{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2130815535","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40411-014-0014-6","title":"A metrics suite for JUnit test code: a multiple case study on open source software","display_name":"A metrics suite for JUnit test code: a multiple case study on open source software","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2130815535","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40411-014-0014-6","mag":"2130815535"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s40411-014-0014-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40411-014-0014-6","pdf_url":"https://jserd.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s40411-014-0014-6","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2490763971","display_name":"Journal of Software Engineering Research and Development","issn_l":"2195-1721","issn":["2195-1721"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Software Engineering Research and Development","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://jserd.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s40411-014-0014-6","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068476326","display_name":"Fadel Tour\u00e9","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6801-2006"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43406934","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Laval","ror":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43406934"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63341726","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Trois-Rivi\u00e8res","ror":"https://ror.org/02xrw9r68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49663120","https://openalex.org/I63341726"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fadel Toure","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Laval University, Quebec, Canada","Software Engineering Research Laboratory, Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Quebec, Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, Quebec, Canada","Software Engineering Research Laboratory, Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Quebec, Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Laval University, Quebec, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43406934"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Software Engineering Research Laboratory, Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Quebec, Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, Quebec, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63341726"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Software Engineering Research Laboratory, Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Quebec, Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63341726"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038363863","display_name":"Mourad Badri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9034-9713"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63341726","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Trois-Rivi\u00e8res","ror":"https://ror.org/02xrw9r68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49663120","https://openalex.org/I63341726"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mourad Badri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Software Engineering Research Laboratory, Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Quebec, Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, Quebec, Canada","Software Engineering Research Laboratory, Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Quebec, Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Software Engineering Research Laboratory, Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Quebec, Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, Quebec, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63341726"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Software Engineering Research Laboratory, Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Quebec, Trois-Rivi\u00e8res, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63341726"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001334643","display_name":"Luc Lamontagne","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0255-5117"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43406934","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Laval","ror":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43406934"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luc Lamontagne","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Laval University, Quebec, Canada","Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Laval University, Quebec, Canada#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Laval University, Quebec, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43406934"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Laval University, Quebec, Canada#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43406934"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068476326"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43406934","https://openalex.org/I63341726"],"apc_list":{"value":1085,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1085},"apc_paid":{"value":1085,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1085},"fwci":4.4271,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95261949,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12423","display_name":"Software Reliability and Analysis Research","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7629567384719849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-suite","display_name":"Test suite","score":0.6686567068099976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.5467497110366821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/suite","display_name":"Suite","score":0.5416934490203857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/source-code","display_name":"Source code","score":0.48129788041114807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.4803087115287781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.47112035751342773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-quality","display_name":"Software quality","score":0.43909192085266113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-source","display_name":"Open source","score":0.4217666983604431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.39436131715774536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-case","display_name":"Test case","score":0.37846606969833374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.35454654693603516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.3431835174560547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development","display_name":"Software development","score":0.2863789200782776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.0734410285949707}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7629567384719849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151552104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7705809","display_name":"Test