{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2775008189","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13677-017-0098-8","title":"Classifying malware attacks in IaaS cloud environments","display_name":"Classifying malware attacks in IaaS cloud environments","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2775008189","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13677-017-0098-8","mag":"2775008189"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13677-017-0098-8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13677-017-0098-8","pdf_url":"https://journalofcloudcomputing.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s13677-017-0098-8","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2486819371","display_name":"Journal of Cloud Computing Advances Systems and Applications","issn_l":"2192-113X","issn":["2192-113X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cloud Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://journalofcloudcomputing.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s13677-017-0098-8","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050988023","display_name":"No\u00eblle Rakotondravony","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7594-6349"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186354981","display_name":"University of Passau","ror":"https://ror.org/05ydjnb78","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186354981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"No\u00eblle Rakotondravony","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Passau, Passau, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Passau, Passau, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186354981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044631261","display_name":"Benjamin Taubmann","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186354981","display_name":"University of Passau","ror":"https://ror.org/05ydjnb78","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186354981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Benjamin Taubmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Passau, Passau, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Passau, Passau, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186354981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034268795","display_name":"Waseem Mandarawi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186354981","display_name":"University of Passau","ror":"https://ror.org/05ydjnb78","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186354981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Waseem Mandarawi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Passau, Passau, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Passau, Passau, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186354981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068660278","display_name":"Eva Weish\u00e4upl","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60668342","display_name":"University of Regensburg","ror":"https://ror.org/01eezs655","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60668342"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eva Weish\u00e4upl","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60668342"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067685509","display_name":"Peng Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7673-5618"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peng Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, M\u00fcnchen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, M\u00fcnchen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080832826","display_name":"Bojan Kolosnjaji","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bojan Kolosnjaji","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, M\u00fcnchen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, M\u00fcnchen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013202845","display_name":"Mykolai Protsenko","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2706-3920"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136922","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Applied and Integrated Security","ror":"https://ror.org/03w0bbr97","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136922","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mykolai Protsenko","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer AISEC, Garching bei M\u00fcnchen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer AISEC, Garching bei M\u00fcnchen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136922"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085867563","display_name":"Hermann de Meer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3466-8135"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186354981","display_name":"University of Passau","ror":"https://ror.org/05ydjnb78","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186354981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hermann de Meer","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Passau, Passau, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Passau, Passau, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186354981"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085415375","display_name":"Hans P. Reiser","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2815-5747"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186354981","display_name":"University of Passau","ror":"https://ror.org/05ydjnb78","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186354981"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hans P. Reiser","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Passau, Passau, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Passau, Passau, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186354981"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5050988023"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186354981"],"apc_list":{"value":990,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1214},"apc_paid":{"value":990,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1214},"fwci":10.1132,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":44,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9813222,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11614","display_name":"Cloud Data Security Solutions","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11614","display_name":"Cloud Data Security Solutions","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12034","display_name":"Digital and Cyber Forensics","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8523359894752502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.8263922929763794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malware","display_name":"Malware","score":0.8135417699813843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-machine","display_name":"Virtual machine","score":0.688483715057373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.6613158583641052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relevance","display_name":"Relevance (law)","score":0.4923149347305298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.09745422005653381}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8523359894752502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.8263922929763794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C541664917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14001","display_name":"Malware","level":2,"score":0.8135417699813843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25344961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192726","display_name":"Virtual machine","level":2,"score":0.688483715057373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.6613158583641052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158154518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310970","display_name":"Relevance (law)","level":2,"score":0.4923149347305298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.09745422005653381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13677-017-0098-8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13677-017-0098-8","pdf_url":"https://journalofcloudcomputing.