalex.org/W4393279395","https://openalex.org/W4396609542","https://openalex.org/W4400134761","https://openalex.org/W4400401667","https://openalex.org/W4400742430","https://openalex.org/W4401381118","https://openalex.org/W4402065804","https://openalex.org/W4406286585","https://openalex.org/W4406932891"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"In":[1],"emergency":[2,94,182],"medical":[3],"scenarios,":[4],"rapid":[5],"and":[6,47,66,101,124,158,175,193,242,259,280,303,316],"accurate":[7],"hospital":[8],"selection":[9],"is":[10],"crucial,":[11],"especially":[12],"in":[13,55,72,87,162,254,272,312],"densely":[14],"populated":[15],"urban":[16],"areas":[17],"like":[18],"Peshawar,":[19,88],"Pakistan.":[20],"This":[21],"study":[22,263],"proposes":[23],"a":[24,229],"novel":[25],"hybrid":[26],"decision-making":[27,75,314],"model":[28,82,146,171,250,269],"called":[29],"the":[30,56,80,151,155,163,167,170,173,177,186,194,197,216,221,224,248,262,265,268,291,294,301,306],"Fractional":[31],"Diophantine":[32,40],"Fuzzy":[33],"Neural":[34],"Network":[35],"(FDFNN),":[36],"which":[37],"integrates":[38],"fractional":[39],"fuzzy":[41],"information":[42,98],"with":[43],"neural":[44],"network":[45],"structures":[46],"Hamacher":[48,156],"aggregation":[49],"operators.":[50],"The":[51,144,244],"key":[52],"innovation":[53],"lies":[54],"model\u2019s":[57],"ability":[58],"to":[59,83,103,270],"effectively":[60],"handle":[61],"uncertainty,":[62],"incomplete":[63],"expert":[64,142,152,191],"input,":[65],"unknown":[67],"weight":[68],"vectors\u2014challenges":[69],"often":[70],"encountered":[71],"real-world":[73],"multi-criteria":[74],"(MCDM)":[76],"problems.":[77],"We":[78],"applied":[79],"proposed":[81,145,198,225,249,307],"evaluate":[84],"six":[85],"hospitals":[86,174],"considering":[89],"five":[90],"critical":[91],"attributes":[92],"for":[93,160,181,319],"care.":[95],"Three":[96],"Experts":[97],"was":[99,213],"gathered":[100],"used":[102],"construct":[104],"three":[105],"decision":[106,257,295],"matrices":[107],"(":[108,203,274],"$${\\mathcal{E}}_{1},{\\mathcal{E}}_{2}$$":[109],"<mml:math":[110,126,205,276,282],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\">":[111,127,206,277,283],"<mml:mrow>":[112,128,133],"<mml:msub>":[113,118,129,207],"<mml:mi>E</mml:mi>":[114,119,130],"<mml:mn>1</mml:mn>":[115],"</mml:msub>":[116,121,132,210],"<mml:mo>,</mml:mo>":[117],"<mml:mn>2</mml:mn>":[120],"</mml:mrow>":[122,135,136],"</mml:math>":[123,137,211,279,285],"$${\\mathcal{E}}_{3})$$":[125],"<mml:mn>3</mml:mn>":[131],"<mml:mo>)</mml:mo>":[134],",":[138],"each":[139],"representing":[140],"different":[141],"perspectives.":[143],"processed":[147],"these":[148],"matrices,":[149],"aggregating":[150],"evaluations":[153],"using":[154,232],"operators":[157],"accounting":[159],"uncertainty":[161],"data.":[164],"After":[165],"processing":[166],"input":[168],"data,":[169],"ranked":[172],"identified":[176,214],"most":[178],"suitable":[179],"option":[180],"situations":[183],"based":[184],"on":[185,190],"selected":[187],"criteria.":[188],"Based":[189],"opinions":[192],"results":[195,245],"of":[196,223,256,267,293,305],"model,":[199,226],"Rehman":[200],"Medical":[201],"Institute":[202],"$${\\mathbb{Q}}_{4}$$":[204],"<mml:mi>Q</mml:mi>":[208],"<mml:mn>4</mml:mn>":[209],"),":[212,286],"as":[215],"best":[217],"choice.":[218],"To":[219],"validate":[220],"effectiveness":[222],"we":[227,298],"conducted":[228],"comparative":[230],"analysis":[231],"established":[233],"MCDM":[234],"techniques,":[235],"including":[236,309],"TOPSIS,":[237],"WASPAS,":[238],"WS,":[239],"WP,":[240],"MOORA,":[241],"GRA.":[243],"showed":[246],"that":[247],"outperformed":[251],"traditional":[252],"methods":[253],"terms":[255],"accuracy":[258],"reliability.":[260],"Additionally,":[261],"explored":[264],"sensitivity":[266],"changes":[271],"parameters":[273],"$$\\theta$$":[275],"<mml:mi>\u03b8</mml:mi>":[278],"$$f$$":[281],"<mml:mi>f</mml:mi>":[284],"providing":[287],"further":[288],"insights":[289],"into":[290],"robustness":[292],"outcomes.":[296],"Furthermore,":[297],"also":[299],"discuss":[300],"advantages":[302],"limitations":[304],"method,":[308],"its":[310,317],"applicability":[311],"real-time":[313],"scenarios":[315],"potential":[318],"large-scale":[320],"implementation.":[321]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-11-04T00:00:00"}