suite","level":4,"score":0.6686567068099976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.5467497110366821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79581498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1367530","display_name":"Suite","level":2,"score":0.5416934490203857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43126263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128751","display_name":"Source code","level":2,"score":0.48129788041114807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.4803087115287781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.47112035751342773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117447612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412670","display_name":"Software quality","level":4,"score":0.43909192085266113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018397939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3644502","display_name":"Open source","level":3,"score":0.4217666983604431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.39436131715774536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128942645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1568346","display_name":"Test case","level":3,"score":0.37846606969833374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.35454654693603516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.3431835174560547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.2863789200782776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0734410285949707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152877465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208042","display_name":"Regression analysis","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s40411-014-0014-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40411-014-0014-6","pdf_url":"https://jserd.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s40411-014-0014-6","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2490763971","display_name":"Journal of Software Engineering Research and Development","issn_l":"2195-1721","issn":["2195-1721"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Software Engineering Research and Development","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s40411-014-0014-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40411-014-0014-6","pdf_url":"https://jserd.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s40411-014-0014-6","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2490763971","display_name":"Journal of Software Engineering Research and Development","issn_l":"2195-1721","issn":["2195-1721"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Software Engineering Research and Development","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2130815535.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2130815535.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W54207059","https://openalex.org/W87621783","https://openalex.org/W1499163112","https://openalex.org/W1536013949","https://openalex.org/W1585515701","https://openalex.org/W1964497219","https://openalex.org/W1991048500","https://openalex.org/W1995116827","https://openalex.org/W2003173797","https://openalex.org/W2005522109","https://openalex.org/W2020794564","https://openalex.org/W2041960550","https://openalex.org/W2089175932","https://openalex.org/W2095485672","https://openalex.org/W2117539536","https://openalex.org/W2133097426","https://openalex.org/W2157051058","https://openalex.org/W2158864412","https://openalex.org/W2158868137","https://openalex.org/W2503122096","https://openalex.org/W2739958890","https://openalex.org/W2913260184","https://openalex.org/W4234886888","https://openalex.org/W4327488499"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2113128227","https://openalex.org/W632256878","https://openalex.org/W1598160211","https://openalex.org/W2067499928","https://openalex.org/W2018145554","https://openalex.org/W4211197663","https://openalex.org/W2491403535","https://openalex.org/W1524028411","https://openalex.org/W3123068371","https://openalex.org/W2138059712"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,249],"code":[1,96,181,219,276],"of":[2,25,28,37,41,52,83,97,112,139,179,182,220,252,260,277,299,311,323,331],"JUnit":[3,29,98,148,183,278],"test":[4,30,85,99,108,149,168,184,198,221,246,262,279,314],"cases":[5,150],"is":[6,34],"commonly":[7],"used":[8,67,102,187,224],"to":[9,21,68,162,194,234,256,273,320,348],"characterize":[10],"software":[11,137,241,351],"testing":[12,72,78],"effort.":[13,73],"Different":[14],"metrics":[15,46,62,170,200,316,326,336],"have":[16],"been":[17],"proposed":[18],"in":[19,50,93,103,116,125,154,188,225,305],"literature":[20],"measure":[22],"various":[23],"perspectives":[24],"the":[26,38,70,76,81,90,95,165,180,196,203,207,211,218,236,239,245,270,275,292,297,309,328,338,345,349],"size":[27],"cases.":[31,100,185,222],"Unfortunately,":[32],"there":[33],"little":[35],"understanding":[36],"empirical":[39,123],"application":[40],"these":[42,335],"metrics,":[43,110],"particularly":[44,89],"which":[45,113,147],"are":[47,171,174,202,283,291,337,343],"more":[48],"useful":[49,267],"terms":[51],"provided":[53,332],"information.":[54],"This":[55],"paper":[56],"aims":[57],"at":[58],"proposing":[59],"a":[60,117,155,158,189,226,258,321],"unified":[61],"suite":[63],"that":[64,201,282,290],"can":[65],"be":[66,318],"quantify":[69],"unit":[71,77,84,107,167,197,261,313],"We":[74,101,120,129,152,186,223],"addressed":[75],"effort":[79,91,271],"from":[80,132,143,285],"perspective":[82],"case":[86,109,169,199,247,263,315],"construction,":[87],"and":[88,142,230,244,288,303,341],"involved":[92,272],"writing":[94,217],"our":[104,300],"study":[105,124,254],"five":[106],"two":[111,324],"were":[114],"introduced":[115],"previous":[118,301],"work.":[119],"conducted":[121],"an":[122],"three":[126],"main":[127,250],"stages.":[128],"collected":[130],"data":[131],"six":[133],"open":[134],"source":[135],"Java":[136],"systems,":[138],"different":[140,144],"sizes":[141],"domains,":[145],"for":[146],"exist.":[151],"performed":[153],"first":[156],"stage":[157,191,228],"Principal":[159],"Component":[160],"Analysis":[161],"find":[163],"whether":[164],"analyzed":[166,312],"independent":[172,284,325],"or":[173],"measuring":[175],"similar":[176],"structural":[177],"aspects":[178],"second":[190],"clustering":[192],"techniques":[193],"determine":[195],"less":[204,293,339],"volatile,":[205,340],"i.e.":[206],"least":[208],"affected":[209],"by":[210,214],"style":[212],"adopted":[213],"developers":[215],"while":[216],"third":[227],"correlation":[229],"linear":[231],"regression":[232],"analysis":[233],"evaluate":[235],"relationships":[237],"between":[238],"internal":[240,350],"class":[242,352],"attributes":[243],"metrics.":[248],"goal":[251],"this":[253],"was":[255],"identify":[257],"subset":[259,322],"metrics:":[264],"(1)":[265,308],"providing":[266],"information":[268],"on":[269],"write":[274],"cases,":[280],"(2)":[281,334],"each":[286],"other,":[287],"(3)":[289,342],"volatile.":[294],"Results":[295],"confirm":[296],"conclusions":[298],"work":[302],"show,":[304],"addition,":[306],"that:":[307],"set":[310,330],"could":[317],"reduced":[319],"maximizing":[327],"whole":[329],"information,":[333],"also":[344],"most":[346],"correlated":[347],"attributes.":[353]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-31T08:31:51.225901","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