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s13677-017-0098-8","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2486819371","display_name":"Journal of Cloud Computing Advances Systems and Applications","issn_l":"2192-113X","issn":["2192-113X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cloud Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:epub.uni-regensburg.de:36512","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401229","display_name":"University of Regensburg Publication Server (University of Regensburg)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I60668342","host_organization_name":"University of Regensburg","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60668342"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:714ec9288cb24c688925b493e0eabff1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/714ec9288cb24c688925b493e0eabff1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cloud Computing: Advances, Systems and Applications, Vol 6, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2017)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:fraunhofer.de:N-503024","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://publica.fraunhofer.de/documents/N-503024.html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400801","display_name":"Publikationsdatenbank der Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Fraunhofer AISEC","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publica.fraunhofer.de:publica/253447","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/253447","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"journal article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13677-017-0098-8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13677-017-0098-8","pdf_url":"https://journalofcloudcomputing.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s13677-017-0098-8","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2486819371","display_name":"Journal of Cloud Computing Advances Systems and Applications","issn_l":"2192-113X","issn":["2192-113X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cloud Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6499999761581421,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322728","display_name":"Bayerisches Staatsministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Kultus, Wissenschaft und Kunst","ror":"https://ror.org/01a44gd51"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2775008189.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2775008189.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W229803498","https://openalex.org/W1558464214","https://openalex.org/W1641762327","https://openalex.org/W1922956467","https://openalex.org/W1975177131","https://openalex.org/W1976188373","https://openalex.org/W2005430048","https://openalex.org/W2006816934","https://openalex.org/W2013967191","https://openalex.org/W2014011556","https://openalex.org/W2018325363","https://openalex.org/W2021862793","https://openalex.org/W2022570654","https://openalex.org/W2024540116","https://openalex.org/W2033631965","https://openalex.org/W2048997531","https://openalex.org/W2056356307","https://openalex.org/W2071842322","https://openalex.org/W2076837008","https://openalex.org/W2085802616","https://openalex.org/W2099505562","https://openalex.org/W2101177960","https://openalex.org/W2109026747","https://openalex.org/W2110384288","https://openalex.org/W2112967367","https://openalex.org/W2119028650","https://openalex.org/W2119633057","https://openalex.org/W2154464007","https://openalex.org/W2162840341","https://openalex.org/W2167470572","https://openalex.org/W2248302901","https://openalex.org/W2293991785","https://openalex.org/W2295390884","https://openalex.org/W2296391043","https://openalex.org/W2329013655","https://openalex.org/W2398262958","https://openalex.org/W2403757599","https://openalex.org/W2502815150","https://openalex.org/W2538613254","https://openalex.org/W2561453802","https://openalex.org/W2562545612","https://openalex.org/W2579069073","https://openalex.org/W2586739381","https://openalex.org/W2769843752","https://openalex.org/W2915764195","https://openalex.org/W2963358330","https://openalex.org/W3035977860","https://openalex.org/W4206109607","https://openalex.org/W4237780450","https://openalex.org/W4253762342","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2097492617","https://openalex.org/W2753240997","https://openalex.org/W1764168690","https://openalex.org/W2537959205","https://openalex.org/W3152891574","https://openalex.org/W572531444","https://openalex.org/W2921575628","https://openalex.org/W2560068097","https://openalex.org/W4366249425","https://openalex.org/W2174174426"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,83],"the":[1,19,34,41,44,57,123,129,146,152,156,176,186,191],"last":[2],"few":[3],"years,":[4],"research":[5],"has":[6,67],"been":[7,31,68],"motivated":[8,32],"to":[9,70],"provide":[10,181],"a":[11,25,101,135,182],"categorization":[12],"and":[13,37,46,60,78,126,142,167,194],"classification":[14,118,147],"of":[15,22,51,128,144,155,178,185],"security":[16],"concerns":[17],"accompanying":[18],"growing":[20],"adaptation":[21],"Infrastructure":[23],"as":[24,54,56],"Service":[26],"(IaaS)":[27],"clouds.":[28],"Studies":[29],"have":[30,47],"by":[33,40,159,190],"risks,":[35],"threats":[36],"vulnerabilities":[38,188],"imposed":[39],"components":[42],"within":[43],"environment":[45,137],"provided":[48],"general":[49],"classifications":[50],"related":[52],"attacks,":[53,145,179],"well":[55],"respective":[58],"detection":[59,77],"mitigation":[61],"mechanisms.":[62,98],"Virtual":[63,109],"Machine":[64],"Introspection":[65],"(VMI)":[66],"proven":[69],"be":[71,94,139,165],"an":[72,114],"effective":[73],"tool":[74],"for":[75],"malware":[76],"analysis":[79,184],"in":[80,89,113,134],"virtualized":[81],"environments.":[82],"this":[84],"paper,":[85],"we":[86,180],"classify":[87],"attacks":[88,105,158,193],"IaaS":[90,115],"cloud":[91,136,150],"that":[92,106],"can":[93,138,162],"investigated":[95],"using":[96],"VMI-based":[97,171],"This":[99],"infers":[100],"special":[102],"focus":[103],"on":[104,198],"directly":[107],"involve":[108],"Machines":[110],"(VMs)":[111],"deployed":[112],"cloud.":[116],"Our":[117],"methodology":[119],"takes":[120],"into":[121],"consideration":[122],"source,":[124],"target,":[125],"direction":[127],"attacks.":[130],"As":[131],"each":[132],"actor":[133,151],"both":[140],"source":[141],"target":[143],"provides":[148],"any":[149],"necessary":[153],"knowledge":[154],"different":[157],"which":[160],"it":[161],"threaten":[163],"or":[164],"threatened,":[166],"consequently":[168],"deploy":[169],"adapted":[170],"monitoring":[172],"architectures.":[173],"To":[174],"highlight":[175],"relevance":[177],"statistical":[183],"reported":[187],"exploited":[189],"classified":[192],"their":[195],"financial":[196],"impact":[197],"actual":[199],"business":[200],"processes.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}