{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7131239376","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13677-026-00855-z","title":"Advancing faithful KBQA services via prompt-driven knowledge graph-enhanced LLMs in cloud","display_name":"Advancing faithful KBQA services via prompt-driven knowledge graph-enhanced LLMs in cloud","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7131239376","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13677-026-00855-z"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13677-026-00855-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13677-026-00855-z","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2486819371","display_name":"Journal of Cloud Computing Advances Systems and Applications","issn_l":"2192-113X","issn":["2192-113X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cloud Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13677-026-00855-z","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103446806","display_name":"Zishun Rui","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200845125","display_name":"Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02y0rxk19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zishun Rui","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031805159","display_name":"Shengjie Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3447-9668"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210097298","display_name":"Jiangsu Provincial Meteorological Bureau","ror":"https://ror.org/00t1yh273","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097298"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shengjie Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangsu Provincial Meteorological Observatory, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Provincial Meteorological Observatory, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210097298"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053304581","display_name":"Shucun Fu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7566-9460"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200845125","display_name":"Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02y0rxk19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shucun Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126732361","display_name":"Wenzheng Sun","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenzheng Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanjing NRIET Industrial Co., Ltd, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanjing NRIET Industrial Co., Ltd, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100934551","display_name":"Shengjun Xue","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shengjun Xue","raw_affiliation_strings":["Silicon Lake College, Suzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Silicon Lake College, Suzhou, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5031805159"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210097298"],"apc_list":{"value":1490,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1490},"apc_paid":{"value":1490,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1490},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.21803313,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11273","display_name":"Advanced Graph Neural Networks","score":0.868399977684021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11273","display_name":"Advanced Graph Neural Networks","score":0.868399977684021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.029100000858306885,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12292","display_name":"Graph Theory and Algorithms","score":0.02669999934732914,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.5640000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spurious-relationship","display_name":"Spurious relationship","score":0.5206999778747559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.45750001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantics","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","score":0.397599995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language","display_name":"Natural language","score":0.39309999346733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.37929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-graph","display_name":"Knowledge graph","score":0.3718999922275543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/core","display_name":"Core (optical fiber)","score":0.3506999909877777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coherence","display_name":"Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy)","score":0.34860000014305115}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6937999725341797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.5640000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97256817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1462316","display_name":"Spurious relationship","level":2,"score":0.5206999778747559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.45750001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.4230000078678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4034999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.397599995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.39309999346733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.37929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987255567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33002955","display_name":"Knowledge graph","level":2,"score":0.3718999922275543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2164484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5170150","display_name":"Core (optical fiber)","level":2,"score":0.3506999909877777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781181686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4226068","display_name":"Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy)","level":2,"score":0.34860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44291984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074173","display_name":"Question answering","level":2,"score":0.33230000734329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.3312000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195344581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2555318","display_name":"Automated reasoning","level":2,"score":0.32089999318122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.303600013256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.3021000027656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777601683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6499736","display_name":"Vocabulary","level":2,"score":0.3003999888896942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.2842999994754791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.2732999920845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776608160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.26669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.26460000872612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779439875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1078276","display_name":"Natural language understanding","level":3,"score":0.2632000148296356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40305131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2616305","display_name":"Obfuscation","level":2,"score":0.2572000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194995250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q531136","display_name":"Affordance","level":2,"score":0.2524000108242035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5655090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192588","display_name":"Relational database","level":2,"score":0.2517000138759613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2129575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54837","display_name":"Semantic Web","level":2,"score":0.25119999051094055}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13677-026-00855-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13677-026-00855-z","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2486819371","display_name":"Journal of Cloud Computing Advances Systems and Applications","issn_l":"2192-113X","issn":["2192-113X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cloud Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2eddd472ffaa4b61ba51322f646d368e","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2eddd472ffaa4b61ba51322f646d368e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cloud Computing: Advances, Systems and Applications, Vol 15, Iss 1 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13677-026-00855-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13677-026-00855-z","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2486819371","display_name":"Journal of Cloud Computing Advances Systems and Applications","issn_l":"2192-113X","issn":["2192-113X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cloud Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1985677981","https://openalex.org/W2170344111","https://openalex.org/W2511149293","https://openalex.org/W2890961898","https://openalex.org/W2964120615","https://openalex.org/W2971155257","https://openalex.org/W3116847845","https://openalex.org/W3172335055","https://openalex.org/W3199258975","https://openalex.org/W4225580830","https://openalex.org/W4385300984","https://openalex.org/W4385570088","https://openalex.org/W4385571420","https://openalex.org/W4385571689","https://openalex.org/W4386365737","https://openalex.org/W4387849038","https://openalex.org/W4389943390","https://openalex.org/W4393156804","https://openalex.org/W4393160302","https://openalex.org/W4396722534","https://openalex.org/W4400222836","https://openalex.org/W4400239195","https://openalex.org/W4405179777","https://openalex.org/W4405598579","https://openalex.org/W4405599056","https://openalex.org/W4405707224","https://openalex.org/W4407315261","https://openalex.org/W4409152507","https://openalex.org/W4409356364","https://openalex.org/W4409362988","https://openalex.org/W4409363066","https://openalex.org/W4409365253","https://openalex.org/W4409917156","https://openalex.org/W4412945177","https://openalex.org/W4417491036"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Large":[0],"Language":[1],"Models":[2],"(LLMs)":[3],"serve":[4,39],"as":[5,40,55,159],"the":[6,68,76,79,128,163,186,190],"core":[7],"engine":[8],"of":[9,67,78,114],"natural":[10],"language":[11],"processing":[12],"capabilities":[13],"within":[14],"intelligent":[15],"cloud":[16],"services,":[17],"but":[18],"their":[19,59],"constrained":[20],"factual":[21],"stores":[22],"and":[23,97,110,131,148,151,168,182,205,212],"ongoing":[24],"hallucination":[25],"issues":[26],"impair":[27],"effectiveness":[28],"in":[29,64,99],"intricate":[30],"reasoning":[31,108,160,207],"scenarios.":[32],"Knowledge":[33],"graphs":[34],"(KGs),":[35],"offering":[36],"organized":[37],"data,":[38],"a":[41,89,100,121,132,174],"solid":[42],"basis":[43],"for":[44],"reasoning,":[45],"yet":[46],"current":[47],"approaches":[48],"relying":[49],"on":[50,202],"KGs":[51,98],"typically":[52],"view":[53],"them":[54],"fixed":[56],"repositories,":[57],"overlooking":[58],"relational":[60],"architecture.":[61],"This":[62],"results":[63],"suboptimal":[65],"use":[66],"information,":[69],"potentially":[70],"introducing":[71],"spurious":[72],"knowledge,":[73],"thereby":[74,141],"compromising":[75],"accuracy":[77],"reasoning.":[80],"To":[81],"address":[82],"these":[83],"drawbacks,":[84],"we":[85],"introduce":[86],"PDR,":[87],"namely":[88],"Prompt-driven":[90],"KG-enhanced":[91],"LLM":[92,164],"Reasoning,":[93,153],"which":[94],"combines":[95],"LLMs":[96],"cohesive":[101],"manner":[102],"while":[103],"refining":[104],"prompt":[105],"to":[106,137,165,188],"boost":[107],"reliability":[109],"interpretability.":[111],"PDR":[112,198],"consists":[113],"two":[115],"phases:":[116],"(1)":[117],"Subgraph":[118],"Retrieval,":[119],"where":[120,154],"refined":[122],"PageRank":[123],"algorithm":[124],"align":[125],"queries":[126],"with":[127,144,185],"KG":[129,170,187],"structure":[130],"document":[133],"retrieval":[134],"is":[135],"integrated":[136],"extend":[138],"graph":[139],"boundaries,":[140],"generating":[142],"subgraphs":[143],"maximal":[145],"answer":[146],"coverage":[147],"high":[149],"relevance;":[150],"(2)":[152],"task-specific":[155],"prompts":[156],"embed":[157],"subqueries":[158],"cues,":[161],"directing":[162],"generate":[166],"chain-of-thought":[167],"candidate":[169],"paths,":[171],"followed":[172],"by":[173],"stepwise":[175],"filtering":[176],"process":[177],"that":[178,197],"evaluates":[179],"semantic":[180],"coherence":[181],"structural":[183],"alignment":[184],"identify":[189],"most":[191],"pertinent":[192],"answer.":[193],"Thorough":[194],"experiments":[195],"show":[196],"surpasses":[199],"state-of-the-art":[200],"baselines":[201],"both":[203],"simple":[204],"multi-hop":[206],"tasks,":[208],"yielding":[209],"more":[210],"accurate":[211],"interpretable":[213],"results.":[214]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2026-02-25T00:00:00"}